Olunye usana olusandul 'ukuzalwa luye lwatyheli kolusu kunye nabamhlophe ngamehlo. Oku kwenzeka xa kusenzeka isixa esikhulu bilirubin, into etyheli ngenxa yokonakala kwesiqhelo kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, kodwa kutheni umntwana wakho emthubi?
Abantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa banokuphuhlisa oku amanqanaba aphezulu ngeentsuku zokuqala zokuzalwa ngaphandle kokubaluleka kakhulu. Iyenzeka kuba inokuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba isibindi somntwana siye funda indlela yokususa i-bilirubin. Lo mbala unokulinganiswa kusetyenziswa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yibilirubinometer, eya kuthi ichonge ukuba iphezulu na kunesiqhelo. Yilapho ugqirha wezilwanyana eya kuvavanya ukuba umntwana une-jaundice kwaye ukuba ufuna naluphi na ukhathalelo olukhethekileyo.
Usana lwam luphuzi, zithini iimpawu zalo?
Iimpawu zokuqala ezibonakalayo ngumbala otyheli wolusu, apho ingaqala khona ukubonakala ebusweni kubandakanya abamhlophe bamehlo. Ixesha elingaphezulu liyakudlula liye embindini womzimba kwaye liye kwiziphelo ezisezantsi. IJaundice kunzima ukuyibona kubantwana abanesikhumba esimnyama, ukufumanisa ukuba unako ucofa umunwe wakho ebunzi okanye empumlweni wosana kwaye xa uyiphakamisa, kufuneka kuqatshelwe imvelaphi yombala oshiyekileyo.
Uninzi lweentsana ludla ngokuba ne-jaundice ethambileyo kwaye ayinabungozi. Kodwa ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-bilirubin banokulala kakhulu, babonakala begula, azityi ngokufanelekileyo kwaye azinangqondo. Okwangoku kufuneka uye kugqirha wabantwana kwangoko, kuba inqanaba eliphezulu linokubangela ukonakala kwengqondo.
Unobangela we-jaundice kwiintsana
Iintsana xa zizalwa zinazo uxinzelelo oluphezulu lweeseli zegazi okanye iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ukuba abantu abadala kufuneka benze isixa esikhulu se-bilirubin ukuze baziphelise. Lo mbala mthubi uzakulungiswa sisibindi kwaye iya kupheliswa ngomchamo kunye nelindle, kodwa kukho amaxesha apho la manqanaba e-bilirubin enyuka ngamanani amakhulu kunesiqhelo abangela ithoni etyheli kulusu.
Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha abakulungelanga ukubanakho ukuqhubekekisa lo monakalo kwaye uninzi lwazo lunamanqanaba asezantsi e-bilirubin. Amanye amatyala apho kubonakala khona ukuba nini Usana luthatha ixesha ukukhupha i-meconium ngexesha leeyure ezingama-24-48 zobomi. Ukuba le nto ilibazisekile, kuxa i-bilirubin ibuyela ekujikelezeni kwegazi kwaye inyuse umngcipheko we-jaundice. Eli tyala lisonjululwa ngokunceda ukukhupha i-meconium ngokukhawuleza Enkosi ngokuncancisa.
IJaundice evela 'ekuncanciseni' ikwenzeka xa umntwana awutyiswa ngokuchanekileyo ngokuncancisa ngeentsuku zokuqala zobomi. Inokwenzeka loo nto ayincancisi kakuhle okanye ngenxa yokuba ubisi lukamama alukhuphukanga, kule meko kufuneka umncede.
Amanye amatyala anokuba nini iqela legazi lomntwana lahlukile kunelikamamaKule meko, umama wenza izilwa-buhlungu ezihlasela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi lomntwana. Okanye xa usana unengxaki yemfuza elenza iiseli ezibomvu zibuthathaka ngakumbi. Kulapho baya kuthoba isidima ngokulula ngakumbi kubangele iingxaki zempilo.
Inyangwa njani i-jaundice?
Kwiimeko ezininzi i-jaundice ihlala ithambile kwaye inyamalale emva kweeveki ezininzi. Musa ukothuka kuba yinto yokulinda umzimba wakho omncinci ukuba uphelise i-bilirubin egazini. Ukuba kubangelwa kukungabikho kwesondlo ukutya okuninzi kuya kwenziwa ngebele okanye ngefomyula ecetyiswe ngugqirha.
Kwimeko ezinobuzaza kakhulu kusetyenziswa ifototherapy, unyango apho iintsana zibekwa phantsi kwezibane ezizodwa ukuze ulusu lwazo lubonakaliswe kukukhanya okwenza i-bilirubin ikhutshwe ngcono.
'Utshintshiselwano lotofelo-gazi' yenye inkqubo yexesha likaxakeka esetyenziswayo xa kungekho nanye kwezi ingasentla isebenza. Kule meko, igazi lomntwana lithatyathelwa indawo lelowo unikelayo ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza uxinzelelo lwe-bilirubin.
I-immunoglobulin efakwa ngaphakathi lolunye unyango oluthintela izilwa-buhlungu ekuhlaseleni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi xa zinegazi elingahambelaniyo neqela legazi. Olu nyango lusebenza kakuhle kwaye luthintela utofelo ekwenzeni ukuba lwenziwe.
Xa imeko ye-jaundice ithambile kwaye ingadingi unyango olukhethekileyo, kulungile ukuba usana olusandul 'ukuzalwa uvezwe kukukhanya kwelanga, Nangona kungangqalanga ngqo ngenxa yokutsha, oku kuya kunceda ukuthotywa kwebilirubin kwaye kuya kugxothwa kumchamo. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi malunga nokhathalelo lolusu losana olusandul 'ukuzalwa ndwendwela ikhonkco lethu apha