Abacus ana ganin shine mafi tsufa kalkuleta akwai, tunda tana da fiye da shekaru 2000 ƙarƙashin belinta. Wannan kayan aiki ne mai kyau don gabatar da yara zuwa duniyar ilimin lissafi a cikin hanya mai sauƙi da nishaɗi. Kuma tun da wasa shine hanya mafi kyau don koyar da yara, waɗannan nau'ikan kayan aikin suna da mahimmanci ga wannan aikin.
Don yara su fahimci manufar kirgawa, ya zama dole a dogara da abubuwa na zahiri da na gani. Kuma saboda wannan, babu wani abu mafi kyau fiye da abacus. Ban da koya ƙidayaZasu iya gano wasu abubuwa kamar launuka ko lambobi. Ko da ga jarirai, abacus abun wasa ne mai birgewa saboda launi da kuma yadda yake sarrafa launuka masu launi. Don haka bai yi wuri ba don baiwa yaranku abacus ba.
Menene abacus kuma menene don sa?
Akwai nau'ikan abacus da yawa amma gabaɗaya, yawanci suna an yi layi 10 tare da beads 10 a kowannensu na sanduna. Abacus na Turai ya ƙunshi layuka 10 da ke tsaye a kwance, wani abu daban da abacus na gabas wanda aka sanya shi tsaye kuma yana yiwuwa a same shi da layuka 5 kawai na kwallaye.
Abacus ya kasance yana da tushe, gabaɗaya an yi shi da itace, inda aka tsara layuka 10 a kansa. A cikin kowane sandunan, akwai beads masu launuka 10 ko ƙwallo, suna yin ƙwallaye kwallaye 100, waɗanda za a iya motsa su da sandar ƙarfe duka. Tare da abacus yana yiwuwa a koya yin lissafi mai sauƙi, kamar kara, ragi, ninkawa, ko rarrabawa. Don haka babban kayan aiki ne don gabatar da yara zuwa duniyar lissafi.
Kodayake abacus cikakke ne ga kowane yaro, ba tare da la'akari da shekarunsu ba, tunda kamar yadda muka ce, ga jarirai abun wasa ne mai ban sha'awa da nishaɗi, An nuna shi don yara daga shekaru 3. Tun daga wannan lokacin, suna iya fara fahimtar ma'anar ƙidaya. Tare da yara har zuwa shekaru 5, manufa shine a yi wasa tare da goma. Lokacin da suka girma, tare da shekaru 6 ko 7, zaka iya shigar da ɗari.
Yadda ake amfani da abacus don koyon kidaya
Tare da yara kusan shekaru 3, zaku iya fara shigar da sharuɗɗa kamar mai yawa, kadan, ba komai, wasu, dama ko hagu. Kodayake baza ku iya fahimtarsa da farko ba, zai zama kyakkyawan tushe don karatunku na gaba. Tambayi yaro ya zura kwallayen daga wannan gefe zuwa wancan, tare da yin amfani da damar koya masa launuka da lambobin farko.
Daga shekara 4, zaku iya tambayar sa ya raba adadin kwallaye a kowane jeri, ambaci launuka a lokaci guda don ƙarfafa wannan darasin. Kai ma za ka iya nuna muku takamaiman adadi na wasu kayan, zaka iya amfani da kayan wasan su, katunan ko bulolin su. Idaya su da ƙarfi kuma roƙe shi ya sanya kwallaye iri ɗaya a kan abacus. Sanya wasu a gizan ku don haka yaron dole ne ya hada su a cikin tarin kwallayen akan abacus.
Yadda ake koyon yin aiki
Yara sama da shekaru 5 sun riga sun iya fahimci mafi mahimmancin ra'ayi game da kirgawa, don haka zasu iya fara aiwatar da ayyukan lissafi masu sauƙi. Da farko zaka iya nuna masa jaka biyu tare da tsabar kudi, a gefe guda tsabar kudin euro daya kuma a daya bangaren tsabar kudin 1. Lambobin tsabar kudi da kuka sanya, dole ne koyaushe su kasance waɗanda yaron ya riga ya sani.
Yanzu roƙe shi ya zura kwallaye daidai da lambar tsabar kuɗin Yuro 1 a jere. A wani layi Dole ne ku matsar da asusun da ya dace tare da lambar tsabar hamsin. Yi amfani da dama don shigar da ƙari da ragi. Yuro nawa zan samu idan na cire kuɗin euro daga cikin tarin?
Abacus kuma zai yi aiki azaman tallafi na gani don koya wa ɗanka manufar da ta fi girma, da ƙasa da haka. Misali, idan yana da shekaru 5 kuma kaninsa yana da shekaru 3, wanene ya fi su biyu? Ganin yawan kwallaye na kowane zamani na yara zai taimaka muku fahimtar wannan ra'ayi.