I-Agalactia , noma i-hypogalactia, igama elihlobene nokubeletha kanye nokuncelisa. Lichazwa ngokuthi "ukuntuleka kobisi lwebele ngenxa yenkinga yezindlala ," okusho ukuthi umama akakwazi ukuncelisa ingane yakhe ngenxa yokungabikho kobisi noma ubuningi obanele. Le nkinga ngokuvamile ayivamile, kodwa ikhona, futhi ukuvela kwayo kuye kwanda ezikhathini zamuva ngenxa yezindlela zokuphila zesimanje, lapho ukucindezeleka kudlala indima ebalulekile.
Iyini i-agalactia?
I-Agalactia yisifo esithinta ukukhiqizwa kobisi lwebele ngemva kokubeletha futhi singabonakala ngezindlela ezahlukene. I-Hypogalactia , ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhekisela ekukhiqizweni kobisi okungadingekile kangako ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomntwana. Ngokwemvelaphi, leli gama livela egameni lesiGreki elithi galaktos , elisho "ubisi."
I-Prolactin yi-hormone ebangela ukukhiqizwa kobisi, kanti i-oxytocin ibangela ukukhishwa kobisi. Lezi zinqubo zama-hormone ziqala ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa, yize ukukhiqizwa kobisi okuphezulu kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
Izinkinga ze-agalactia
Izimbangela ze -agalactia kanye ne-hypogalactia ziyahlukahluka futhi zingafaka ukungalingani kwama-hormone, ukucindezeleka, izimo zomzimba, kanye nezifo eziyisisekelo, phakathi kwezinye. Ngezansi, sizochaza ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu.
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kweHormonal: Ukushintsha kwamazinga amahomoni, ikakhulukazi i-prolactin ne-oxytocin, kungaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kobisi okwanele. A i-hypothyroidism Ukungaxilongwa noma ukungelashwa nakho kungaba nomthelela omubi kule nqubo.
- Ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka okungapheli kuthinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone ngakho-ke kuvimbela i-prolactin ukuthi ingafihlwa ngenani elifanele. Ezimweni eziningi, ukukhathala ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo ngemva kokubeletha kungaba yimbangela.
- I-hypoplasia yebele: Kubhekiselwa ekuntulekeni kwezicubu zezindlala emabeleni, okuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kobisi okwanele. Lesi simo asihlobene ngempela nosayizi webele; Umuntu onamabele amancane, ezikhathini eziningi, angakhiqiza ubisi olwanele.
- Izifo ze-Autoimmune: Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma izifo zegilo nazo zingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizweni kobisi.
- I-Sheehan syndrome: Kuyinkinga engavamile ngemva kokubeletha, etholakala ku-necrosis ye-pituitary gland ngenxa yokopha okukhulu ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Lokhu kudala ukuntula ekukhiqizeni i-prolactin, futhi, ngakho-ke, cishe ukungakwazi ukukhiqiza ubisi.
Izinto ezihilelekile ekukhiqizeni ubisi
Kunezici ezihlukene ezingaba nomthelela ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile ekukhiqizeni nasekukhiqizweni kobisi lwebele. Ngaphezu kokungalingani kwama-hormone, indlela yokuphila nemikhuba ethile ingaba nomthelela omkhulu ekunceliseni ibele. Ake sibheke ezinye zazo:
- Izidakamizwa kanye nemithi: Eminye imithi, njengezivimbela-nzalo ezisekelwe ku-estrogen noma leyo ethinta isimiso se-endocrine, njengokwelashwa kokungazali, inganciphisa inani lobisi olukhiqizwayo.
- Ukubhema notshwala: Ukusetshenziswa kogwayi notshwala nakho kungaphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kweprolactin eyanele, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise inani lobisi olutholakala enganeni.
- Inkulumo yephampu yezandla noma yebele: Ukumunca komntwana lapho encela ibele kuyisihluthulelo sokugcina ubisi lukhiqizwa. Uma umntwana engamunyi ngokwanele noma enza kanjalo ngendlela engafanele, umama angasebenzisa iphampu yebele ukuze akhuthaze ukukhiqizwa.
