Cutar sankarau cuta ce mai hatsari abin da aka sarrafa albarkatun rigakafin da aka haɓaka. Koyaya, saboda akwai daban-daban nau'in sankarau, Ana sabunta jadawalin allurar rigakafi koyaushe domin yaƙar baƙin ciki daban-daban.
Yana da mahimmanci a san duk bayanan wannan cuta da ke damun yara domin kula da lafiyar ƙananan yara.
Menene cutar sankarau?
La meningitis cuta ce mai yaduwa wacce ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifar da ita. Wadannan kwayoyin cuta suna shafar sankarau, ma’ana, membran da suka kewaye kwakwalwa da lakar gwal kuma shi yasa yake da matukar hatsari saboda yana haifar da cuta da kumburi.
Akwai digiri daban-daban na cutar sankarau saboda kwayoyin cuta na iya shafar sankarau kawai - sannan kuma muna magana ne game da cutar sankarau - ko kuma kwayoyin na iya shiga cikin jini kuma a can abin da ake kira meningococcal sepsis na faruwa, wanda yake da matukar tsanani. A mafi munin yanayi, sankarau na iya haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa har ma da mutuwa.
Bayan cututtukan cututtukan da ake samu ta hanyar yaduwa ta yau, tsakanin nau'in sankarau akwai wadanda ake samu ta hanyar fungi, ciwace-ciwace da wasu kwayoyin cuta kamar ciwon sanyi, al'aurar mata da kanjamau, duk da cewa wadannan basu cika faruwa ba.
da mafi yawan cututtukan sankarau Su ne:
- Babban zazzabi.
- M ciwon kai.
- Wuya wuya
- Kwatsam amai
- Bacci.
- Rashin hankali.
- Hankali, delirium da / ko kamawa.
- Red-purple spots a kan fata
Nau'in cutar sankarau
Cutar sankarau ta kasu kashi biyu: manyan kwayoyi da kwayoyin cuta. Saboda haka, da nau'in sankarau bambanta bisa ga asalinsu.
Daga ciki akwai kwayar cutar sankarauCuta ce da ke da kyakkyawan hangen nesa wanda yawanci ba ya barin abin da yake biyo baya kuma baya buƙatar rigakafin rigakafi ko kariya.
da cututtukan sankarau Suna da haɗari kuma suna buƙatar haƙuri a asibiti saboda hakan na iya haifar da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa har ma da mutuwa. Abin da ya sa ke nan aka kirkiro jerin alluran rigakafi da ke afkawa nau’ikan kwayoyin cuta. Mafi yawan lokuta sune:
- Meningococcus B.
- Meningococcus C.
- Haemophilus mura mura b.
- Ciwon huhu.
Alurar rigakafin sankarau
La maganin cutar kansa ita ce hanya mafi kyau don rigakafin wannan cuta. Spanishungiyar Ilimin likitancin Spain ta ba da shawarar allurar rigakafin ga jarirai daga watanni 2 da haihuwa. Dangane da shekaru, an ba da kashi. Manufa ita ce fara allurar rigakafin farko tsakanin watanni 2 da 5, tare da amfani da allurai 4 sannan kuma ayi amfani da allurai 3 tsakanin watanni 6 zuwa 23. Tsakanin shekaru 2 zuwa 10, ana yin allurai 2 kuma iri ɗaya ne a yanayin samari da manya.
Abin farin ciki, an inganta rigakafin kusan duka nau'in sankarau kwayoyin cuta na kwayan cuta kuma an haɗa su, a cikin mafi yawansu, a cikin tsarin aikin riga-kafi na ƙasar Spain. Mafi sanannun sune maganin alurar rigakafin cutar Haemophilus Influenza B, meningococcus C, da pneumococcus.
Godiya ga bayyanar alurar rigakafin sankarau da ire-irenta, hanyar yaduwar kwayar cutar sankarau ta fadi warwas a Spain, kodayake a cikin 'yan shekarun nan lamarin da ke haifar da kaurarsa ya karu da kamuwa da cutar. Yana da mahimmanci a san tsananin wannan cutar tunda tana iya haifar da rikice-rikice masu zuwa:
Idan ganewar asali na cutar sankarau idan ya yi latti ko mara lafiya bai karɓi isasshen magani ba, wannan cuta na iya haifar da rauni da kuma sanya haƙuri a cikin haƙuri. Mafi shahararrun sune:
- Rashin jin magana (rashin ji).
- Hydrocephalus
- Kamawa
- Zubar da jini na bayan gida
- Lalacewar kwakwalwa.
- Kumburin kwakwalwa
- Venous sinus thrombosis.
- Ciwon jijiyar jiki.
- Ciwon farfadiya.
- Hannun Septic.
- Rashin ƙarancin ƙarfi
A farkon matakansa, cutar sankarau na da wuyar ganewa. Don gano ko cutar sankarau ce ta kwayar cuta, ana yin hujin lumbar a cikin kashin baya don samun da nazarin samfurin ruwan shayin kwakwalwa. Hakanan likita zai iya yin odar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje kamar su duban dan tayi ko ƙirar hoto (CT).