Ukwazi ubulili bomntwana ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungenye yezikhathi ezijabulisa kakhulu. Kunobaba noma omama abalindele ukuhlangana naye ngosuku lokuzalwa, okubi kakhulu kithina esithanda ukuhlangana naye, sikunikeza uma sekwaziwa ubulili bengane nokuthi yiziphi izindlela odokotela abazisebenzisayo ukuthola.
Uhlelo olusebenza kahle kakhulu noluguquguqukayo lube njalo nge-ultrasound. Ukusuka Isonto lama-20 lokukhulelwa vele kunamathuba amaningi okuthi ingane izoba nezitho zangasese ezakheke kahle. Kodwa-ke, zikhona ezinye izindlela zokufuna ukwazi futhi ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ezimbalwa ezincane esizihlaziya kamuva.
Kusukela kuliphi isonto singakwazi ukwazi ubulili bomntwana?
Namuhla futhi ngenxa yokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene okungenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungenzeka ukulindela futhi uthole ubulili bomntwana. Kusukela evikini lesi-9 lokukhulelwa, ubulili bengane noma ingquza yayo izokhula ibe ipipi kubafana kanye nengquza emantombazaneni.
I-ultrasound ibilokhu iyindlela enqumayo kakhuluNgaphezu kokungabi kohlaseli. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuyindlela yokubuka isithombe okulula ukusibuka odokotela. odokotela abaningi emavikini angu-11 sebengabona izici ezithile, kodwa azithembeki ngokuphelele, ngaphandle uma kucaciswe ngokugcwele esithombeni.
Iyaqala kusukela ngesonto 14 kuya ku-15 Usuvele ulubone ucansi lwakhe, inqobo nje uma ukuma kwakhe kuvuma, lapho engaweqi khona imilenze futhi engasenawo abuyele emshinini we-ultrasound. ngokuqinisekile ngeviki 20 Kulapho ubulili bomntwana bungaqinisekiswa khona ngokuqiniseka okukhulu.
ngeviki 20 Kulapho lolu hlobo lwe-ultrasound lwenziwa nakanjani ukuze kutholwe iziphambeko ezingase zibe khona ekukhuleni komntwana, ukuhlaziya ukunyakaza kwakhe, ukunyakaza kwakhe, ubulili bakhe, ukuthi une-amniotic fluid, ukuthi izitho zakhe zinjani futhi ikakhulukazi inhliziyo yakhe.
I-Ultrasound ingenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu, kepha kwezinye izimo kungase kube nezikhathi okungelula ukuzibona ngeso lengqondo. Njengoba kuye kwenzeka kwezinye izikhathi, kuke kwaba nesikhathi lapho isitho sangasese sowesilisa siye sadideka ngokudlula inkaba noma ngokubeka isandla phambi kwayo. Ngezinye izikhathi izitho zangasese kungenzeka azikakhuli ngokugcwele.
Ezinye izindlela zokuthola ubulili bomntwana
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Kusukela ngesonto lesishiyagalombili ungenza isampula legazi likamama ukuze lihlolwe. Ucwaningo lwama-chromosome lungenziwa futhi kunganqunywa ukuthi luqukethe yini i-chromosome ye-Y, okuzocacisa ukuthi umntwana umfana. Uma lolu hlobo lwechromosome lungekho, maningi amathuba okuthi kuzoba ngowesifazane.
- Nge-amniocentesis. Lolu hlobo lokuhlola ngokuvamile lukhethekile kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile lwenziwa kwabanye omama ukuze bafunde uma kukhona i-chromosomal engavamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kuyisampula ehlaselayo, njengoba uketshezi lwe-amniotic olunamaseli engane luyakhishwa. Kwenziwa ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ikhona yini i-Down, Edwards noma i-Turner syndrome kanye nokuchaza ubulili bomntwana.
- kuyinto ukuhlolwa komchamo engathengwa emakhemisi futhi ngani kungenziwa ekhaya. Ngokuvamile inikeza ulwazi oluthile, kodwa aluthembekile ngo-100% futhi lungahluleka, ikakhulukazi uma i-hormone ithathwa noma uma kwenzeka kunengane engaphezu kweyodwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Por indawo ye-placenta. Uyena Indlela yeRamzi, ukutholakala okwenziwa udokotela wezifo zabesifazane lapho ukuhlaziya indawo ye-placenta ehlobene ne-fetus, ungathola ubulili bomntwana, ngisho nange-ultrasound yakho yokuqala. Kuyindlela ethembekile mayelana nama-98%.
- Enye indlela la itafula lamashayina. Unethuba lokuphumelela cishe ama-93% futhi isekelwe ekhalendeni lesiShayina. Isetshenziswa kwabesifazane abane-a iminyaka ephakathi kuka-18 no-45. Mane uqondanise iminyaka yowesifazane nenyanga yokukhulelwa ukuze uthole impendulo.