- Ukulahlekelwa ingxenye ye-placenta: Uma ingxenye ye-placenta ingakhishwa ngokuphelele ngemva kokubeletha, ingashintsha amazinga e-hormone futhi ivimbele i-lactogenesis.
Ukwelashwa kwe-agalactia ne-hypogalactia
Ngenhlanhla, ezimweni eziningi, i-agalactia iyalungiseka, futhi kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezingasiza omama ukuthi bakhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kobisi. Lapha sichaza ezinye zezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokubhekana nale nkinga.
1. Ukuncelisa ibele
Indlela engokwemvelo yokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kobisi iwukumunca njalo umntwana. Kutuswa ukuba umntwana abekwe ebeleni phakathi kuka-8 no-12 izikhathi ngosuku. Lokhu kukhuthazwa njalo kwenza kusebenze ukukhiqizwa kwe-prolactin ne-oxytocin, ekhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kobisi. Uma ingane ingamunyi ngokwanele, ukusebenzisa ipompo yebele kungaba enye indlela enhle.
2. AmaGalactogogue
Kwezinye izimo, ama-galactagogues (imithi noma amakhambi akhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kobisi) anganikezwa uchwepheshe wezokwelapha. Enye yama-galactagogues avame ukunikezwa yi -domperidone , ekhulisa amazinga e-prolactin ngokuvimbela i-dopamine. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kulawulwe futhi kugadwe, njengoba kungaba nemiphumela emibi.
3. Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
Ngaphezu kwemithi, abesifazane abaningi baphendukela emithini yezitshalo efana ne-fenugreek. Nakuba ubufakazi obusekela ukusetshenziswa kwayo bungenaso isiqiniseko, abesifazane abaningi babike ukuthuthuka ekukhiqizweni kwabo kobisi ngemva kokuyithatha. Kunconywa njalo ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziswe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze kugwenywe ukusebenzisana okungenzeka noma imiphumela emibi engafuneki.
4. Ukwehliswa kwengcindezi
Ukucindezeleka kuyisivimbeli esinamandla sokukhiqizwa kobisi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthi omama bathathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa amazinga abo okucindezeleka ngemva kokubeletha. Amasu okuphumula njengokuzindla , i-yoga, noma ukumane uzilolonge ngokujulile ukuphefumula kungaba usizo kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba nenethiwekhi yokusekela eqinile, eyakhiwe umndeni, abangane, noma ochwepheshe bezempilo, kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekululameni ngokomzwelo kukamama.
5. Ukudla okwanele
Ukudla okunomsoco okunomsoco kubalulekile ekukhiqizeni ubisi okwanele. Ukudla okunothe ngamafutha anempilo, amaprotheni nama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi kufanele kube khona ekudleni komama kwansuku zonke. Ukwengeza, ukuzinika amanzi ngokwanele - okungenani amalitha amabili amanzi ngosuku - kubalulekile ukuze uzuze ubisi lwebele olusezingeni eliphezulu.
Ukubaluleka kokuncelisa ibele
Ukubaluleka kokuncelisa akunakuphikwa; akugcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngezakhamzimba ezibalulekile umntwana azidingayo ukuze akhule, kodwa futhi kuqinisa isibopho esingokomzwelo phakathi kukamama nomntwana. Kufakazelwe ngokwesayensi ukuthi izingane ezinceliswayo zinezivikelo zomzimba eziqinile, ezizivumela ukuba zilwe nezifo ezahlukahlukene kusukela zisencane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubisi lwebele lucebile ngamasosha omzimba avikela ingane ezifweni. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-World Health Organization (WHO) incoma ukuncelisa ibele kuphela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zokuphila kwengane.
I-Agalactia kanye ne -hypogalactia akuzona izimo ezingalungiseki. Ngokungenelela okufika ngesikhathi nangokufanele, omama abaningi bangabuyisela ubisi lwabo futhi baqhubeke nokuncelisa izingane zabo ngempumelelo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi wonke umama uhlukile nokuthi ukwelashwa kumele kwenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze kuphumelele ngempela. Ekugcineni, isihluthulelo sisekuthatheni isinyathelo kusenesikhathi futhi njalo ufune ukwesekwa kochwepheshe abangochwepheshe ekunceliseni.