Bengifuna ukuba nengxoxo no-Eva Bailén mayelana nomsebenzi wesikole isikhathi eside. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule ngakhuluma naye futhi ngamtshela ukuthi ngizophendula imibuzo ethile Madres Hoy futhi wamukela ngenjabulo. Ngokunokwenzeka, abaningi benu bazokwazi u-Eva ngomkhankaso wakhe ophumelele “wemisebenzi nje” kanye nokuba umbhali wencwadi Ungasinda kanjani emsebenzini wesikole wengane yakho eshicilelwe ngo-2016.
Labo phakathi kwenu abafunda njalo Madres Hoy Uzokwazi ukuthi mina nomsebenzi wesikole asibona abangani abakhulu. Eqinisweni, ngibafuna kude nabafundi ngoba ngicabanga ukuthi akubasizi ngalutho kwezabo ukufunda Kuyacaca ukuthi kunemisebenzi okumele yenziwe kodwa imisebenzi eminingi iyaphindaphindwa, iyabhora futhi iyimishini. Ngabe baletha okuthile okuhle kubafundi osukwini lwabo lwanamuhla? U-Eva Bailen, uyasiphendula Madres Hoy kulowo mbuzo neminye eminingi. Uyalokotha uqhubeke ufunda?
Madres Hoy: Eva, ngiyabonga kakhulu ngokwamukela inhlolokhono Madres Hoy ngomsebenzi wesikole. Usunesikhathi eside ulwela ukulungiswa kwemisebenzi. Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi umkhankaso wakho ube nomthelela obuwufuna emphakathini?
U-Eva Bailén: Umkhankaso wemisebenzi efanele ufinyelela kude kakhulu, usufinyelele kuCongress of Deputies ngisho nakubantu abasebenzela iSivumelwano Sezemfundo. Ngikholwa ukuthi sengizuze okuningi kakhulu kunalokho ebengikucabanga ekuqaleni, futhi izinguquko ziyaqashelwa emphakathini, yize kungekho ukuxhaswa okwanele kwezepolitiki intuthuko ingaguqulwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngiyethemba ukuthi wonke umsebenzi engiwenzile uzohlanganiswa futhi nezinguquko ezizayo zemfundo inkinga yomsebenzi wesikole izocishwa.
MH: Kunombuzo oqhubeka uqhamuka ekhanda lami, u-Eva. I-WHO iveze ukuthi ukwenza umsebenzi wesikole ngokweqile kuyalimaza abafundi. Kodwa-ke, kusekhona izikhungo eziningi ezisadlula nemisebenzi. Ucabanga ukuthi kubangelwa yini?
I-EB: Ngicabanga ukuthi kunenkolelo embi egxilile emphakathini wethu: ngokushesha kuba ngcono. Ngale nkolelo kuvikelwa imibono engenangqondo nezinsumansumane, njengokuthi izingane zisheshe zifunde ukufunda, ziba ngcono, noma zisheshe zijwayele ukwenza umsebenzi wesikole futhi zifunde kangcono kakhulu ngekusasa lazo lezemfundo. Ekugcineni inkolelo ikwazile ngobufakazi besayensi nangezincomo ze-WHO. Kuzilungiselelo lapho izingane zinganakwa khona, impilo yabo engokomzwelo ayinandaba futhi abantu abadala banendaba kakhulu ngemiphumela nokuncintisana, kunokukhuliswa okufanele kwezempilo kwezingane. Kulezi zimo, imisebenzi, noma ngabe yeqisa ngokweqile, ilungiswa ngenhloso eyodwa yokuqinisekisa impumelelo kwezemfundo.
MH: Ngomsebenzi wesikole ophindaphindiwe, abafundi abafundi. Yimiphi imisebenzi ngaphandle kwesikole abangayenza?
