¿Mabatiro echinyoreso nemazvo uye kuti ungabatsira sei vana kudzivirira 'chirwere' kutanga kunyora? Dr. Angela Zerbino, nyanzvi yokurapa kutaura, anotsanangura matanho akanakisisa okutevera.
Sezvinotaura Zerbino, kudzidza kubata penzura hakufaniri kuitwa muvana vose panguva imwe chete. Mwana wega wega ane kukurumidza kwekudzidza uye dzimwe nguva vanoenda nekukurumidza mune zvimwe zvinhu uye zvishoma mune zvimwe. Inofanira kuitwa nguva dzose neruremekedzo uye zvishoma nezvishoma. Nenzira iyi inoderedza njodzi ye dysgraphia.
1. Tora penzura nemazvo
Vana havadzidzi kubata zvinyoreso nemazvo kubva pazuva rekutanga. Muchokwadi kune kazhinji nhanho shoma vasati vadzidza kuzviita nemazvo. Zvino tinotsanangura kuti izvi zvii matanho :
- Pakutanga, shandisa mano, kubata penzura nechanza chese cheruoko (pasina kushandisa zvigunwe). Izvi zvinoderedza kufamba kwemwana uye munda wekuona kwechiratidzo chaunoita pabadza. Anoita mafambiro kamwe kamwe uye haaoni mugumisiro wezvaanoita kusvikira asimudza ruoko rwake.
- Danho rechipiri rinowanzoita kotamisa gokora. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti uite zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvemitsara nekuti inofambisa ruoko rwako rwese.
- Kazhinji, danho rinotevera nderokubata zvishoma nezvishoma penzura neminwe yako.
- Pakupedzisira, anosvika pakushorwa nechigunwe chechigunwe chaanotokwanisa kudzora chaanoda kudhirowa. Kazhinji vanobata peni nedivi nechigunwe chepakati. Iyo pincer grip, inenge 2 cm kubva kumusoro, inomiririra kubata kwakarurama kuti mwana anofanira kubudirira.
2. Mamiriro
Chimiro chakarurama chekucherechedza nekudzidzisa mwana kubata penzura ndeichi:
- tsoka dzakadzika pasi,
- kugara zvakanaka,
- torso yakatwasuka uye zvishoma yakasendamira mberi, asi isina kuzembera patafura,
- mapendekete akasununguka,
- magokora ese ari patafura,
- ruoko rusinganyore runofanira "kuzorora", vhura pabepa (ndiwo mabatiro avanoita bepa) uye pasi peruoko rwekunyora.
3. Dzivisa "alterations" paunenge uchinyora
La dzvinyiriro kushandiswa kana nzira yekubata penzura ndeye determinants nokuda kwakarurama graphic execution. Vana vazhinji havanyatso kuzviita nemazvo uye zvinotungamira mukutadza kubata, zvichiita kuti vasazive kunyora kana kudhirowa. Izvi zvinogona uye zvinofanira kugadziriswa.
Bata penzura neminwe yako muchimiro che "flat clamp"
Kushaikwa kwekuchinjika kwechigunwe nechigunwe chemunwe kunoitika kana vana vakabata penzura neminwe yavo yakatwasuka, pasina kuchinjika (flat, sembatya) inotungamira kune kushaya simba kwemotokari uye kusagadzikana yepenzura.
Nyora kubva pamusoro pemutsara wekudhirowa kana tsamba
Tsika yekukwevera kunze kwemutsara wekudhirowa inofanirawo kugadziriswa. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti wrist inochinjika mukati zvakanyanya. Zvinonyanya kuitika kune vana vari kuruboshwe. Inogona kugadziriswa nekupeta blade kurudyi.
Dzvanya blade zvakanyanya
Nezvekumanikidza kunoitwa pablade, kana iwe ukaona kuti yakawandisa, unogona kuisa kadhibhodhi pasi pepepa kana kushandisa mapepa matete zvikuru zvekuti inotyoka kana mwana akatsikirira zvakanyanya. Nenzira iyi iwe unozoona simba raanoshandisa uye uchakwanisa kuidzora kusvika wawana kuti blade haityoke.
Dzvanya blade zvishoma
Kusiyana neizvi, kana pepa racho risingabatisi zvakanaka, unogona kuisa pepa rejecha kana nzvimbo isina kuenzana pasi pepepa raunoshandisa kupenda kuti uwedzere kurambana nekunyora mafambiro. Nekudaro, iwe unofanirwa kurairwa kuti uedze kuisa zvakanyanya kumanikidza kuti iwe haufanirwe kuisa iyo "plus" pasi pebepa raunopenda.
4. Maekisesaizi
Zvakakosha chitima kusimudzira kwakabatana kwehunyanzvi hwepasi rose mota, hunyanzvi hwemotokari, chimiro chemuviri, kutaridzika kwenzvimbo uye oculocontrol kurongeka kubvira kindergarten. Heano mamwe maekisesaizi kupa zano kuvana vanozovabatsira munzira iyi:
- Kudzidzira zvepasi rose: kukanda uye kubata bhora, kurovedza muviri kuziva, nezvimwe.
- Motokari yakanaka: gurwa nechigero, tevera mazes nepenzura, dhijitari kubata kwezvinhu, nezvimwe ...
- Eye-hand coordination exercises: batanidza madotsi maviri, chengetedza penzura panzvimbo yekuruboshwe uye utarise panzvimbo yakarurama apo penzura inofanira kupera, ita mutsara wakarurama (nenzira iyi ndiyo maziso anodzidza kutungamirira ruoko uye kwete imwe nzira).
- Pictographic uye zviitwa zvekudhirowa.
- Kudzidzira rectilinear uye geometric nzira.
- Pre - graphic maekisesaizi: denderedzwa mafambiro, garland mafambiro, nezvimwe ...
5. Zvishandiso zvaunoshandisa zvakakoshawo
Pakutanga zviri nani kushandisa mapenzura triangular, ergonomic uye yakakura. Nokudaro vane chimiro chezvikamu zvitatu zvekutsigira (chigunwe, index uye pakati). Kune eraser anoiswa pamapenzura uye ane chimiro ichi.
Mwana anofanira kukwanisa kushandisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana (bhurasho, choko, mapenzura) kuti anzwe manzwiro akasiyana-siyana ekutenheka uye misiyano yedzvinyiriro inodikanwa chimwe nechimwe.
6. Vana veruboshwe
Zvese zvatataura zvinoshandawo kune vakasara. Kunyangwe zvidzitiro zvinogona kuwedzerwa kumapenzura, zviripo kune zvese-kurudyi nekuruboshwe-ruoko.