Na pamuviri, kunyanya kana iri yekutanga, unodzidza zvinhu zvitsva zvakawanda. Panguva yerwendo rwekuzvara mwana, iwe uchasangana neshoko rokuti "amniocentesis". Kuziva kuti zvinoreva?.
Amniocentesis inobva pakubatanidzwa kwemazwi anoti "amnio" (envelopu ye embryo) uye "centesis" (puncture) uye inosanganisira nzira ye bvisa amniotic fluid kuburikidza nekupinza kudiki. Asi bvunzo iyi ndeyei? Zvine ngozi here? Zvinoita here kusarudza kana uye rini kuzviisa pasi payo? Migumisiro yacho ndeipi? Tinopindura mibvunzo yese iyi munyaya yacho.
Chii chinonzi amniocentesis?
La amniocentesis bvunzo ine a inoratidza transabdominal jekiseni shoma shoma ye amniotic fluid, mvura inotenderedza nekudzivirira mwana ari mudumbu.
Nemaitiro aya, biological samples inowanikwa inobvumira izvo zvinodaidzwa prenatal diagnosis. Inotibvumira kuziva kuvapo kwe congenital anomalies (saiye Down Chirwere, Patau syndrome kana Edwards syndrome) kana zvirwere zvemajini (zvakadai se cystic fibrosis, Duchenne-Becker tsandanyama dystrophy, thalassemia, phenylketonuria).
Amniocentesis inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuita biochemical test inotarisirwa kuongororwa kukanganisa mune metabolism y zvirwere zvinotapukira ye fetus. Masero eFetal aripo mumuenzaniso wemvura wakatorwa ndiwo inorimwa in vitro uye oongororwa machromosomes kuti aone chero abnormalities, achitsvaga chaiyo genetic mutations.
Kutenda kuongororwa kweamniotic fluid yakabviswa, iyo fetal karyotype, ndiko kuti, chromosomal yayo "identity card". Kana kuongororwa kweamniotic fluid kunoratidza kuvapo kwekusagadzikana mu fetal karyotype, vabereki vanogona kusarudza, vachitsigirwa navanachiremba, kuenderera mberi nemimba kana kuibvisa.
Ndeapi marudzi eamniocentesis aripo?
Nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwesainzi nemushonga, nhasi tine mukana mhando dzakasiyana dzeamniocentesis izvo zvinotibvumira kuongorora nhamba inowedzera yeanomalies uye nekuwedzera nemazvo. Ngatitaure nezve amniocentesis:
- Tsika
- Molecular (molecular karyotype)
- Genomics
With the tsika Amniocentesis, Chromosomal abnormalities inoongororwa nekudzidza karyotype ye fetus. Masero eFetal aripo mumuenzaniso wemvura yakabviswa anobatwa nein vitro tsika kwemazuva gumi nemashanu-15 uye anoongororwa kuti ane chromosomal abnormalities kana kuti genetic mutations.
El molecular karyotype Yakaunzwa nguva pfupi yadarika uye inzira nyowani inokwanisa kuongorora huwandu hukuru hwepathologies zvakanyanya uye nekukurumidza. Muchokwadi, zvinongotora mazuva 2-3 kuti uwane mhedzisiro yebvunzo iyi, izvo zvinotitendera kuti tiwane mushumo nekukurumidza kupfuura nekuongorora kwechinyakare.
Genomic amniocentesis inozivikanwawo se GDPR– New Generation Prenatal Diagnosis. Vazhinji vanoidaidzawo kuti "super amniocentesis" sezvo ichibvumira mhedzisiro uye yakadzama mibairo kana ichienzaniswa nemolecular karyotyping. Ese machromosome microdefects uye exome abnormalities anogona kukonzera kunyangwe akanyanya kuomarara syndromes anodzidzwa.
Ungazviita sei?
Kuongorora kunofanirwa kuitwa nea nyanzvi (uye kwete yenguva dzose gynecologist), uye kuchipatara kazhinji hazvidiwi. Inonzi a minimally invasive maitiro nekuti kunosanganisira kupinza tsono nemudumbu raamai muchibereko.
Sampling inoitwa pavari kunze uye kuti ugadzirire zvirinani, heino "mepu" diki yemabatiro anoita amniocentesis:
- Kutanga, a Ultrasound kutarisa kwemoyo.
- Nguva yekuzvitakura uye nzvimbo ye fetus, placenta, uye mvura yacho amniotic.
- Sampling nzvimbo inosarudzwa, musoro kure nebeche nebeche.
- Inoiswa disinfected pa mari nzvimbo yedumbu.
- Isu tinoenderera, pasi pe ultrasound control, kutora iyo sampuli (anenge 20ml).
- Iyo tsono inobviswa uye kuyerera kunotariswa zvakare. hukura fetal.
Inguva yakareba sei?
La nguva yeamniocentesis ndiyo 30 - 45 maminitsi akawanda, kusanganisira ultrasound. Zvinetso zvidiki zvinogona kumuka, semuenzaniso, kana placenta yakamira pamberi pechibereko kana amai rh negative. Muchiitiko ichi, kutungamirirwa kwe-anti-D immunoglobulin kwakakosha kudzivirira inogona kuitika Rh immunoglobulin.
Chii chaunofanira kuita (uye chii chisingafaniri kuita) mushure me amniocentesis
Inokurudzirwa kumadzimai emangwana zorora kwemazuva maviri mushure me amniocentesis, kudzivisa chero kushingaira uye zvichida kuramba wakadzikama kumba.
Zvakanaka kuziva zvimwe zviratidzo iyo inogona kuoneka mushure mekutora sampuli yeropa, uye iyo inomiririra "zviratidzo zvealarm": kana zvikaonekwa, iwe unofanirwa kukurumidza kubata an zvokurapa . Ngatitaure nezve:
- Zvinotsausa
- Tsvina
- Kurasikirwa neropa
- kubuda kweamniotic fluid
- Fivha
- Shanduko mukuona kwekufamba kwe fetal
Amniocentesis inorwadza here?
Iyi nzira haidi kushandiswa kwemarwadzo ekurwadziwa nokuti hairwadzi kuna mai vanozviita. Vanogona kuonekwa kusagadzikana pakupinza tsono, sevaya vanonzwa netsvimbo. Iyo geji yetsono inoshandiswa kune amniocentesis yakanaka kwazvo uye kureba kwayo kunosvika 20 cm.