Iintsana zilala iiyure ezininzi ngosuku, zahlulwe phakathi kwemini nokulala ebusuku. Njengoko bekhula, i Amanqanaba okulala ebantwaneni iqala ukufana neendlela zokulala zabantu abadala. Ewe kunjalo, oku kwenzeka ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye njengoko bekhula.
Umntu uchitha i-avareji yesithathu yobomi bakhe elele, ukulala ngumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu njengoko unceda umzimba ukuba uphinde ufumane ulungelelwaniso lwangaphakathi, kokubini ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni. Inkqubo ye- imikhwa elungileyo yokulala zibalulekile ukuze uphile ubomi obupheleleyo nobusempilweni. Ukulala kubalulekile ekukhuleni komntwana kwaye yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba wazi imijikelo yokulala ebantwaneni ukulungiselela ukukhuthaza ukuphumla okuhle.
Ukulala kwe-REM kunye ne-non-REM
Ngaba uyazi iipateni zokulala eziqhelekileyo esinazo sonke? Inkqubo ye- Amanqanaba okulala ebantwaneni ziyafana nezabantu abadala. Ukulala kwahlulwe kwangamanqanaba amabini: ukulala okungengu-REM kunye nokulala kwe-REM, eyokuqala luhlobo lokulala apho umzimba ulinganisa ukunxiba komzimba kunye nokukrazuka kosuku.
Kubusuku obuqhelekileyo bokulala iiyure ezi-8, umntu omdala une-5 ukuya kwi-6 imijikelezo yokulala. Kumjikelo ngamnye, uqala ngokulala ngaphandle kwe-REM kunye nezigaba zayo ezi-3 emva koko ufike ukulala kwe-REM. Nje ukuba umjikelo ugqityiwe, kwenzeka "ukuvusa okuncinci", nangona kungekho mntu unokukhumbula oko kuba umntu uphinde alale ngoko nangoko.
Njengoko besitshilo, ukulala ngaphandle kwe-REM kwahlulwe kwangamanqanaba ama-3:
- Isigaba 1: luhlobo lokukhanya kunye nokulala ixesha elifutshane. Kwenzeka xa uvale amehlo akho kwaye inguquko phakathi kokuvuka kunye nokungena kobuthongo obunzulu. Yinkqubo yotshintsho ukusuka ekuvukeni ukuya ekulaleni. Ukuba uyabajonga ubuthongo babantwana, uya kuba nakho ukuqaphela eli nqanaba liphantsi xa abantwana beqala ukuvala kwaye bavule amehlo, eloxesha apho bengavukanga ngokupheleleyo kodwa bengalelanga futhi.
- Isigaba 2: kwesi sigaba, umzimba uqala ukuphumla uphinde ufumane amandla, nangona ungekabikho kwelona nqanaba lisezantsi. Isigaba 2 sesona side.
- Isigaba 3: lelona nqanaba lokulala lilele nzulu, indawo yokuhlala apho kunzima kakhulu ukuvusa umntu. Kwindaba ye Amanqanaba okulala ebantwaneni ubusuku obothusayo kunye nokungalali kunokuvela, kuqhelekile ebantwaneni.
Kwimeko yokulala kwe-REM, sisigaba apho amaphupha namaphupha amdlalayo, kunye nomzuzu womjikelo apho "ioyile" inkumbulo, zombini ukukhumbula okanye ukulibala ulwazi.
Linjani iphupha labantwana?
Njengoko besesitshilo ngasentla, njengoko abantwana bekhula umjikelo wokulala ngokusondeleyo ifana naleyo yabantu abadala. Amanqanaba okulala ebantwaneni ayahluka ngokobudala kwaye awafani kuyo yonke iminyaka.
Usana olutsha lulala iiyure ezininzi ngosuku nangona ngovuko olufutshane noluthe rhoqo. Malunga neenyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6, umntwana uqala ukucwangcisa ukulala ngokunxulumene neendlela zakhe kwaye ukulala kwe-REM kukude kunakwimeko yabantu abadala kuba linqanaba lokufunda kakuhle apho umntwana efuna ixesha lokucwangcisa ulwazi. Inkqubo ye- umjikelo wokulala kwiintsana Iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 zitshintshiwe kule minyaka kwaye xa umntwana ekubhalisa ukungabikho kwabazali, nangona ukulala kulawulwa kwakhona phakathi kweenyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-24, malunga neeyure ezili-15 zokulala zahlulwe phakathi kobuthongo nobusuku. Kule nqanaba, ukulala kwe-REM kuqala ukufutshane.
Ngokuphathelele Amanqanaba okulala ebantwaneni Ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-5, umndilili weeyure ezili-11 kwaye ukusukela kwiminyaka emi-3 ubudala kunqabile ukuba bavuke ebusuku, ukuba nje abantwana bafumene imikhwa elungileyo yokulala. Ukusukela kwiminyaka ye-5, ixesha lezigaba zokulala ziyafana nezomntu omdala kwaye nangona kukho abantwana abasalalayo, abanye abaninzi abasenzi njalo.