Ukuba ucinga ukubhalisa abantwana bakho kunyaka olandelayo, Izikolo zaseMontessori lukhetho olunokuqwalaselwa. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu owamkela iindlela zabo zokufundisa, yonke into iya kuxhomekeka kukhetho lwabazali, nakwindlela yokufundisa ofuna abantwana bakho bayifumane.
Izikolo zaseMontessori basebenzisa njengoko unokuthekelela enye indlela xa kujongwe ukungoneli okuqhelekileyo okukhoyo kwiikharityhulam zangoku zamaziko amaninzi. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, banodumo kwaye ngoku basasazeke kulo lonke ihlabathi. Nokuba useSpain, eYurophu okanye eMelika uya kulufumana olu hlobo lwezikolo esifuna ukuthetha nawe ngazo.Madres Hoy». Siyakumema ukuba uqaphele ukuba umxholo unomdla kuwe.
Imvelaphi yezikolo zaseMontessori
UMaría Montessori kunye nabafundi bakhe
Izikolo zaseMontessori Imvelaphi yabo ibangelwe ngutitshala, umfundisi-ntsapho kunye nogqirha uMaría Montessori. Ukusuka kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-Pedagogy of Responsability, waqala ngayo yonke into yokulungisa iintsika zemfundo ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Ukuhlala e-Itali apho ukungalingani kwezentlalo kuphezulu kakhulu, waguqula izikhokelo kwaye wagxila kunyango nakwimfundo yabantwana ngokwabo.
Umsebenzi wakhe yaqala kwizidalwa ezinemida yentlalo okanye ethile. Ingcinga yakhe yayikukubahlanganisa, kwaye abanike izakhono ezaneleyo zokuziva beluncedo, bezimele, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, babe luncedo eluntwini. Ukusuka kwezi zimiso, wakwazi ukuvusa inguquko kwisazela.
Sifumanise ukuba imfundo kunye nokufunda asiyonto ayenzayo utitshala, kodwa yinto ekhula ngokuzenzekelayo kumntwana ngokwakhe.
UMaria Montessori
Isicelo sakhe semfundo sasisekwe kwii-axes ezintathu ezisisiseko.
- Uthando njengesicwangciso-qhinga sokuphembelela umoya womntwana ukumbeka emhlabeni, ukumnika ukuqaphela, ukomelela kunye nokhuseleko ukuze akwazi ukuvula umhlaba.
- Indalo: Kuyimfuneko ukubonelela abafundi ngendawo egcweleyo inkuthazo abanokufunda kuyo ukuba uluntu lunjani ezibangqongileyo, kunye nehlabathi ngokwalo.
- Imeko yomntwana: olu lwalamano lusisiseko kwaye lubalulekile. Umntwana kufuneka azive ekhululekile ukuphonononga, ukufunda. Umntu omdala sisikhokelo sakhe kunye nomququzeleli wakhe, kodwa ngumfundi ngokwakhe ophuhlisa ezakhe iindlela zokufumanisa nokufunda.
Izembe ezisisiseko kwizikolo zaseMontessori
Ikharityhulam idityanisiwe
Igumbi lokufundela kwisikolo seendlela zaseMontessori yindawo yokusebenza eqhelekileyo. Kwindawo nganye yolwazi, zonke iindlela zekharityhulam ezahlukeneyo ziyahlanganiswa.: ukukhula kwemoto, imfundo ngokweemvakalelo, ukuqalisa ukufunda, ukufumanisa imathematika ...
Nawuphi na umsebenzi kukufumanisa apho ukhuthaza ukufunda kuyo yonke imimandla. Utitshala usebenza njengesikhokelo kwaye ukhuthaza ukufunyanwa kwezakhono ezisisiseko.
Uqwalaselo lomntu ngamnye
Eklasini, njengoko besesibonisile ngaphambili, inkululeko yomntwana yokuphonononga iyathandwa. Ngoku, ukunika inkululeko akuxoleli uxanduva lokuhoya umntwana ngamnye ngokwabo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo.
I-Montessori pedagogy isekwe kuxanduva kodwa kuthando kunye nokwamkelwa. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uchaze ukuba umhlohli odumileyo uncoma isidingo sokukhuthaza isiseko sebhayiloji kunye nezentlalo. Ngokufanelekileyo, ukukhula komntwana kufuneka kuhoyiwe, kananjalo nokwazi ukuba ungayihlanganisa njani ukuze ibonakale iluncedo, kwaye iluncedo nakuluntu uqobo.
Kungoko isidingo sokhathalelo lomntu ngamnye.
Ubudlelwane obusondelelene kakhulu phakathi kwabazali nabahlohli
Kubalulekile. Imfundo ayipheli xa ushiya izikolo zaseMontessori okanye naliphi na igumbi lokufundela. Imfundo yomntwana yenzeka esikolweni, ekhaya, kwanaseburhulumenteni ngokwabo.
