Umhlaza wobuntwana uyaqhubeka yinto ephambili kwimpilo yoluntu oko kufuneka kuliwe kumazwe amaninzi. Ngoyena nobangela wokuqala wokufa kubantwana abaninzi nakwishumi elivisayo kwaye basazama ukuphucula inkqubela phambili ukuzama ukunciphisa esi sifo.
Kukho amazwe anezixhobo ezinempilo encinci kakhulu kwaye zilinganiselwe nalapho imeko zomhlaza zonyuka kwaye akukho nto inokwenzeka bakwazi ukunqanda ukusweleka kweentsana. E-Spain siyaphuhlisa kwaye kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje ikwazile ukwenza njalo Unenkxaso yezemali nezopolitiko ngezicwangciso ezinokubakho zenkxaso kunye neenkqubo zophando.
Iindidi zomhlaza wabantwana
Umhlaza ngokubanzi sisifo semfuza esenzekayo ngenxa yotshintsho lwe-DNA kwaye oko kuphucula inguqu yeeseli eziqhelekileyo kwiiseli zethumba. Uphuhliso lwayo lukhulu ezahluke kakhulu kubantwana kunabantu abadala kwaye ngokufanayo amatyala ahluke kakhulu phakathi kwabantwana abakubudala obahlukeneyo.
Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zomhlaza zii-leukemias ilandelwe yi amathumba engqondo kwaye lukhona unyango ezilahliweyo ukungabinakho ukutshabalalisa uninzi lwezi molekyuli zindlongondlongo kunye nokumelana, kodwa sisifo esiqhubeka nokunikwa ukubaluleka okukhulu kwaye apho siqhubeka nokuzama ukusiphelisa.
ESpain ngeenxa zonke Amatyala e-1.300 phakathi kwabantwana nakwishumi elivisayo, la Ileukemia enobunzima be-lymphoblastic lolona luphindaphindwayo kwaye lumele ama-25% amatyala ebantwaneni ukuya kwiminyaka eli-14 ubudala, ngokufanayo amathumba engqondo imele i-20% kule minyaka kwaye ilandelwa ngamatyala e Neuroblastoma, ithumba leWilms, kunye neLymphoma ye-Non-Hodgkin.
Kwimeko yokufikisa ukuya kwiminyaka eli-18 ubudala, ezona meko ziqhelekileyo zezi IHodgkin, iintsholongwane zentsholongwane kunye nezihlunu zobuchopho.
Inkqubela phambili entsha
Njengonyango kumlo wokulwa nomhlaza sifumana ezona zisetyenziswayo kweli dabi lingapheliyo: ichemotherapy, unyango ngemitha, kunye notyando. Ziye zenziwa njenge Imilinganiselo esebenzayo kunye neqinileyo kakhulu kodwa azizange zanele ukwahlukahlukana kwexesha elide kweentlobo zomhlaza.
Inkqubela phambili eNtsha yoMhlaza woBuntwana Zintsonkothe kakhulu kwaye zinzima, Bafuna ukuzinikela okukhulu, umonde kunye namava amaninzi ukuze bakwazi ukunyanga ezi zigulana zisesichengeni. Phakathi kolu nyango lutsha kusekho i- inyathelo kunye nemfuno yabazali abaninzi Ukufuna ukuzama ezi ntlobo zamanyathelo ebantwaneni babo kwaye ngakumbi xa ezinye esele ziphunyeziwe zingakhange zisebenze.
Unyango esekwe kwiziyobisi yindlela entsha eyandayo, bazama ukujolisa kolu hlaselo lwethumba kwaye kufuneka ujongane nobutyhefu obunokwenzeka ukuze ivelise kwisigulana sakho kwixa elizayo.
Olunye inkqubela phambili efundwayo ngoku kunye nokuvavanywa ngokuchasene neleukemia ngulo uneminxeba Iiseli T, ezi seli zithathwa egazini lomntwana kwaye utshintsho kwimfuza elebhu, kamva baphinda baphinda baziswa emva kokulungiswa ukuze bakwazi Ukuhlasela iiseli zegazi. Le nkqubo iyasebenza kwaye iyathembisa, kodwa akucaci nokuba ngaba abaguli baye banyangeka na ngokusisigxina.
Phakathi kwezinye iindlela ezininzi esele zisetyenzisiwe sinokufumana izifundo eziphambili ngakumbi kunye neeprojekthi Namhlanje ukuze ndikwazi ukuxilonga imeko ngokucaca okukhulu. Singayifumana kwi iimvavanyo zemitha kwi 3T ezintsha magnetic, oko kuyasivumela ukuba sibene ukuxilongwa ngcono kwizidumbu zobuchopho nakwiindlela zonyango zombini uqhaqho, i-neurosurgical kunye ne-radiotherapy.
Ukujongana nale milinganiselo mitsha, kufuneka sidibanise ukwanda kwepesenti enkulu kunyango kolu nyango. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kumazwe athuthukileyo esi sifo Sele inyangeka kwi-80% yamatyala.