Ama-platelet Zingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zokusebenza kahle kwegazi nomzimba wethu. Bakhona egazini futhi umsebenzi wabo uku lungisa zonke izingxenye ezilimele ezikhiqizwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ukuze kunqandwe ukopha.
Igazi liwuketshezi futhi liyisicubu esiyisisekelo ngomzimba wethu. Ijikeleza phakathi kwemithambo yethu yegazi futhi ithwala inani elikhulu lezinto, ezibaluleke kakhulu okungamangqamuzana egazi abomvu, amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe namaplatelet.
Ayini ama-platelet?
Ama-platelet futhi abizwa ngokuthi ama-thrombocyte. Amangqamuzana atholakala egazini futhi njengomsebenzi wawo oyinhloko anesibopho kuwo ukujiya kwegazi. Ama-Platelets avela ku- ama-megakaryocyte, ingqamuzana elikhulu eliphukayo liphile amakhulu ama- platelet. Ama-megakaryocyte zidalwe emnkantsheni futhi abangele ukuthi ama-platelet adlulele emgudwini wegazi.
Ama-platelet abanayo i-nucleus, ngakho ngeke bakwazi ukuzala, futhi ngenxa yalokho ubude bayo bokuphila buphakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-9 kuya kweziyi-10 emzimbeni. Ama-platelet lapho eguga noma ewonakele azoqedwa ukujikeleza kwegazi ngobende.
Imisebenzi ye-Platelet
Igazi lomuntu linokwakheka okulinganiselwe kwe-a Amaseli abomvu egazi angama-45% kanye namaseli amhlophe egazi angama-1%.. Iphesenti lama-platelet lisengaphansi kwamaphesenti achaziwe futhi asathatha ingxenye yesibopho esikhulu.
Ama-platelet asisiza ukusivikela kukho konke ukusikeka ukopha noma noma yiluphi uhlobo lokopha. Zinomsebenzi we xhuma ingxenye elimele yaleyo mithambo yegazi ukuze ikwazi yeka ukuphuma kwegazi. Basiza ngisho nokuhlangana ukuze kwenzeke ukuze ukuxhuma kwenzeke futhi ukuqinisa kuphumelele kakhulu.
Ingqamuzana legazi elibomvu, ingqamuzana legazi elithambile kanye neplatelet eluhlaza. Isithombe sithathwe ku-Wikipedia
Izinkinga ezihambisanayo
Ukuze inkinga nge-platelet ihlotshaniswe, kuzodingeka ihlotshaniswe nayo ukunciphisa inani labo noma ukwanda ngokweqile. Inombolo yabo izoba phakathi kuka-120.000-140.000 futhi ingadluli ama-platelet angu-400.000-440.000 nge-microliter ngayinye. Uma kukhona ukungalingani kulezi zibalo kaningi, kufanele kwenziwe uphenyo ukuze kutholakale imbangela yako.
Ukwanda kwamaplatelet
Ukwanda okungavamile kwenani labo kungaholela i-thrombocythemia ebalulekile. Umnkantsha ukhiqiza inqwaba yamaplatelet ngaphandle kokuhlangabezana nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuphazamiseka. Ukuthi impendulo izobonwa kanjani ukopha kakhulu ngakho-ke ukuhlangana ngeke kwenzeke. Kulokhu, ngokuvamile kunqunywa umuthi wokwehlisa inani lamaplatelet.
I-thrombocytosis esebenzayo kungenye inkinga ekhiqizwa kuleli cala kolunye uhlobo lokuphazamiseka. Umnkantsha ukhiqiza inani elikhulu lamaplatelet akhiqizwayo ngenxa yohlobo oluthile lokutheleleka noma ukuguqulwa, njengesifo samathambo, ukuntula insimbi, isifo samathumbu noma umdlavuza. Izimpawu zayo ngokuvamile azibangeli ukujiya ngokweqile noma ukopha ngokweqile. Ayithwali futhi noma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa, kodwa yelapha isifo esiwumsuka.
Ukuncipha kwamaplatelet
Kungaba nezimbangela eziningi zamaplatelet aphansi. Kubizwa i-thrombocytopenia futhi izimpawu zayo kungaba futhi i-coagulation engajwayelekile yesilonda, nakuba ezimweni eziningi ngokuvamile akukho ukuguqulwa.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokugula
Isikhumba singasinika ubufakazi bohlobo oluthile lokuguqulwa kwenani lama-platelet. Ukopha yisixwayiso salezi zimpawu lapho zingabonakala khona ku ukopha kakhulu ezinsinini, esitulweni, nasemchamweni. Abesifazane bangaba nokulahlekelwa okukhulu esikhathini sabo futhi ukuphuma kwegazi okunamandla kungase kuvele.
Kuvela amabala abomvu emilenzeni engezansi, ngisho nokuqhuma okuncane, ukulimala noma ukubhoboza kungabangela imihuzuko eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-mnyama (i-ecchymosis noma i-purpura). Uma inani lama-platelet liphansi, izimpawu ezingase zenzeke nakakhulu.
Ukuze uhlole i-prognosis engcono kakhulu, kuyadingeka iya kudokotela womndeni ngakho-ke ungenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi (isibalo segazi esiphelele) futhi ubone ukuthi kukhona ukushintshwa ngenani lamaplatelet.