Izindaba zokukhulelwa iwele Kungakhiqiza ukumangala kokuqala okulandelwa umthamo ophindwe kabili wenjabulo nemizwa eminingi, kepha futhi ngokuvamile yenza ukungabaza okuningi. I-ultrasound izonquma ukuthi kukhona ingane eyodwa noma eziningana. Uma kukhulunywa ngezingane ezimbili, ngokuvamile kungase kube nokudideka, njengoba kungase kube amawele afanayo noma abafowabo.
Umehluko phakathi kwazo zombili izinhlobo zokukhulelwa okuningi uku inani lamaqanda avundisiwe noma lapho i-zygote efanayo yakheka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa iye yahlukana yaba imibungu emibili. Sihlaziya ukuthi zinjani lezi zinhlobo zokukhulelwa kwamawele.
Amawele we-univiteline
Ekukhulelweni kwamawele angama-univitelline, amafomu e-zygote ngemuva ukuhlangana kweqanda elilodwa nesidoda futhi lokhu ihlukanisa ngemuva kokukhulelwa kwakha imibungu emibili efanayo. Amawele afanayo babelana ngofuzo lwabo ngakho zicishe zifane ngokomzimba. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kwenzeka ezimweni ezimbalwa kakhulu, phakathi kwama-25%.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamawele we-univiteline kuya ngokuthi i-zygote ihlukana nini:
- I-Bichorial ne-diamniotic: kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezi-3 ngemuva kokukhulelwa. Imibungu yondliwa yi-placenta eyodwa futhi ngayinye inesaka layo le-amniotic.
- I-Monochorionic ne-monoamniotic: Kwenzeka phakathi kosuku lwesikhombisa nolweshumi nantathu nalapho imibungu ihlanganyela i-placenta efanayo kanye nesaka elifanayo le-amniotic. Kulapho kube nokuhlukana kwamaseli afanayo ncamashi.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana namawele afanayo
Kulolu hlobo lokuhlukaniswa, icala lika "iwele elinyamalalayo" lapho omunye wemibungu ungaqedi ukukhula futhi igcina imuncwe ngumama, iwele lakhe, noma i-placenta. Kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi ku-trimester yesibili kuvela ama-fetus amabili futhi ku-ultrasound elandelayo enye yazo ilahlekile.
Elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo nelingavamile kakhulu yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-situs inversus" lapho izingane zizalwa zingamawele futhi izitho zakhiwe ngendlela ephambene. Bangakwazi ngisho nokwenza izinto eziphambene ezimpilweni zabo (i-reverse psychology), kuyilapho omunye eyinxele, omunye ngesandla sokudla, noma angalala ngokuhlehla.
Amawele eBiviteline
Ukukhulelwa oku-biviteline kwenzeka lapho ama-ovules amabili avundiswa isidoda ezimbili ezihlukile, akha ama-zygotes amabili emasakeni amabili ahlukene. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ku-70% wokukhulelwa kwamawele. Iqanda ngalinye lizifakela esibelethweni ngokuzimela, ngaphakathi kwesikhwama sakho sokukhulelwa kanye ne-amniotic sac ne-placenta yakho. Lolu hlobo lwamawele luvame kakhulu. Amawele e-biviteline abizwa njalo Amawele.
Amathuba okukhulelwa kwamawele ayanda lapho ama-zygote amabili efakwa esibelethweni sikamama ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kukhona iqiniso elimangalisayo kumawele omzalwane, kusukela bangaba abobulili obuhlukene. Kubo bonke abakhulelwe abayikhulu abanalesi sici, ngokuvamile abobulili obuhlukile noma bangase baqondane nokuba amadoda amabili noma abesifazane ababili.
Ngabe amawele e-biviteline ayalingana noma ahlukile?
