Kyanda, cuta ta zama faɗaka koyaushe

Shekaru da dama an shawo kan cutar kyanda albarkacin rigakafin MMR, wanda ke kare duka wannan cuta da kuma cutar ƙanƙara da kumburin ciki. Koyaya, ƙararrawa koyaushe suna kan azaman Cutar kyanda tana cikin cututtukan haɗari na yara da manya.

Zai yiwu ga mutane da yawa, kyanda cuta ce ta baya wanda aka kawar da ita, duk da haka Likitoci, masana kimiyya da kwararru sun tabbatar da cewa mun yi nesa da wannan gaskiyar.

Menene kyanda

Cutar kyanda ba ta zama ba face a cututtuka na numfashi wanda kwayar cuta ta haifar, tare da cututtukan kamuwa da mura a farkon duk da cewa dole ne ka ƙara fatar fatar da ke jikin duka.

Yana da cuta mai saurin yaduwa cewa duk da cewa an sarrafa shi saboda alurar riga kafi, har yanzu yana nan a duniya, musamman a ƙasashe da ke da ƙananan albarkatu inda tsarin kiwon lafiya da rigakafin suka fi haɗari. Haɗarin annobar ya samo asali ne, a wani ɓangare, zuwa ga gaskiyar cewa har yanzu ba a sami takamaiman magani don magance da kawar da cutar ba. cutar kyanda na jiki: ya isa zama kusa da mutum da kyanda don zama cikin haɗari. A zahiri, majiyoyi sun nuna cewa, idan basu da rigakafin, mutane 9 cikin 10 zasu kamu da cutar idan suna kusa da mai cutar saboda yaduwar cuta na faruwa ne ta hanyar diga daga miyau, tari, atishawa, ko kasancewa cikin kusanci tare da wani mara lafiya.

Alamomin cutar kyanda

Kamar yadda muka yi magana a sama, na farko alamun cutar kyanda a yara da manya Suna kama da na mura, kodayake suna bayyana tsakanin kwanaki 8 da 13 bayan mutumin ya sadu da kwayar.

Bayan haka alamun cututtuka masu zuwa sun bayyana:

• Dry tari
• Rhinorrhea
• Zazzabi mai zafi
• Ciwon ido
• Kuraje

Wataƙila wannan alama ta ƙarshe ita ce ɗayan mafi halayyar. Game da yara, suna iya gabatar da ƙananan jajayen launuka masu launin shuɗi mai fari-fari a bakin - da ake kira Koplik tabo- tun kafin kumburin ya bayyana.

Da zarar kumburi ya fara, ana nuna shi da bayyanar launuka ja ja a goshi wanda sai ya bazu zuwa sauran fuskar kuma ya ci gaba zuwa wuya, jiki, hannaye, ƙafa, da ƙafa. Tsarin yana ci gaba da aikinsa na aan kwanaki har zuwa ƙarshe kurji da tabon sun fara raguwa. Yayin aiwatarwa, dole ne yaron ya kasance yana da wadataccen ruwa kuma ya je asibiti idan akwai ciwon kai mai tsanani, amai ko tari mai ƙarfi da ci gaba.

Mafi tsufa hadarin kyanda shine cewa shi ne cutar da ka iya haifar da rikitarwa tare da sauƙi, daga cututtukan kunne har zuwa makanta, ciwon huhu, zawo mai tsanani da rashin ruwa, rashin abinci mai gina jiki ko kumburin kwakwalwa (encephalitis), musamman a cikin yara a karkashin shekaru 5. Tsananin zai dogara ne akan kowace kwayar halitta, kodayake yara masu fama da yunwa ko yara masu ƙarancin bitamin A ko waɗanda ke da raunin garkuwar jiki sun fi bayyana.

Yadda ake kauce wa yaduwa

Idan mukayi magana akan yara da kyanda, Yana da kyau a san cewa hanya mafi kyau don kare su ita ce ta amfani da sau uku hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri rigakafi ko rigakafin kwayar cutar sau huɗu, wanda ban da hana cutar kyanda, las kututture Kuma rubella shima yana aiki da cutar kaza.

El jadawalin alurar riga kafi a cikin yara mafi tasiri Ya hada da allurai biyu, na farko a jarirai tsakanin watanni 12 zuwa 15 kuma na biyu a cikin yara tsakanin shekarun 4 zuwa 6. Ta wannan hanyar, an rufe kariya ta 99% kodayake, bisa ga bayani daga kungiyar Doctors Without Borders, a cikin ƙasashen da suke aiki, jadawalin allurar rigakafin ya haɗa da kashi ɗaya ne kawai, wanda ya shafi kariya ta 85%, ba haka ba a Spain inda allurai 2 ana gudanar dasu don samun cikakken maganin alurar riga kafi.

Daga cuta zuwa annoba

Wani lokaci da suka wuce, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta aika da sanarwar saboda karuwar cutar kyanda a Turai, gaskiyar cewa ba wai kawai yana magana ne game da cewa cutar koyaushe tana ɓoye ba amma har da yiwuwar haɗarin cutar kyanda idan muka yi la’akari da cewa cutar na da haɗarin faɗaɗawa a cikin ƙasashe waɗanda yawan allurar rigakafin su bai kai kashi 95% ba. Kodayake a cewar kungiyar Doctors ba tare da iyaka ba, a halin yanzu ɗaukar hoto yana da tasiri sosai a ƙasashe da yawa, rahoton Organizationungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya na 2017 yayi magana game da kusan mutuwar 110.000 a duniya, yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 5 galibi.

Babban dalilai? Ara da rashin kuɗi don sa ido da kulawa da annobar kasancewar ƙarancin tsarin kiwon lafiya a cikin ƙasashe da ke da ƙananan albarkatu da raguwa cikin Shirye-shiryen Rigakafin andaura. Idan muka yi la'akari da cewa muna rayuwa a cikin duniyar da ke da yawan ƙungiyoyin jama'a, yana da sauƙin fahimtar dalilan da ya sa wannan cutar koyaushe ta zama barazanar ɓoye.