I-EB: Kunemisebenzi eyisicefe kakhulu, ephindaphindeka kakhulu futhi nokuvivinya umzimba okuthile okwenziwe ngomshini, futhi kuyiqiniso ukuthi kulezo zimo inhlansi yokufunda ilahlekile. Ukuphindaphinda kuyasiza kwezinye izimo, njengalapho ufunda ukudlala insimbi noma ukudlala umdlalo othile, kodwa ukuphindaphinda kuqondwe njengokuthuthuka. Kodwa-ke, esimweni somsebenzi wesikole akulungiswanga. Isibonelo, uma izingane zijwayela ukuphindaphindeka nsuku zonke, ngokuqinisekile zizogcina zanda ngokushesha okukhulu, kodwa into ebalulekile ukuthi kumele bazi, banikezwe inkinga yangempela, ukuthi basebenzise nini ukubuyabuyelela noma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi wezibalo.
Ukwenza izibalo ngokushesha sinama-calculator noma amakhompyutha. Ngabe singamethemba umakhi wezakhiwo ukuthi enze zonke izibalo zakhe ngengqondo? Ngaphandle kwesikole, okubalulekile kungaba ukuthi babone ukusetshenziswa kwalokhu abakufundayo esikoleni, ukuthi lokho kusebenza kanjani empilweni yabo nakwimindeni yabo. Ekhishini, esitolo, emabhilidini, ekukhangiseni, kunezicelo zalokho okufundiswa ezikoleni izingane okufanele zikwazi ukukuqonda nokuziphatha. Ukuthumela umsebenzi wesikole ozothatha izingane ntambama akufanele kube yinto ongayikhetha.
MH: Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi ukuqedwa komsebenzi wesikole kusiza umsebenzi wokuhlola wothisha?
I-EB: Ngicabanga ukuthi umsebenzi wesikole akufanele uhlolwe. Umsebenzi wesikole ongenziwa ekilasini kukhona uthisha akwaziwa noma ngabe umfundi ukwenze ngosizo noma ngaphandle kosizo. Uma benziwe kabi, kungenzeka ukuthi yenziwe ngumfundi yedwa, Kodwa ngisho nokuzilungisa ekilasini kwesinye isikhathi izingane ziyabona ukuthi iphutha labo libe yini. Futhi uma zenziwe kahle, kungenzeka ukuthi uzenzile ngosizo, ungaba nothisha wangasese. Uma umsebenzi wesikole unesisindo ebangeni lokuhlola, sikhulisa ukungalingani kwezenhlalo futhi sihlobanisa ukusebenza kwezifundo nomsebenzi wesikole, Okuyiphutha. Ukusebenza kahle kwezemfundo kungatholakala ngaphandle kokwenza umsebenzi wesikole.
MH: “Kusasa awunalo ikilasi kanti usuku olulandelayo nguMgqibelo. Unezinsuku ezintathu zokwenza umsebenzi wakho wesikole ”. Impela uzwile leyo nkulumo kaningi, Eva. Ungasitshela ukuthi ucabangani ngaye?
I-EB: Izimpelasonto nezimpelasonto ezinde kufanele ziphumule, ukunqamula kanye nokuhlanganisa okufundiwe. Futhi kubamba ngokunikeza ukuthula. Kubonakala kimi kuyiphutha ukusebenzisa iqiniso lokuthi izingane zinezinsuku zokuphumula ukuze zithumele umsebenzi wesikole owengeziwe. Uma umuntu omdala engenazo izikhathi zokuphumula, ugcina ezonda umsebenzi wakhe, futhi into yokugcina esiyifunayo ukuthi ingane isizonde isikole. Kwesinye isikhathi izingane ziphoqelelwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wesikole emaholidini noma ngisho nasemabhulohweni ngokuziphoqa ukuba zifunde izincwadi ezingenasithakazelo kulokho esizenze zakuzonda ukufunda. Iholide kungaba kuhle ukubanikeza isikhathi sokufunda abakuthandayo, ukukhetha, ukuya kumtapo wezincwadi nokuthola injabulo yokufunda ngaphandle kwengcindezi.
MH: Kuthiwani ngombono wabafundi abenza umsebenzi wesikole ngenxa yokwesaba ukujeziswa?