Amawele anakho imininingwane ehlukile yezofuzo ngakho azifani ngokwenyama. Bangaba ngisho abobulili obuhlukile njengoba sesibukezile. Ukufana kwabo ngokomzimba kuqhathaniswa nezelamani ezimbili ezijwayelekile, nakuba zikhona izimo lapho zingazalwa zifana kakhulu, kodwa ngeke zibe amawele esibuko. Lawa mawele abizwa nangokuthi amawele angama-fraternal noma ama-dizygotic.
Ungazi kanjani ukuthi ngabe ngamawele we-univitelinos noma ama-bivitelinos?
Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nzima ukuhlukanisa ukuthi ngabe amawele yi-bivitelline noma yi-univitelline. Uma izingane zingabobulili obuhlukile, zingamawele biviteline selokhu amawele e-univitelino bahlala bengabobulili obufanayo.
Uma izingane zingobulili obufanayo, zizoba ngamawele ama-univitelino uma babelana ngesikhwama sangaphandle noma zombili izikhwama. Le datha ingenziwa ibe semthethweni ngama-ultrasounds ajwayelekile futhi ihlaziye yonke le datha.
Uma kwenzeka kunokungabaza udokotela uyakwenza Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola iqembu legazi. Uma iqembu legazi lihlukile bazoba ngamawele. Uma imiphumela yokuhlaziywa ingaphelele, inketho yokugcina ukwenza a ukuhlolwa ye-DNA.
Umehluko phakathi kwamawele afanayo kanye nawobuzalwane
Ukuze sinikeze ilukuluku phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zokukhulelwa kwamawele, sizophetha ngomehluko ocacile ozobaluleka kakhulu futhi oqinisekisayo.
Ubulili bezingane
Ngaphambi kokuzalwa, ubulili bezingane ezingakazalwa bungatholwa. Uma ubulili buhlukene, akungabazeki ukuthi bangamawele. noma amawele omfowabo. Kodwa uma bengabantu bobulili obufanayo kuzoba nokungabaza ukuthi bangafana yini, kwazise amawele nawo angaba abobulili obufanayo. Kuzodingeka sihlaziye nge-ultrasound ukuthi bayabelana yini ngesaka le-amniotic noma cha.
Isikhwama se-amniotic kanye ne-placenta
Ekukhulelweni kwamawele, njengoba imibungu ngayinye idalwe neqanda layo nesidoda, ngokunengqondo izofakwa ngokuzimela esibelethweni. Ngale ndlela ngamunye uzozakhela esakhe isikhwama se-amniotic kanye ne-placenta.
Endabeni yamawele afanayo kukhona izimo ezingahluka kakhulu:
- Kungenzeka ukuthi imibungu ngokuvamile babelana ngesaka elifanayo le-amniotic kanye ne-placenta, lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka phakathi kwezinsuku eziyisi-7 kuya kweziyi-13 ngemva kokuvundiswa. Kodwa ngisho noma kwenzeka, ikusasa lingase libe nemiphumela ekuzalweni kwawo, njengoba kungase kube indaba yamawele akwaSiamese (lapho ezalwa ehlangene ngokomzimba) noma isifo sokumpontshelwa igazi singase sibe khona.
- Ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwe-zygote, imibungu iyakhiwa futhi ngayinye ingakwazi bakhe isaka labo le-amniotic kanye ne-placenta yabo.
- Phakathi kosuku lwesine noma lwesikhombisa izingane bangaba nesaka labo le-amniotic, kodwa babelana nge-placenta efanayo. Lesi yisimo esivame ukwenzeka ku-90% wamacala.
Enye idatha engenza bagqame yilapho bezalwa futhi ukubukeka kwabo ngokomzimba kuhlolwa. Uma zifana ngokucacile, yilapho bazalwa benofuzo olufanayo ngakho-ke banjalo amawele afanayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bangaba amawele, kodwa kulokhu babelana nge-50% ye-DNA futhi bahlukaniswa ngokucacile, nakuba kunezimo lapho bangabheka khona kakhulu. Futhi abahlanganyeli eqenjini legazi elifanayo.