I-ADHD (ukuphazamiseka noma ngaphandle kokunakwa) okwamanje, enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ezingokwengqondo ezinganeni eziningi ezifunda isikole. Kakhulu kangako, ukuthi izidakamizwa ezihlose ukwelapha lesi “sifo” okuthiwa (esingaxhaswa ngezimali yi-Social Security) zikhule kakhulu. Yize empeleni, nangokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, kunezingane eziningi eziqhubeka nokuthola imiphumela emibi yezifundo ngoba azikatholakali zine-ADHD.
Manje, yonke le datha ibonwa ngabaningi njengento okufanele icatshangwe. Mhlawumbe ukuxilongwa ngokweqile kwenzeka? Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesilinganiso, ngokwesibonelo, uchwepheshe weClinical Psychology kanye noprofesa we-Psychopathology UMarino Perez, osixwayisa ngengozi yesikhathi eside yokwelashwa futhi isidingo sokuhlela kabusha amasu okusiza lezi zingane ngezinkinga zokunaka. Vuliwe "Madres Hoy»sikutshelile ngakho.
Ukuxilongwa ku-ADHD kuyakhula kepha futhi nokuphikisana
Kuyafisa ukwazi ukuthi bangaki omama nobaba abaningi abenzi intuit ukuthi izingane zabo zibe nenkinga zize zifinyelele eminyakeni yobudala besikole, futhi ngokuzumayo bathola ukuthi izingane zabo azingeni ohlelweni olujwayelekile lwezemfundo. Abakwazi ukunaka funda ukufunda, ukuhlala uzolile edeskini noma ukwenza umsebenzi ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe.
Kufanele kuthiwe, yebo, ukuthi kunokwehluka okuningi okuvela ezinganeni kuya kwengane, kunalabo abathi besebancane kakhulu bakhombisa njalo ukungaziphathi kahle: izingane ezikhuphuka noma yikuphi futhi ezingayiboni ingozi, ezilala kancane, hlala ufuna ukwenza izinto eziningi ngasikhathi sinye ... Icala ngalinye lihlukile futhi liyingqayizivele, noma kunjalo, lapho kunikezwa ukuxilongwa, amalebula ahlala njalo emhlabeni wonke. Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi be-neurology kanye nemfundo yezingane zisencane, okwenzekayo i-pathologization yezinkinga ezijwayelekile ze- ebuntwaneni.
Kodwa-ke, ake sibheke ngokucophelela indlela ngayinye ukuqonda isimo ngokuthe xaxa.
Ukuxilongwa ngokweqile noma ukuthula kwengqondo kokwazi ukuthi kwenzekani ezinganeni zethu
Omama nobaba abaningi bayazola lapho ekugcineni uchwepheshe ebatshela ukuthi kungani izingane zabo zinenkinga enzima kangako yokufunda ukufunda nokubhala: "ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder."
Kamuva, udokotela wezinzwa, ngemuva kokuncoma umuthi othile, uvamise ukubatshela isizathu esenza izingane zabo zenze ngale ndlela:
- I-ADHD isekelwe kwezinzwa ngokuncipha okuncane emijikelezweni yokulawula exhumana nezindawo ezimbili zobuchopho: i-prefrontal cortex ne-basal ganglia. Lezi zindawo zixhumana ngama-neurotransmitter amabili abalulekile: i-dopamine ne-norepinephrine.
- Ngokukhishwa okuyize kwalezi zinto, i-neurotransmission iyashintshwa, ithinte ukunakwa, ukuqapha, inkumbulo yokusebenza nokulawulwa okuphezulu.
- Imithi efana ne-'Concerta 'noma i-'Rubifen' iqukethe i-methylphenidate, i-amphetamine okwandisa ukutholakala kwe-dopamine ukuthuthukisa ukugxila nokufunda.
Ukutholakala kwengane kanye nemithi ehambisanayo kuvumela imindeni nezikhungo ukuthi ziqonde kangcono leyo ngane noma lowo mfundi. Kodwa-ke, kunokuthile okumele sicacise ngakho Ezimweni eziningi, umuthi unganikezwa uma nje sisondela ezintweni ngendlela ehlukile, ngendlela ebucayi, esondele kakhulu, enamasu enqondo okuziphatha nokuziphatha okwanele nomthamo omkhulu wothando.
- Abanye bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kuqhuma kokutholakala kwezingane ezine-ADHD kungenxa ye- udinga ukuvumelanisa izintshisekelo: imindeni thola incazelo "eqinisekisa ngandlela thile", odokotela, othisha sebevele bayazi ukuthi yini abangayilindela, futhi abenzi bezidakamizwa batshale imali ethe xaxa.
