Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo ndandinethuba lokusebenza nabantwana ababeneemfuno zemfundo ezizodwa kunye nendlela i-Animal Assisted Therapies (AAT) eyabanceda ngayo kakhulu ekulawuleni ngcono ukuma kwabantwana abaneengxaki zomzimba kwaye abasebenza namahashe (hippotherapy) kunye nendlela abanye abantwana ababanceda ngayo boyise uloyiko lwabo, kunyango lwezinja (unyango lwe-canine). Kodwa lihlabathi liphela elikhona kunyango oluncediswa zizilwanyana kunye namandla amakhulu onyango abanalo.
Oko umntu aqala ukwenza impucuko, Abantu kunye nezilwanyana babelane ngolwalamano olukhulu lweemvakalelo Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, olu manyano belungumthombo wentuthuzelo nesiqabu kwabo baye bafumana iintlungu emzimbeni nangokweemvakalelo. Kwaye kukuba ubudlelwane phakathi kwesilwanyana kunye nomntu bunamandla okuphilisa kunye namandla okufunda. Izilwanyana zinokuba zezona titshala zibalaseleyo ukuba zivunyelwe.
Unyango lwezilwanyana luncede
Kukho ubungqina obubonisa ukuba unyango oluncediswa zizilwanyana (lubizwa ngokuba luncedisiwe kuba isikhokelo sobungcali kwaye luququzelele unyango) lunceda abantwana abaphethwe gadalala okanye abangahoywanga, abantwana abafumana ichemotherapy okanye olunye unyango olunzima. Baninzi nabantu abadala abaneziphumo zeemvakalelo abathi baxhamle kolu hlobo lonyango.
Kukho uphando kwaye ngakumbi nangakumbi iingcali zinikezelwe kunyango oluncediswa zizilwanyana ukunceda impilo yabantu kwaye kule meko, abantwana. Ukuziqhelanisa okuqhubekayo kunye nokulandela kakuhle unyango kubalulekile ekuphuculeni impilo yabantwana, sikhumbula ukuba izilwanyana zinokusinceda kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi.
Kwiinkqubo zonyango eziNcediswa zezilwanyana (TAA), izilwanyana eziqeqeshiweyo zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula impilo yomntu ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokweemvakalelo nangokwasentlalweni, kule meko yabantwana. Ezi zonyango zinokuphucula ukuzithemba, zinciphise uxinzelelo kwaye zenze lula ukuphilisa. Ukusetyenziswa kwee-TAAs kubuyela emva ku-1940 xa umkhosi wamajoni wazisa i-Yorkshire terrier esibhedlele ukuze avuyele amajoni alimele. Kwakukho impendulo entle kangangokuba inja yaqhubeka ukunceda amajoni iminyaka eli-12.
Imisebenzi encediswa zizilwanyana (ezinje ngezo zibonelelwa zizinja zokubona zabangaboni kakuhle) zahlukile kunyango, ezigxininisa inkxaso yengqondo kunye nokuphilisa ngokwasemzimbeni.
Iimeko apho i-TAA inokunceda khona impilo
Kukho uphando olubonisa ukuba izilwanyana zinokuthomalalisa abantu kwaye ziyalunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye noxinzelelo. Abantwana baya kuba nakho ukusebenza kwiimpawu ezintle zentlalo kwaye baphucule izakhono zabo. Kukho izibhedlele kunye namakhaya abalupheleyo asebenzisa iinkqubo ze-TAA ukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo okanye iimvakalelo zokwahlukaniswa, kunye nokunceda ukukhuthaza ukusebenza kwengqondo ngokunxibelelana nesilwanyana.
Izilwanyana azikugwebi ukukhubazeka, ukungaziphathi kakuhle, ukuphazamiseka okanye naluphi na uhlobo lwengxaki abanokuba nalo abantu nabantwana, bahlala ngokufanayo ngaphandle kokukhathalela nantoni na ngaphandle kokuhambisa nokwamkela uthando, hayi indlela ekufuneka sifunde ngayo kwizilwanyana ezintle! Kwaye kunjalo Abantwana baxhamla kakhulu kwii-TAAs, kodwa nabani na one (okanye ngaphandle) uhlobo oluthile lwesifo unokuzonwabela zonke izibonelelo zalo.
