IiPlatelets Ziyenye yezona zinto ziphambili ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwegazi kunye nomzimba wethu. Zikhona egazini kwaye umsebenzi wazo ku lungisa zonke iindawo ezonakeleyo eziveliswa ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ukuze kunqandwe ukopha.
Igazi lulwelo kunye nesihlunu esisisiseko ngenxa yomzimba wethu. Ijikeleza ngaphakathi kwemithambo yethu yegazi kwaye ithwala inani elikhulu lezinto, ezona zibalulekileyo kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelet.
Yintoni iiplatelets?
IiPlatelets nazo zibizwa ngokuba zii-thrombocyte. Ziiseli ezifumaneka egazini kwaye njengomsebenzi wazo oyintloko zinoxanduva ukujika kwegazi. IiPlatelets zivela kwi megakaryocytes, iseli enkulu eqhekekayo ize iphilise amakhulu eeplatelets. Iimegakaryocytes zidalwe kumongo wethambo kwaye zibangele ukuba iiplatelet zidlulele kumjelo wegazi.
IiPlatelets ayinayo i-nucleus, ngoko abayi kuba nako ukuvelisa, kwaye ngenxa yoko ubomi bayo buphakathi kweentsuku ezili-9 ukuya kwezili-10 ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Iiplatelets xa ziguga okanye zonakaliswe ziya kupheliswa ngokujikeleza kwegazi nge-spleen.
Imisebenzi yePlatelet
Igazi lomntu liqikelelwa ekuhlanganiseni a I-45% yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye ne-1% yeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ipesenti yeeplatelet isengaphantsi kuneepesenti ezichaziweyo kwaye basathatha inxaxheba kuxanduva olukhulu.
IiPlatelets zisinceda sikhuseleke kuzo zonke iindawo zokuphuma kwegazi okanye naluphi na uhlobo lokopha. Zinomsebenzi we iplagi indawo eyenzakeleyo yaloo mithambo yegazi ukuba ukwazi yeka ukuphuma kwegazi. Bade bancede i-coagulation ukuba yenzeke ukwenzela ukuba i-plugging yenzeke kwaye ukuqinisa kusebenza kakhulu.
Iseli ebomvu yegazi, iseli ethambileyo yegazi kunye neplatelet eluhlaza. Ifoto ethathwe kwiWikipedia
Iingxaki ezinxulumeneyo
Ukuze inxulunyaniswe nengxaki ngeeplatelet, kuya kufuneka inxulunyaniswe nayo ukunciphisa inani labo okanye ukwanda okugqithisileyo. Inani labo liya kuba phakathi kwe-120.000-140.000 kwaye lingadluli kwi-400.000-440.000 yeplatelet kwi-microliter nganye. Xa kukho ukungalingani kula manani ngokuphindaphindiweyo, uphando kufuneka lwenziwe ukufumanisa unobangela wako.
Ukunyuka kweeplatelet
Ukunyuka okungaqhelekanga kwinani labo kunokukhokelela thrombocythemia ebalulekileyo. Umongo wethambo wenza inani elikhulu leeplatelet ngaphandle kokudibana naluphi na uhlobo lokuphazamiseka. Indlela eya kujongwa ngayo impendulo ukopha kakhulu kwaye ngoko ke ukudibanisa akuyi kwenzeka. Kule meko, ngokuqhelekileyo imiselwe iyeza lokuthoba inani leeplatelet.
I-thrombocytosis esebenzayo sesinye isifo esiveliswa kule meko kolunye uhlobo lokuphazamiseka. Umongo wethambo uvelisa inani elikhulu leeplatelet eziveliswayo ngenxa yosulelo oluthile okanye utshintsho, njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, ukunqongophala kwesinyithi, isifo esithile samathumbu okanye umhlaza. Iimpawu zayo azidli ngokubangela ukujiya kakhulu okanye ukopha kakhulu. Kananjalo ayithwali naluphi na uhlobo lonyango, kodwa iyayinyanga isifo esisisiseko.
Ukuncipha kweeplatelet
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zeeplatelet eziphantsi. Ibizwa ngokuba thrombocytopenia kunye neempawu zayo nazo zinokuba yi ukujija okungaqhelekanga kwenxeba, nangona kwiimeko ezininzi akukho lutshintsho.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuphazamiseka
Ulusu lunokusinika ubungqina bolunye uhlobo lotshintsho kwinani leeplatelet. Ukopha zizilumkiso zezi mpawu apho zinokuzibonakalisa ku ukopha kakhulu kwiintsini, ilindle, kunye nomchamo. Abasetyhini banokuba nelahleko enkulu exesheni kwaye ukopha kakhulu impumlo nako kunokuvela.
Amabala abomvu avela kwimilenze engezantsi, nokuba i-bump encinci, ukulimala okanye ukubhoboza kunokubangela ukugruzuka blue-black (i-ecchymosis okanye i-purpura). Inani eliphantsi leeplatelet, ngakumbi iimpawu ezinokuthi zenzeke.
Ukuze uhlolisise i-prognosis engcono, kuyimfuneko yiya kugqirha wosapho ngoko unokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi (ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo) kwaye ubone ukuba kukho utshintsho kwinani leeplatelet.