I-American Academy Yezingane, usungule umhlahlandlela kodokotela bezingane nabanye ochwepheshe bezempilo ukuthi basebenzise uhlelo olusha oluphuthumayo lokungezwani komzimba ne-anaphylaxis; Ngale ndlela, kunikezwa ukwelashwa okusesikhathini okwengeziwe futhi okufanele kwalokhu kubonakaliswa kokungezwani komzimba, esasikhulumile ngayo. Njengoba wazi, i-anaphylaxis ithinta izitho eziningana ngasikhathi sinye futhi ukubonakaliswa kwayo okuyizimpawu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhuluNgaphezu kokuba bukhali (emizuzwini embalwa isithombe esibi singavela kumuntu othintekile)
Amacala abucayi kakhulu angaba nomphumela obulalayo; ngakho-ke kusukela ekuqaleni kokuphendula kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Kubalulekile ukwazi okwengeziwe nge-anaphylaxis nendlela esebenza ngayo, ngoba yize inkomba eyisisekelo kunazo zonke ukuthi ushayele inombolo ephuthumayo ngokushesha, noma yimuphi uthisha noma umuntu ophethe izingane akufanele abe nolwazi oluphelele mayelana nokungezwani komzimba, kepha futhi nokuthi ungazixazulula kanjani izinkinga ezingayekethisa impilo yabancane.
I-Anaphylaxis iyisibonakaliso esibi kakhulu sokungezwani komzimba nakho konke, futhi ekuthuseni kwe-anaphylactic (okuzwile ukuthi kukhona) kubangela ukwehla kwengcindezi yegazi nokubandakanyeka kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Kwenzekani ukuqala ubuhlobo be-anaphylactic? Imvamisa ukusabela okweqile ngokwakho ngemuva kokuchayeka kwabaguliswa ukungezwani komzimba kuma-antibodies e-IgE, kubangela ukuthi amangqamuzana abangele izimpawu ngokukhipha izinto; enye yazo i-histamine, ekwazi ukusuka ku-urticaria kuya ekucinaneni kwe-bronchi, edlula kubomvu, phakathi kokunye ukubonakaliswa. Kanjalo, Lapho izinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-mast cell nama-basophil zikhipha izinto ezahlukahlukene ngendlela "yokuqhuma", singakhuluma nge-anaphylaxis.
Inkomba
Ukwazi i-Anaphylaxis.
Okokuqala, ngithanda ukugcizelela ukuthi isithombe esiyizimpawu esizosibona ngezansi asihlali siyisifo i-anaphylaxis, ngoba asiphenduli ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho umzimba usabela khona, kulokhu kuthiwa yi-non-allergic anaphylaxis, futhi izimpawu ezifanayo zikhona, kodwa azihlobene nokusabela kwama-antibodies. Ngezimpawu ezahlukahlukene, i-anaphylaxis ithinta, njengoba sishilo, okungenani amasistimu ama-2 omzimba. Ingabonisa njengobunzima, kepha futhi ngokulingene nangobumnene, kulokhu isikhumba, umgudu wokuphefumula ongaphezulu, nokushayana okuncane ku-bronchi kungathikamezeka. Lapho sikhuluma ngokubonakaliswa kwe-servera, i-cyanosis, ubunzima benhliziyo ukugcina isigqi, izimpawu zokuphefumula ezinzima noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi (futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukuboshwa kokuphefumula) kuyavela.
I-Spanish Association of Pediatrics ithi ukusabalala "kubukelwa phansi", ngoba izimpawu ezinesizotha noma ezilinganiselayo azibhekwa njenge-anaphylaxis ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kubantu bonke, izibalo zikhuluma ngamaphesenti ayi-0,05 kuya kwamabili (ayanda), kanti nasezinganeni ukubhebhetheka akwaziwa. Kufakazelwe eminyakeni yamuva nje ukuthi kunokwamukelwa okuningi esibhedlela ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-3/4, intsha kanye nabantu abadala. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi e-United States, icala elilodwa lokungezwani komzimba nokudla i-anaphylaxis livela njalo ngemizuzu eyisithupha. Ukufa kuphansi, yize kungakhathazi kangako ngalokho.