Akungabazeki ukuthi kuyaphazamisa ngandlela thile ukucabanga ngale ndlela, noma kunjalo, okuhlala kunjalo Into esabisayo ukuthi inkinga yokusebenza kwezemfundo neyesikole iphenduka into ethile yomtholampilo, entweni ethile yezokwelapha yokwelapha ngalelo philisi lansuku zonke ingane eliphuza lonke ibhulakufesi noma lihlukaniswe laba izingxenye ezimbili.
Kodwa-ke, futhi konke kufanele kushiwo, yize kunemiphumela emibi eminingi kunezingane okuthi, kanye nemithi kanye nokwesekwa okwanele komndeni nasesikoleni, bakwazile ukuyeka imishanguzo ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu kwaze kwaba seqophelweni lokuba abafundi abenza kahle kakhulu. Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, icala ngalinye, ingane ngayinye, ihlukile futhi yehlukile.
Ukuxilongwa kudinga, ngaphezu kwakho konke, umsebenzi wokuhumusha
Abanye bathi empeleni, i-ADHD ayikho, ukuthi ayikho imvelaphi yezinzwa nokuthi akunakuba noshintsho ebuchosheni, okukhona empeleni yingqondo efuna ukutolika umhlaba ngenye indlela nangenye indlela. Akukho okudlula lokho.
Hhayi-ke ngeke singene lapha ukuphikisana ngokuthi ngabe i-ADHD ingokoqobo noma cha, ngoba okungokoqobo lusizi lwemindeni, umzamo wezezimali, womuntu siqu nowomzwelo walabo bobaba nomama ejwayele ukuhlangana nethimba le-psychopedagogical lesikhungo, nothisha ngaphandle kwesikhashana, nodokotela, nezingxoxo eziningi kangaka nezingaka nalezo zingane esifuna kakhulu kuzo, ngaphandle kwazo ukuqonda kahle ukuthi kungani "zihluke kakhulu."
Kuyinto entekenteke eqondwa yimindeni kuphela uqobo, ngakho-ke, lokho Ngaphezu kwezimpikiswano zangaphakathi phakathi kwezazi zezinzwa, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, othisha noma izimboni ezinkulu zemithi, okuwukuphela kwento omama nobaba abayidingayo imihlahlandlela yosuku nosuku.
Ungayisiza kanjani ingane ene-ADHD
Ukuxilongwa kufanele njalo kulandelwe ukutolika okwanele.Ngabe kubalulekile ukuthi ingane yami iphuze imishanguzo? Qonda ukuthi umuthi "umanyolo" omncane ongakhishwa ngawo noma ungezwe okwesikhashana inqobo nje uma sinikeza ingane amasu anele osuku nosuku.
- Sesha imibono yesibili, yesithathu neyesine, imithi ayilona ikhambi njalo. Kuyasiza kepha akusona isisombululo sokugcina se-ADHD.
- Ufuna noma cha uzoba yingcweti kumasu wokuqonda-wokuziphatha ukuphatha isikhathi sakho, ukunaka kwakho, indlela osebenza ngayo, ukuhlela imisebenzi yakho.
- Ngaphandle kokuxhaswa yisikhungo akukho esingakwenza. Kubalulekile ukuthi ithimba lokufundisa kanye ne-psychopedagogical lesikhungo libambe iqhaza emsebenzini wokunikeza amasu anele enganeni ene-ADHD.
- Kufanele sisebenze izwe elingokomzwelo yengane. Ucabanga ukuthi isikhathi eside ubhalwe ukuthi "ingane enamahloni, engenalwazi, futhi engakhanyi kahle."
- Qonda ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi, ku lapho ukhuphuka isinyathelo futhi uzuze okuthile, kuvela inkinga entsha. Ukubekezela nothando kufanele kube yizikhali zakho ezinhle kakhulu.
Imisebenzi efana nokubhukuda noma i-yoga yezingane iyathakazelisa kakhulu ukwelapha i-ADHD. Unganqikazi ukuvuleleka kunoma yisiphi isiphakamiso, kunoma iyiphi indlela engalungela indodana yakho noma indodakazi yakho ikakhulukazi.
Njengoba kungabonakala kunelukuluku, ngemuva kwaleyo minyaka yokuqala yokuphoxeka, izinyembezi, nezimpi zansuku zonke, umphumela kusasa abafana namantombazane agqamile ngempela. Abantu abazisa umzamo omkhulu obenzelwe obaba nomama babo.