I-EB: Kuyadabukisa, kepha kwenzeka kakhulu. Kunezingane ezenza umsebenzi wesikole ngenxa yokwesaba isijeziso ngaphandle kwekhefu, okungekuhle, nokululazeka. Ngikholwa ukuthi kuyindlela embi kakhulu yokugcina nokuvusa ilukuluku lezingane, ukuthi zinentshisekelo yokufunda, ukuthi ziya esikoleni ngomdlandla, zikhuthazekile futhi zithokozile. Ukujeziswa kuyacindezela, futhi kwezemfundo bayisitha okufanele sikubalekele.
MH: Inhloso enkulu yemfundo kufanele kube ukuqeqesha abafundi abakhululekile nabagxekayo. Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi umsebenzi wesikole uyisithiyo ekufinyeleleni leyo njongo?
I-EB: Imisebenzi yendabuko, ephindaphindwayo, ekhishwe ezincwadini zokufunda, entula ubuciko sZiyisithiyo ekuthuthukiseni ukucabanga okubucayi nomoya wokuhweba. Umsebenzi wesikole ukhombisa okwenzeka ekilasini, kuya ngezindlela ezisetshenziswa ekilasini, kanjalo nemisebenzi ehlongozwayo yasekhaya. Kuyinkinga yangempela ukuthi uhlelo lwezemfundo alunantshisekelo ekuthuthukiseni ukucabanga okujulile, futhi futhi luyanda kakhulu kangangokuba alushiyi ngisho nesikhathi sabantwana sokufunda ngaphandle kwekilasi.
MH: Siyazi ukuthi unezingane, uzizwa kanjani uma ubona ukuthi njalo ntambama usebenzisa isikhathi sakho samahhala wenza umsebenzi wesikole nokuzivocavoca umzimba?
I-EB: Ngenkathi ngiqala umkhankaso wemisebenzi efanele Guqula.org/losdeberesjustos indodana yami yayingenaso isikhathi sokudlala. Yilokho okwangilimaza kakhulu, ngibona ukuthi usuku lwakhe lwalungapheli kuze kufike isikhathi sedina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impilo yethu yayinenkinga ngokuphelele yimisebenzi nesikhathi esasinikele ngaso ukuze sifunde. Asikwazanga ukuphuma ngezimpelasonto, ngoba kwakumele enze umsebenzi wesikole omningi futhi afunde, ngangizwa ukuthi impilo yami neyomndeni wami wonke yayingasalawuleki. Kwakumangalisa ukubona ukuthi ntambama nezinsuku, unyaka nonyaka, kwakudingeka zisetshenziswe zivalelwa kanjani ekhaya, sonke sasikuphila njengesijeziso. Uhlala phakathi kokuswela usizo, ukuxakeka nokungabi nalusizo. Awufuni ukubuza umsebenzi wothisha, futhi uma ungafuni, uyazi ukuthi ingane yakho iyahlupheka. Okukhulu. Njengamanje ngingasho ukuthi ngijabule, ngoba izingane zami sezivele zinesikhathi esikhululekile futhi ziyayijabulela impilo yazo.
MH: Unjalo nomsebenzi wesikole we abazali noma eyabafundi?
I-EB: Umsebenzi wasekhaya njengayo yonke into unomzuzwana, iminyaka lapho kulindeleke ukuthi bonke abafundi bavuthwe, bakwazi ukuphatha isikhathi sabo, bese bebafanele ngempela. Ingane eneminyaka engu-6, 7 noma engu-8 kungenzeka ukuthi ayikakhuli ukuphatha isikhathi sayo noma ukuvalelwa ekamelweni lodwa, kube ngathi ibekelwe phansi. Uma umsebenzi wesikole uthunyelwa ezinganeni ezincane, umsebenzi wesikole ungowabazali kakhulu kunezingane. Umfundi weSecondary kufanele ngabe usevele uyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakhe futhi aphathe isikhathi abazokwenziwa ngaso. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele kukhunjulwe njalo ukuthi ingane echitha amahora ayi-7 ngosuku ekilasini, njengoba kwenzeka eSecondary, ayinakudingeka ukuthi ifunde futhi yenze umsebenzi wesikole amahora amaningi kamuva, ngoba usuku lwayo selivele lude kunalokho yomuntu omdala.