Ke ngoko, la maziko afuna oko ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kootitshala nabazali ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zomntwana, nokuba zezemfundo okanye ezemvakalelo.
Ixabiso lokuzimela
Umntwana kufuneka akhululeke ekusebenziseni, ekuphononongeni, ekufumaneni uxanduva kwaye akwazi ukuthatha usuku nosuku ukufunda.
Umfundi kufuneka abe ngumzobi wakhe xa kuziwa ekufumaneni ulwazi kunye nokufumana izakhono. Inkuthazo ikhuthazwa kuphela ngokunika umntwana inkululeko nokuzithemba.
Ndincede ndiyenze ngokwam.
UMaria Montessori
Izikolo zeMontessori zeFilosofi
Unokuzibuza ukuba ... Kodwa bafunda njani ukwanda? Bafunda njani ukuqonda kokufunda kunye nokudibanisa izenzi? Siza kukunika umzekelo. Kwizikolo ezininzi zaseMontessori iiklasi ziqala ngokufunda iphephandaba.
Into elula kakhulu ayiphuculi kuphela ukuqonda kokufunda, kodwa nayo Kuyabanceda ukuba babe nengqondo ebalulekileyo, bathathe amaxabiso, banike uluvo lwabo kwaye bazi ukuba babamamele njani abanye. Oko kukuthi, nawuphi na umsebenzi unokukhokelela kuphuhliso lwezinto ezininzi ezincedisayo apho iindawo zezixhobo zihlala zisetyenzwa, ezinje ngolwimi nemathematics, umzekelo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngoku makhe sijonge ngakumbi kwinto ethi ifilosofi yaseMontessori isekwe kuyo.
- Uvuyo emntwaneni kufuneka lukhuthazwe. Umntwana owonwabileyo uziva ekhululekile ukuqala izinto, ukubalisa, ukuya, ukucinga nokudala.
- Ootitshala basebenza njengezikhokelo kunye nabaphembeleli. Bamele bakhuthaze abantwana ukuba banikele ngokusemandleni abo. Umzamo noxanduva ziyaphuculwa.
- Ukukhuthaza ukonwaba komntwana Inkululeko yomzimba iyakhuthazwa, ukuze bachukumise kwaye basebenzise. Emagumbini okufundela kukho iindawo zokwenza imithambo yomzimba, izityalo zokuzikhathalela, ukungcola okunokungcola ngako, izitya zokuhlamba izandla, iincwadi zokuthatha kunye namakhadi anolwazi onokulufumanisa.
- Kukho Umba ogxininiswe kakhulu kwizikolo zaseMontessori: uxinzelelo, ukuba abantwana bagxile kwimisebenzi yabo. Le inokuba yinto entsonkothileyo ebonwa ngaphandle, ukusukela xa seva loo nto "Banikwe inkululeko" sikhawuleza sicinge ukuba uxanduva kunye nomsebenzi wokugqibela ulahlekile. Nangona kunjalo, oku akunjalo, yonke into ilawulwa kakhulu.
Ukuqwalaselwa kwamaxesha abuthathaka
Kumanqaku angaphambili besesikuxelele ngokubaluleka kwe- ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeentsana phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 ne-12. Yinto leyo UMaría Montessori ubize amaxesha abuthathaka kwaye aya kugubungela ngakumbi umjikelo wobomi bomntwana ukuya kwiminyaka emi-6. Kulixesha elibizwa ngokuba lixesha lobugqi, apho abancinci banjengeziponji zokwenene ezikulangazelela ukufunda.
- Ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12, amaxesha abuthathaka ayaqhubeka ukubakho, kodwa elidlulileyo eli xesha, ingqondo yomntwana ilahlekelwa yinxalenye yamandla kunye neplastiki. Eli ke lixesha elifanelekileyo apho konke ukukhuthaza kwakha ukufunda okuninzi.
- Kwizikolo zaseMontessori bayazi kakuhle le nto kwaye ke, iqhinga labo lomsebenzi, Indlela yokusebenza kunye nekharityhulam ijolise ekuphuculeni yonke imimandla yolwazi, ulwazi lomzimba kunye neemvakalelo zomfundi. Yindlela eyahlukileyo apho inqwelomoya ingena ngaphandle.
Indlela yokufundisa kaMaría Montessori eneneni inobunzima obuninzi kwinto esiyiqondayo namhlanje ngokufundisa, nangona kunjalo, ayingawo onke amaziko asebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo yawo kwinyani yawo emsulwa. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba kukho amawaka amaziko anolu hlobo lomgca kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye oko Ukuba unqwenela, lukhetho olunokuthi luqwalasele kwimfundo yabantwana bakho.
Nangona kunjalo, nokuba ungakhetha siphi na isikolo abantwana bakho, ungalibali ukuba indima yakho njengomama ihlala ibalulekile, kwaye ikwanjalo unethuba lokufaka indlela yaseMontessori ekhaya.