I-Anxiolytics yizithambisi ezinqunyelwe ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda izimpawu zokukhathazeka ukuthi umuntu angahlupheka, kokubili umuntu omdala nomncane.
Impikiswano iza lapho la ma-anxiolytics ethathwa yizingane, ngoba ezikhathini eziningi akukho emibonweni yethu ukuthi ingane ingahlupheka ngalokhu uhlobo lokuphazamiseka. Amaqembu amabili amakhulu ama-barbiturates nama-benzodiazepines. Umbuzo uwukuthi Kufanele bazisebenzise nini futhi baye kuchwepheshe?
Izimpawu nezimpawu
Izingane ezihlushwa loluvalo noma ukukhathazeka amagama azo anokuphazamiseka kwe- ukukhathazeka okujwayelekile (GAD).
I-GAD itholakala lapho izimpawu zibangela usizi kubalulekile enganeni noma ekulimaleni kwezenhlalo noma kwezemfundo ukusebenza kwayo empilweni yazo ejwayelekile, ngaphezu kwalokho ingane kufanele ibe nezimpawu ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ezichazwe ngezansi:
- Yiba nobunzima naka futhi bangaba engasebenzi kahle nokungazinzi (ukuyaluza nokwethuka).
- Phakathi kwezinye izimpawu eziningi, kungabonakala ukuthi balala kabi kakhulu noma banakho izinkinga zokulala
- Bazizwa ngikhathele futhi ukhononde ngokuhlukahlukene ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba, isibonelo: ubuhlungu besisu, ubuhlungu bemisipha noma ikhanda
Imvamisa ngalezi zinhlobo zezimpawu zivame ukwelashwa ngokungenelela ukwelashwa kwengqondo, kepha uma bengaluphenduli lolu hlobo lwezokwelapha kufanele babhekise kuhlobo lwe izidakamizwa ze-anxiolytic.
Yize unikezwe iqiniso futhi ngokususelwa ezibalweni i-UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence isho lokho akufanele inqunywe ekuqaleni ngezimpawu zokucindezeleka okuncane, kepha empeleni kuyenziwa. Futhi ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, ama-anti-depressants enzelwe ukuthi asetshenziswe kuphela kanye nokwelashwa kwengqondo.
Ngabe ezinye izinhlobo zezinye izindlela zingabekwa?
Yebo, impela, ngokuya ngochwepheshe, isimo kanye nesimo sabazali esimweni esinjalo. Ngokunikezwa leli qiniso, ukuhlolwa kungenziwa futhi kuhlongozwe olunye uhlobo lomgwaqo.
Ngaphambi kokufika ezingeni lokunikeza izingane ama-anxiolytics ukwelapha izimo zemizwa kungazanywa ukusetshenziswa kokuphumula kwemvelo ukuze zisize ingane yehlise umoya futhi ngaleyo ndlela ingashintshi impilo yayo, njengoba lolu hlobo lomuthi luzovumela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuba nemiphumela emibi.
Ezinye izibonelo zingaba njalo ukuthatha amakhambi ngezimfanelo eziphumulele futhi kungasiza izingane ukulawula izinkinga zakho zemizwaPhakathi kwazo singathola amakhambi alandelayo ongawathatha njengokumnika:
- I-Chamomile: Kuthulisa ukukhathazeka nezinzwa, kukhuthaza ukulala futhi kunakekele impilo yokugaya ukudla kwengane. Phakathi kwezinkomishi ezi-2 nezingu-3 zalesi simiso ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokudla.
- Linden: Kunconyelwe ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa futhi kungenzeka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ezinganeni. Kunconywa ukuthatha lapho ingane inanoma yiziphi izimpawu noma ngaphambi kwesimo esiphazamisayo, esimenza abe novalo noma akhathazeke.
- I-Passionflower noma i-passionflower: Inezinto zokuthambisa nezokuphumula, leli khambi lilungele izingane ngoba alibangeli ukuphikisana.
Okuodwa ukuphazamisa esingakuthola ukuthi lolu hlobo lokwelashwa ngezitshalo zemvelo kuhamba kancane kepha kuyasebenza nje, kepha kuvele kube wusizo ezinganeni zokuthuthukisa izimo zazo futhi zizizwe zingcono kakhulu.
Lapho ama-anxiolytics abonakala njengenkinga
Yilapho kuvela ukungabaza kanye nezimpikiswano ngokusetshenziswa kwayo. Izikhathi eziningi esikhundleni sokucabanga ngokushintsha imvelo esihlala kuyo, sikhetha ukuguqula ubuchopho ngalezi zidakamizwa ukuze zivumelane nemvelo, ngakho-ke, lokhu kuphazamiseka sekuqala ukuqedwa njengenkinga ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okukhulu, ngoba umuthi usetshenziswa njengendawo yokuqala.
Ngokusho kwabanye ochwepheshe, abaningi babo baba nesibindi sokuphikisana ngakho indlela yokucabanga yomphakathi wethu, ngoba umphakathi wethu uthanda izingane ezigqoke inyufomu ukungazihluphi kakhulu, kubona labo abahlukile bayinkinga. Njengesixazululo, kukhona "imishanguzo emihle" yokwelapha lezi zinkinga zengqondo, futhi kuyihlazo, ngoba kuvame ukunikezwa ubuwula obuningi.
Njengesiphetho ungacabanga ukuthi siyikho ngaphambi kohlobo lwebhizinisi ngoba kunesidingo. Ukuthatha nje isibonelo socwaningo lwe-WHO - olushicilelwe kwi-European Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology - kukhombisile ukuthi, Phakathi kuka-2005 no-2012, umkhuba wokunikezwa imishanguzo yokulwisana nengcindezi ezinganeni uye wakhuphukela emazingeni athusayo.
Futhi kwezinye izinhlobo zocwaningo kukhonjisiwe ukuthi, kule minyaka eyisikhombisa, kube nokwanda ekusetshenzisweni kwale mithiIzibonelo ukwanda kwama-54% e-United Kingdom, ama-26% e-United States, ama-60% eDenmark, ama-49% eJalimane kanye ne-17% eNetherlands.
Abanye ochwepheshe eSpain bavikela isikhundla esinjalo ngenxa yokuthi abanye ochwepheshe kulo mkhuba ofanayo benza ngale ndlela futhi kungenxa yokuthi 99% wezingane ezitholakele futhi welashwa ngama-amphetamine ngokuthola ukunakekelwa kokushoda kokungasebenzi kahle abaguli ngempela, kodwa ngibe yizisulu ze 'ukuxilongwa ngokweqile'eyenziwe odokotela bengqondo nemvume yabazali babo, njengoba befuna' iphilisi lomlingo 'eliqeda ukucasula izingane ezingakunikeza.
Ekuphetheni, lesi sikhundla siphikiswa kakhulu. Kungakhawulelwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-benzodiazepines ezinganeni ezimweni ezithile kakhulu ngoba ziyizinto ezingaba umlutha futhi zinemiphumela engafuneki yokuqonda kulesi sigaba esibalulekile sokukhula, njenge ukuthinta uhlelo lokunaka nokukhumbula.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungavuna ngoba itholakele iphesenti elibaluleke kakhulu labantu abadala abanokucindezeleka okukhulu, obekade enesifo sokukhathazeka ebesingalashwa ebuntwaneni noma ebusheni.
Ukusetshenziswa kungahluka ezicini eziningi kepha ukusetshenziswa kwaso uma kunesidingo kungasebenza ngokuphelele uma kwenziwa ngobuhlakani obuphelele.