MH: Bekungeke yini kufaneleke kakhulu ukuwaqeda kunokuzithethelela?
I-EB: Ngokwethembeka, ngomthwalo wesikole izingane onawo, ngicabanga ukuthi umsebenzi wesikole ungaqedwa ngokuphelele. Kepha-ke, kufanele futhi sinake okuwela ngaphakathi kwalokho esikubiza ngokuthi yimisebenzi. Funda ngokwesibonelo, ingabe umsebenzi wesikole? Bangaba, kepha kuzofanele kwenzelwe ukuzijabulisa. Ukulinganisa kube yigama elibanzi elibandakanya ukumodareyitha nokunikeza incazelo noma isizathu sokwenziwayo. Ngicabanga ukuthi kunothisha abakhulu abakwaziyo ukugqugquzela abafundi babo futhi uma bebacela ukuba benze umsebenzi othile ekhaya angifuni bazizwe sengathi banqatshelwe ukuwenza.
MH: Phakathi komsebenzi omningi wasekhaya, imisebenzi yesikole kanye nezivivinyo, ucabanga ukuthi izingane zesikole samabanga aphansi zilahlekelwa ubuntwana bazo?
I-EB: Angithandi ukuhlanganisa, ngicabanga ukuthi yisimo esijwayelekile kepha esingajwayelekile. Ngihlala ngibeka isibonelo sami: ezinganeni zami ezintathu munye kuphela odlule kulesi simo. Ngakho-ke ngicabanga ukuthi kunamaphesenti amaningi ezingane ezilahlekelwa ubuntwana bazo, futhi kufanele sizilwele. Akubonakali kunempilo noma kufanelekile ekukhuleni kwengane echitha isikhathi sayo sobuntwana ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokudlala noma sokulala amahora adingekayo ngenxa yomthwalo omningi womsebenzi wesikole nezivivinyo.
Imisebenzi yangemva kwesikole ingaba yinhle uma ingane iyijabulela, kepha uma yenziwa ngabazali ngesifiso sokuqedela ukuqeqeshwa kwezingane zabo ukuze zikwazi ukuncintisana kakhulu, futhi bacindezele ingane, kungcono bangazenzi.
MH: Siyabonga kakhulu ngokuhlanganyela nathi Madres Hoy, Eva. Kodwa ngithanda ukukubuza umbuzo wokugcina. Iyiphi imfundo ongayifisa ezinganeni zakho futhi yini ongathanda ziyikhuthaze ezikoleni?
I-EB: Ngingathanda ukuthi imfundo igxile ezinganeni, izigqi zazo, izidingo kanye nezintshisekelo zazo. Manje izingane zibonakala kufanele zibe ngochwepheshe ezifundweni eziningi, zingenandawo yobuciko noma yombhalo, okudala kakhulu futhi okhiqiza ukwaneliseka okukhulu kubantu abaningi. Inani lokuqukethwe abakufundayo njengamanje, kepha abangakufundi, leqile, futhi alisizi ukubaphatha imizwa, ukuzazi bona noma ukwazi abanye. Kubonakala kimi kubalulekile ukuthi umfundi aqede ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe esethole into yakhe. Mazise ukuthi yini emenza ajabule futhi azimisele, noma ngabe yini, kusuka ekupendeni, ekucwaningeni, ekugundeni izinwele noma ekulungiseni izimoto. Futhi ube yisakhamuzi esinozwela, esihloniphayo futhi esizibophezele. Ngingathanda ukuthi imfundo igxile kakhulu enhlalakahleni nasekuthuthukisweni komphakathi kunempumelelo yezomnotho.