Apo ultrasound yakanga isati yavapo, zvakanga zvakaoma zvikuru kunyatsocherechedza pamuviri. Pasina kupokana, yaive Ultrasound yakashandura mushonga wekuzvara. Iko mukana wekuona mwana mukati mechibereko uye kuona kukura uye kukura kwake. Mazhinji pathologies anogona kuonekwa kuburikidza ne ultrasound, kubva kumatambudziko asina kunaka kusvika kune mamwe mamiriro. The Down syndrome inoonekwa pa4d ultrasounduye bvumira kuziva mamiriro aya kubva pamuviri kuitira kuti usvike pakusununguka kwakanyatsogadzirirwa.
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze ultrasound sezvo tekinoroji iri kuramba ichikura uye ichishanduka. Nhasi, 2D kana matatu-dimensional ultrasound inowedzerwa kune yechinyakare 3D kana maviri-dimensional ultrasound, iyo inotibvumira kuona huwandu hwemwana. Uye pakati pemaultrasound echizvarwa chemazuva ano ndeye 4D ultrasound, iyo inoratidza mwana mumativi ake ose, kuwedzera mukana wekuona mwana ari mudumbu achifamba munguva chaiyo.
Chii chinonzi Down syndrome
Down syndrome chirwere chechromosomal chinokonzeresa kuremara kwenjere nehumwe hunhu hwemuviri hunoperekedzwa nematambudziko ehutano akasiyana, kubva mukuremara kwemoyo, kurasikirwa nekunzwa uye chirwere chethyroid. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, vanhu vane 46 chromosomes, akakamurwa kuita 23 pairs, musero rega rega.
Chromosomes zvikamu zvemasero ane majini, kureva, DNA inotakura ruzivo rwemajini kubva kuna amai nababa. DNA inosarudza unhu hwomunhu mumwe nomumwe. Peya imwe neimwe ine chromosome imwe kubva kuna amai uye imwe kubva kuna baba. Avo vanotambura nekuchinjwa kwechromosome 21 vave neimwe kopi yekromosome iyi, kureva kuti, vane imwe chromosome.
4D Ultrasound
Tichifunga nezvekushanduka-shanduka mukugadzirwa kweultrasound, 4D inobvumira kuwana zvimwe zviratidzo pamusoro pehutano hwemwana mukati mechibereko. Kunyange zvazvo iri ultrasound inogona kuitwa chero nguva mushure memavhiki gumi nemaviri ekuzvitakura, inokurudzirwa kuzviita pakati pevhiki makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemaviri kuitira kuti uwane mifananidzo yakanakisisa kubva mucheche akagadziridzwa asi panguva imwechete haana kuwana hukuru hwekupedzisira, saka mumifananidzo inoratidzika yakakwana (trunk nemagumo) uye kwete muzvikamu.
Kune rumwe rutivi, uye nekuda kwehuwandu hweamniotic fluid mu fetus, zvinokwanisika kuiona zviri nani sezvo iri mvura inobvumira kutapurirwa kwemafungu e ultrasound. Kana paine mvura shoma yakawandisa, chifananidzo chinenge chiri chemhando yakaderera.
Kupfuura izvozvo 4D Ultrasound inokubvumira kuona mwana muzvikamu zvitatu uye munguva chaiyo, iyi ultrasound haitsivi inosungirwa 2D ultrasounds. Zvingangodaro, kana kukanganisa kwechromosome 21 kwaonekwa, iyo Zvimiro zveDown syndrome zvinoonekwa pa4D ultrasound inogona kucherechedzwa nemazvo.
Down syndrome inoratidzira pa4D ultrasound
Avo vanouya ku4D ultrasound vachifungira nyaya yeDown Syndrome vangangove vakatoita 12-vhiki yeultrasound, uko kwave kutokwanisika kuona chero kusanzwisisika. Ipapo ndipo panoitwa iyo inonzi nuchal translucency, chidzidzo umo nuchal fold inoyerwa sezvo ichi chakakosha ultrasound chiratidzo chekuchinja kwemajini senge Down syndrome. Muchidzidzo ichi, bhonzo remhuno, ductus venosus uye tricuspid vharafu zvinodzidzwawo, pamwe nedzimwe nhengo dze "fetus", nhengo, dehenya, dumbu, dundira nedumbu. Kubva pane zvinoonekwa, kuongororwa kwezvingangoitika kunoitwa.
ari Zvimiro zveDown syndrome zvinoonekwa pa4D ultrasound Vanobvumira kusimbisa kuongororwa, sezvo mune iyi ultrasound mwana anoonekwa muhukuru hwake hwose, achikwanisawo kuona zvakajeka kuonekwa kwake uye maitiro emuviri zvakajeka. 4D ultrasound inokubvumira kuti uone morphology ye fetus zvakajeka. Inogonawo kuona chirwere chemoyo chinogona kuitika uye kusakwana kwekuzvarwa. Kunyange naro, zvinokwanisika kuona muromo wakatsemuka uye kukanganisa mukuumbwa kwenzeve uye munzvimbo yetsoka, yakadai seyo inonzi "club foot". Nekudaro, mune iyo Down Syndrome. ichava nuchal translucency kana amniocentesis iyo ichakwanisa kupa kuongororwa kwakanyatsojeka.