Imisebenzi kwiNyango yokuNcediswa kwezilwanyana
Imisebenzi eyenziweyo kwi-TAA ibonelela ngonxibelelwano kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ukuze kuphuculwe inkuthazo, ukunceda imisebenzi yezemfundo okanye nje abantwana (nabantu abadala) ukuba bonwabe kwaye banokuphucula umgangatho wabo wobomi. Oku kuthetha ukutyelelwa ngamanye amaxesha kunye nesilwanyana kunye nokulandela ikhonkrithi kunye nenkqubo ethile eqhutywa yingcali.
Ngokuqhelekileyo abantwana bayazithanda izilwanyana, ngenxa yoko banokuzibonakalisa ngcono xa bethetha nabo kunabanye abantwana kunye nabanye abantu abadala. Izinja kunye neekati zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuthomalalisa abantwana abahlupheke ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni, kodwa unyango olukhethekileyo lwezilwanyana luya kukhethwa ngokuxhomekeke kubantwana nakwimfuno zabo. Abantwana abafuna iimfuno ezizodwa baya kufuna ingqalelo eyodwa kunye nokulungiselela unyango ukuze luphumelele.
Yintoni ongayilindela?
Zininzi iintlobo zezilwanyana eziqeqeshwe ukuba zisetyenziswe kwii-TAAs, ukusuka ezinjeni nasezikati, kumahashe nkqu nakumahlengesi, kwaye nganye kuzo inokuzisa izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo kubantwana abanokuba nethamsanqa lokusebenzisana nabo. Unyango lunokwenzeka esikolweni, esibhedlele, kwilayibrari, kwigumbi elilungiselelwe oko, Kuya kuba ngabaqeqeshi ukuba bakhethe indawo efanelekileyo apho isilwanyana sihlala khona kwaye abantwana banokufumana zonke izibonelelo.
Ngokwesiqhelo akukho lungiselelo lolu hlobo lonyango ngabantwana, izilwanyana sele ziqeqeshiwe kwaye zilungisiwe kwaye iingcali zineenkqubo ezifundelwe ukufezekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu abantwana ekufuneka basebenze kuzo. Iingcali zihlala zithatha izilwanyana ziye kwiindawo ezinabantwana, ngakumbi xa kufikwa kwiikati nezinja.. Xa zizilwanyana ezinje ngamahashe okanye amahlengesi, zihlala ziintsapho ezihambisa abantwana bazo apho zinokuthi zikwazi ukusebenza zisebenzisane nazo.
Ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu
Ukhuseleko ekusebenzeni nezilwanyana kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye yiyo loo nto kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba ingcali inawo onke amalungiselelo ayimfuneko ukuze isilwanyana sakho sibe noqeqesho olufanelekileyo. Isilwanyana kufuneka sihlaziywe lonke ugonyo kwaye sibe sempilweni. Unyango lwezilwanyana oluncediswayo kufuneka luhlale lusenziwa ziingcali zonyango.
Eminye imiba emayiqwalaselwe
- Abantwana aboyikayo izilwanyana kufuneka benze umsebenzi wangaphambili nengcali ukuze bakwazi ukutyelela isilwanyana, basazi, basibone… ukuze ubudlelwane nokusebenzisana kungavavanywa nokuba kunokwenzeka okanye akunakwenzeka.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho une-aleji ebaluleke kakhulu kwizilwanyana, i-TAA ayinakwenzeka.
- Ukuba umntwana unengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, imisebenzi kufuneka ilawulwe ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntwana kunye nesilwanyana.
- Abantwana abanezigulo okanye abalala esibhedlele kufuneka bafumane imvume yogqirha ngaphambi kokuqala i-TAA.