Nhau dze nhumbu mapatya Inogona kuburitsa kushamisika kwekutanga kuchiteverwa nedhivhosi miviri yemufaro uye akawanda manzwiro, asi zvakare zvinowanzoitika gadzira kusahadzika kwakawanda. An Ultrasound ichaona kana pane mwana mumwe chete kana akati wandei. Kana zvasvika kune vacheche vaviri, panogona kazhinji kuve nekuvhiringidzika, sezvo inogona kunge yakafanana kana mapatya ehama.
Musiyano uripo pakati pemhando mbiri dzepamuviri dzakawanda uripo huwandu hwemazai akasanganiswa kana kuti zygote imwechete inoumbwa panguva yekuzvitakura rave kupatsanurwa kuita mazai maviri. Tinoongorora kuti mhando dzenhumbu dzemapatya idzi dzakaita sei.
Univiteline mapatya
Mune univitelline mapatya emimba, iyo zygote mafomu mushure kubatana kwezai rimwe chete nembeu uye izvi inopatsanurwa mushure mekudyara ichigadzira mazai maviri akafanana. Mapatya akafanana vagovana maitiro avo ekuberekwa saka vanenge vakafanana panyama. Ichokwadi chinoitika muzviitiko zvishomanana, pakati pe25%.
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemapatya euniviteline zvinoenderana nekuti zygote inoparadzaniswa riini:
- Bichorial uye diamniotic: kunoitika mazuva matatu mushure mekusangana. Ma "embryos" anodyiwa ne placenta imwechete uye imwe neimwe ine amniotic sac yayo.
- Monochorionic uye monoamniotic: Zvinoitika pakati pezuva rechinomwe neregumi nematatu uye apo "embryos" anogovana placenta imwechete uye amniotic sac imwechete. Ndipo pakaita kupatsanurwa kwemasero mamwechete.
Zvinofadza chokwadi nezvemapatya akafanana
Mumhando iyi yekuparadzanisa, nyaya ye "mapatya anonyangarika" apo imwe ye embryo haipedzi kukura uye inopedzisira yabatwa naamai, nebatya ravo, kana kuti nebeche. Zvakaonekwa kuti muchikamu chechipiri mafetus maviri anoonekwa uye mune inotevera inotevera ultrasound imwe yadzo yakanyangarika.
Chimwe chinoda kuziva uye chisingawanzo chokwadi ndicho chinonzi "situs inversus" uko vana vanozvarwa vari mapatya uye nhengo dzakaumbwa nenzira yakasiyana. Vanogona kuita zvakapesana muhupenyu hwavo (reverse psychology), nepo mumwe ari kuruboshwe, mumwe ari ruoko-kurudyi, kana kuti vanogona kurara kumashure.
Biviteline mapatya
Biviteline nhumbu inoitika kana mavuvu maviri akasangana nembeu mbiri dzakasiyana, achiumba ma zygotes maviri mumasaga maviri akasiyana. Zvinowanzoitika mu70% yemimba yemapatya. Zai rega rega rinodyara muchibereko rakazvimiririra. mukati mesaga rako rekubata uye rako rako amniotic sac uye placenta. Rudzi rwemapatya ndirwo rwunonyanya kuwanikwa. Iyo biviteline mapatya anowanzo kudaidzwa Mapatya.
Mukana wemimba yemapatya unowedzera kana mazygote maviri akaiswa muchibereko chaamai panguva imwe chete. Pane chokwadi chinoda kuziva mumapatya ehama, kubvira vanogona kunge vakasiyana pabonde. Panhumbu zana dzoga dzoga dzine hunhu uhwu, dzinowanzova dzevarume nevakadzi vakasiyana kana kuti dzinogona kupindirana mukuva varume vaviri kana vakadzi vaviri.
Mabiviteline mapatya akafanana here kana akasiyana?
Mapatya ane ruzivo rwakasiyana rwemagene saka havana kufanana panyama. Vanogona kunge vakasiyana pabonde sezvatakaongorora. Kufanana kwavo kwemuviri kwakafanana nekwevaviri vehama, kunyangwe paine zviitiko zvavanogonawo kuzvarwa zvakafanana, asi havazove mapatya egirazi. Aya mapatya anonziwo mapatya ehama kana dizygotic.
Ungaziva sei kana vari univitelino kana bivitelino mapatya?
Dzimwe nguva zvinonetsa kusiyanisa kana mapatya ari bivitelline kana univitelline. Kana vacheche vari vebonde rakasiyana, ivo biviteline mapatya kubvira mapatya eunivitelino vanogara vari vebonde rimwe chete.
Kana vana vacho vari vebonde rimwe chete, vanenge vari mapatya univitelinos kana vachigovana bhegi rekunze kana mabhegi ese ari maviri. Iyi data inogona kugadzirwa neyakajairwa ultrasound uye kuongorora ese aya data.
Kana paine kusahadzika chiremba anoita Kuongororwa ropa kutora boka reropa. Kana boka reropa rakasiyana vachava mapatya. Kana mhedzisiro yekuongororwa isina kukwana, yekupedzisira sarudzo kuita a bvunzo yeDNA.
Musiyano pakati pemapatya akafanana neehama
Kuti tipe zvakawanda zvekuda kuziva pakati pemhando mbiri idzi dzepamuviri pemapatya, tichapedzisa nemisiyano yakajeka iyo ichave yakanyanya kukosha uye inopedzisa.
Bonde revacheche
Vasati vaberekwa, hutano hwevana vasati vaberekwa hunogona kuonekwa. Kana vanhukadzi vakasiyana, hapana mubvunzo kuti mapatya. kana mapatya ehama. Asi kana vari vemunhurume mumwe chete pachave nekusahadzika kuti vangangofanana here, sezvo mapatya anogona kunge ari ega. Isu taizofanira kuongorora ne ultrasound kuti vanogovera amniotic sac kana kwete.
Amniotic sac uye placenta
Mupamuviri pemapatya, sezvo rimwe nerimwe rema embryos rakagadzirwa nezai rayo nembeu, zvine musoro zvichaiswa zvakazvimiririra muchibereko. Nenzira iyi mumwe nemumwe achagadzira yavo amniotic sac uye placenta.
Panyaya yemapatya akafanana pane zviitiko zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya:
- Zvinogona kuitika kuti embryos vanowanzogovana zvakafanana amniotic sac uye placenta, izvi zvinowanzoitika pakati pemazuva 7 kusvika ku13 mushure mekusangana. Asi kunyange zvikaitika, nguva yemberi ingava nemigumisiro pakuberekwa kwavo, sezvo pangava nenyaya yemapatya eSiamese (apo anoberekwa akabatana mumuviri) kana kuti chirwere chokuisira ropa chingaitika.
- Panguva yekuparadzaniswa kwezygote, embryos inoumbwa uye imwe neimwe inogona kugadzira yavo amniotic sac uye yavo placenta.
- Pakati pezuva rechina kana rechinomwe vana vanogona kuva neamniotic sac yavo, asi vanogovana placenta imwe chete. Iyi ndiyo mamiriro ezvinhu anowanzoitika mu90% yezviitiko.
Imwe dhata inogona kuita kuti vatarise ndepavanozvarwa uye chimiro chavo chemuviri chiongororwa. Kana dzakanyatsofanana, ndiyo nguva vakaberekwa vaine masikirwo akafanana uye naizvozvo varipo mapatya akafanana. Kune rumwe rutivi, vanogona kuva mapatya, asi munyaya iyi vanogovana 50% yeDNA uye vanonyatsosiyanisa, kunyange zvazvo pane zviitiko zvavanogona kutarisa zvakafanana. Ivowo havagoverane boka rimwe chete reropa.