Mafirosofi evana. Sei zvichikosha kudzidzisa vana kuita huzivi?

Pachinyakare, huzivi hwakafungidzirwa sedambudziko rakaoma uye risinganzwisisike, rakajairika repfungwa dzakanaka uye risingakodzere vana vadiki. Hapana chingave chinopfuura icho kubva pachokwadi. Philosophy inotidzidzisa kufunga, kubvunza, kutora mhedziso, kushandisa mhinduro dzakakomba kumatambudziko ezuva nezuva.  

Uye kana tikafunga nezvazvo nokungwarira, handizvo here zvinoitwa nevana kubva pazera diki kwazvo? Vana vanozvarwa vaine ruzivo rwekuzvarwa kuziva nyika yakavapoteredza uye ivo vanopedza makore ekutanga ehupenyu hwavo vachishamisika kuti sei zvinhu zviri. Mafungiro, asiri kure kure neayo evazivi vakuru, vane pfungwa dzakavakirwa pakutsvaga mhinduro kumimwe mibvunzo. Naizvozvo, vana vanogona kunge vazivi, anokwanisa kubvunza zvinenge zvese uye nekuwana mhinduro dzinoshamisa kumibvunzo inomuka.

Sei zvichikosha kudzidzisa vana kuita huzivi?

Philosophy mukirasi inoonekwa seyakanyanya nyaya. Vadzidzi vanofanirwa kudzidza mafirosofi nguva, mazita, nhoroondo, uye pfungwa dzevanofunga zvikuru. Zvisinei, dzidziso yeuzivi haifanirwe kungogumira pakudzokorora mitsara uye pfungwa dzevamwe. Vadzidzi vanofanirwa kudzidziswa kufunga, kubvunza mibvunzo, uye kutsoropodza. Ndokunge, kuti uzive.

Matthew Lipman's Philosophy yeVana Chirongwa

Izvi zvaive zvatoonekwa, kumashure kuma80, nemuzivi uye mudzidzisi Matthew Lipman, mugadziri we "Philosophy yeVana" chirongwa. Lipman, purofesa weyunivhesiti, akaona kuti vadzidzi vake vaikwanisa kudzokorora nhoroondo yese yehungwaru nemoyo, asi vakatadza kuita mafirosofi. Izvi zvakamuita kuti afunge kuti zvaive muzvikoro maanofanira kutanga kudzidzisa funga, bvunza mibvunzo, uye uwane mhinduro dzine musoro. 

Kubva pakutenda uku, Lipman akagadzira akateedzana e uzivi ngano dzinoitirwa vana pakati pemakore gumi nerimwe negumi nemaviri, chinangwa chavo chaive chekuvadzidzisa kutsoropodza, kuvakurudzira kuti vazvibvunze mibvunzo uye kuyedza kuipindura. Iwo mabhuku akasvika kuzvikoro zvakasiyana siyana zveveruzhinji uye muzivi akadzidza kwegore mhedzisiro yeaya kuverenga pane vana.

Zvakaguma nei?

Lipman akacherekedza kuti zvakanakira kufilosofi zvakaratidzirwa munzvimbo dzese dzeruzivo. Chikonzero, mumashoko ake, chaive icho «Philosophy ndiko kurangwa kunosimudza generic mibvunzo iyo inogona kushanda seyakaunza kune mamwe madhiri ».

Muzvinafundo Lipman, akakwanisa kuratidza kukosha kwehunyanzvi kubva paudiki uye chirongwa chake chavepo munyika makumi mana.

Parizvino, vamwe vanyori vakaita saJordi Nomen, purofesa weFilosofi uye munyori webhuku "Mwana Wezivi", ramba uchishanda mumutsara uyu. Nomen anosimbisa kuti "Kuti tibatsire pane zvakajairika, isu tinofanirwa kukwanisa kufunga zvine hunyanzvi uye zvine hungwaru, nehunyanzvi. Uye icho chinhu chinodzidziswa pazera rechikoro kana kusadzidzwa ”. 