Ngakho-ke kuyisifo semvamisa ephawulekayo, yize kuphela amaphesenti amancane wamacala anemiphumela ebulalayo. Kuyacaca ukuthi imbangela ihlala i-allergen, futhi ngale ndlela: imithi, ukudla nezindosi (izinyosi / iminyovu). Ezinganeni izimbangela zivame ukuba amaprotheni obisi, amantongomane, inhlanzi noma izimbaza namaqanda.
Akunakuphikwa ukuthi (futhi lokhu kuphawulwe kaningi, ukuthi abantu abanezinto ezibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba nokudla, kanye nemindeni yabo (esimeni seziguli ezingaphansi kweminyaka yobudala), kumele bachithe isikhathi esiningi bekhetha ukudla okuhlanganisiwe, njengoba kwesinye isikhathi amalebula wokuchaza eba ukuzijabulisa); Y vele ubeke phambili ukudla okuyisisekelo nokukhonjwa kalula; njalo kungabandakanyi lezo ezinokungezwani komzimba.
Ngisibona kanjani isiqephu se-anaphylaxis?
Izimpawu zizocatshangelwa ngokuphelele, ngoba zinamalungu amaningi; ngakolunye uhlangothi zingahluka kubantu abahlukile. Ukusabela kuqala ngendaba yemizuzu futhi kungahlala amahora; kepha ngemuva kokunyamalala, bangavela futhi (biphasic anaphylaxis). Kulinganiselwa ukuthi amaphesenti angama-80 e-anaphylaxis athinteka esikhunjeni (imfudumalo, ububomvu, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kwezitho zangasese / izindebe / amajwabu amehlo, isifuba esinezinyosi). Ezinye izimpawu yilezi:
- Izinkinga emkhakheni wokuphefumula: ukuminyana, ukuthimula, ukukhwehlela, ukuminyana, i-glottis edema, ...
- Ubuhlungu bendawo esiswini, ukuhlanza noma isifo sohudo (noma kokubili), amajaqamba, ubuhlungu.
- Ukwehliswa kwe-TA kuze kufinyelele ekushayweni; futhi ngenxa yalokho isiyezi, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi noma ukungaboni kahle.
- Ukubandakanyeka kwenhliziyo.
Indlela nokuvimbela i-anaphylaxis.
La I-IM epinephrine ukwelashwa kokukhetha kokuqala futhi akukho ukuphikisana, unikezwe ukuphuthuma kwalesi simo. Ngokusho kwe-AEPaP, kufanele isungulwe ngokusola ukuhlangabezana nenqubo yokuxilonga noma ezinganeni ezinomlando wangaphambilini we-anaphylaxis (noma ngaphandle kwezinqubo zokuxilonga). Njengoba kulandiswa kuvidiyo elandelayo, umjovo uhanjiswa engxenyeni enkulu yangaphandle yethanga (ingxenye engaphandle). Ukuphathwa kufanele kwenziwe ngezikhathi zokuqala, kucatshangelwa ukuthi abanenkinga yokungezwani komzimba bavame ukuphatha ama-auto-injectors kojosaka noma izikhwama, nokuthi banabo nasezikoleni.
Ukunakwa! Akekho umuntu ophethwe i-anaphylaxis futhi onenkinga yokuphefumula noma yokuhlanza okufanele ahlale elele phansi, kodwa ame kancane.
Kepha ngasikhathi sinye lapho umuntu othintekile elele phansi (imilenze iphakanyisiwe), kuyanconywa (futhi kufanele kuhanjiswane nayo) ukushayela inombolo ephuthumayo engu-112, noma 061 yezimo eziphuthumayo zezempilo, kanye nokulandela ngqo izinyathelo ezikhonjisiwe , kusiza uchwepheshe wezempilo kolunye uhlangothi lomugqa, lonke ulwazi olucelayo. Uma eselashwe endaweni lapho kwenzeke khona lesi siqephu, futhi wadluliselwa esibhedlela, uzohlala ebhekwa
I-allergenist isola i-anaphylaxis ngaphambi kwezimpawu zokungazwani komzimba okubandakanya izitho ezi-2 noma ngaphezulu; Y kuthatha umlando ophelele wezokwelapha ukuthola imbangela nokwenza lula ukuvimbela.
Izithombe - UGeorges hodan, umagazine,
Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula