Samartaka mataki ne na asali a rayuwar dukkan yara, shine rikida zuwa girma. Wannan matakin na iya farawa a wani lokaci na daban ga kowane yaro, tunda ba zai yuwu a tantance ainihin shekarun da ya fara ko ya ƙare ba, kodayake akwai ƙiyasi a cewar Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO).
A lokacin matakin da ya hada da samartaka, akwai da yawa yanayin jiki, motsin rai, halayyar mutum, halayyar mutum, canjin yanayi, da canjin jima'i. Babban canji wanda yawanci ana alakanta shi da halaye na al'ada a cikin yara, waɗanda har zuwa wannan lokacin suka nuna halin rashin ɗa'a da yara. Duk yara dole ne su shiga wannan lokacin, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci iyaye su san cikin zurfin duk abin da samartaka ke nufi don tallafawa yara a cikin wannan matakin na asali.
Menene samartaka?
Samartaka ana kiranta lokaci wanda yake wucewa tun daga yarinta zuwa girma. Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta kiyasta cewa samartaka Mataki ne da ke farawa daga shekara 10 zuwa shekara 19. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa kowane yaro yana canzawa ta wata hanyar daban. Wato, canje-canje na zahiri da na hankali na iya bayyana kafin ko bayan shekarun da aka nuna.
Balaga yana da wahala ga duka yara, tunda ba sauki a iya shawo kan canje-canje da yawa na haɗarin ciki ba. Akasin yara, zama saurayi ya ƙunshi haɓaka cikin jiki, farawa zuwa suna da buri ga wasu mutane ko jin daɗin kwanan wata ba sani ba. Sauye-sauyen da basu da sauƙin jimrewa kuma hakan na iya haifar da sauyin yanayi, rikicewar ɗabi'a ko canje-canje a ayyukan makaranta a cikin yaron.
Mahimman bayanai game da samartaka
Ga kowane yaro yana iya zama wani lokaci daban, amma, akwai wasu fannoni waɗanda aka raba gaba ɗaya yayin samartaka. Cewa iyaye suna tallafawa da taimakon matashi a yayin wannan matakin yana da mahimmanci ga yaro ya shawo kansa. Idan kuna da ɗa a cikin samartaka, yana da mahimmanci kuyi aiki akan tausayin ku game da yadda suke ji, kuma babban haƙuri don jimre wa wannan lokacin ta hanya mafi kyau.
Waɗannan su ne wasu bayanai da ya kamata ku sani game da samartaka:
- A lokacin samartaka, mahimman abubuwan ci gaba an ƙirƙira su kamar 'yanci ko halin mutum.
- Canje-canje na zahiri da ke faruwa yayin samartaka, an san su da balaga. Dangane da 'yan mata kuwa, balaga ta hada da kara girman nono da bayyanar haila ta farko. Yara suna fama da canjin murya da faɗaɗa al'aurarsu. Baya ga bayyanar gashin jiki, duka a cikin girlsan mata da samari.
- A lokacin samartaka, matasa sun fara fuskantar sha'awar jiki da ta motsin rai ga wasu mutane, ma'ana, suna haɓaka sha'awar jima'i da soyayya. Yana da mahimmanci ku taimaki yaranku su faɗi irin waɗannan motsin zuciyar, tunda samarin da suka danne waɗannan halayen sukan zama manya da matsalolin kafa dangantakar soyayya.
- Game da zamantakewar jama'a, akwai babban canji game da halayen matasa. A lokacin yarinta, yanayin zamantakewar ya kunshi iyaye ne da dangi na kusa. Amma lokacin da suka kai samartaka, sai su fara kulla alaƙa da wasu matasa. Hakanan abu ne na yau da kullun don haɓaka wasu halaye, waɗanda zasu iya zama haɗari a wasu lokuta.
Fahimta da haƙuri
Duk yara dole ne su shiga wannan matakin kuma ku da kanku kun sha wuya a lokacin. Abu ne mai sauki ga babu yaro ya jimre da duk waɗannan canje-canjen da ba su fahimta ba. Saboda haka, yana da matukar mahimmanci yara su sami iyayensu goyon bayan da suke buƙata don fuskantar wannan matakin. Yana da yawa ga rikice-rikice na iyali fara fara faruwa ba zato ba tsammani, tunda saurayi ya fara jin wani ɓangare ya balaga, kodayake ga iyayen yana ci gaba da zama yaro. Don hana wannan lokacin daga tasiri ga tasirin dangantakarku, yi ƙoƙari ku fahimta ku goyi bayan ɗanku a kan tafiyarsu zuwa girma.