Zvakanakira kudzidzisa vana kufilosofi

• Philosophy inodzidzisa vana kuva kutsoropodza uye kuratidza. Kuti vazvifungire ivo kubva pazera diki kwazvo, vachisimbisa kuzvitonga kwavo nekuvapa maturusi kuitira kuti pasave neanofunga nezvavo.
• Kune akati wandei maficha ezve uzivi ayo ari iwo hwaro hwezvimwe zvidzidzo. Philosophy inodzidzisa iwe kubvunza mibvunzo, kuongorora, kugadzira fungidziro uye kutora mhedziso.
• Inovandudza kugona kwe mubvunzo chokwadi chechokwadi uye zvirevo. Izvo zvakare zvinogadzira nharo nzira.
• Mufilosofi iko kukanganisa hakurangwi asi, iyo sosi yekudzidza. Kana vachikanganisa, vana vanofunga nezvekuti nei chimwe chinhu chisiri chechokwadi uye vanotsvaga mhinduro dzekuchigadzirisa. Izvi zvine kukosha kwakakosha pakudzidzisa uye zvinobvumidza kuwedzera kuzvivimba kwevana.
• Philosophize kunatsiridza mazwi, kunyora nekutaura mazano.
• Iyo inotibvumidza isu kubvunza nezve zvatiri isu uye inosimbisa iyo kunzwisisa kwepfungwa nekuzviziva iwe zvirinani.

Sei mafirosofi semhuri

Kudzidzisa vana vako kufilosofi hakuna kuomarara sezvazvinoratidzika. Iwe unofanirwa kurega inoyerera iyo yechisikigo yekuda kuziva kwevana vako uye tora mukana wazvo kuishandura kuita chishandiso chekufunga.

Zvakakosha kuti tidzidze taura zvishoma uye teerera zvakanyanya. Rega vana vako vakubvunze mibvunzo, asi usape mhinduro yakavharika. Pane kudaro, bvunza, iwe unofungei? Kana iwe unofungei?

Chimwe chishandiso ndechekubvunza vana vako mibvunzo inotokonya pfungwa. Pane musiyano mukuru pakati pekubvunza mubvunzo wakavharwa se "Wadyei kuchikoro nhasi?" kuumba yakavhurika senge "Imbwa inogona kuseka here?"

Vhura mibvunzo, ingave yakabvunzwa nevabereki kana nevana pachavo, ndiyo nzira yekutanga mufilosofi, kudzidza kufunga uye kuratidza.

Vana vanofanirawo kudzidza izvo haisi mibvunzo yese ine mhinduro. Chinhu chakajairika ndechekuti pavanobvunza vanotsvaga kuchengetedzeka kwemhinduro yevakuru, asi zvinofanirwa kuvadzidzisa kuti dzimwe nguva mibvunzo iyi haina mhinduro kana kuti vanofanirwa kuzviwanira vega.

Shandisa zvishandiso senge hunyanzvi, mitambo kana nyaya.

Kuburikidza nehunyanzvi, vana vanogona kukokwa tsanangura izvo zvavanoona uye izvo basa rinoendesa kwavari. Kana ivo vanogona zvakare kukurudzirwa kuti vagadzire ravo vega basa zvichibva pakufungidzira kwavo, mazano uye pfungwa.

ari nyaya chishandiso chakasimba chekufungidzira. Unofunga kuti sei mutambi mukuru akaita seizvi? Iwe unofunga ndingadai ndakazviita zvakasiyana here? Iwe ungadai wakaita sei? Tinogona kutochinja nyaya dzakadai, senge nyaya inozivikanwa yeLittle Red Riding Hood, iyo Jordi Nomen inoshanduka ichichinja kuita nyaya yeRed Red Riding Hood yakataurwa nemhumhi. Munyaya iyi, bere rinoratidzwa semunhu anotambudzwa pane kuita zvehasha, izvo zvinogona kutibatsira kufunga nevana vedu kuti tinofanira kugara takanamatira neshanduro dzavanotiudza here kana tichifanira kushoropodza uye kufunga dzimwe mhinduro.

Mitambo chinhu chakakosha sosi yekudzidza kuita uzivi. Kutamba mitambo tinonakidzwa, tinodzidza nekuvandudza hunyanzvi hwakasiyana uye kugona. Zvekuti vana vako vadzidze kufilosofi, sarudza mitambo inoita kuti vafunge, bvunza mibvunzo, gakava, nharo, teerera uye gadzira kugona.