Abesifazane abaningi ngokwengeziwe banquma ukukhulelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isizathu esikhulu sihlobene nosesho lwe ukuzinza ngokwezimali nangokomzwelo, kanye nobunzima obukhona namuhla bokuthola ibhalansi phakathi komsebenzi wethu nokuphila komuntu siqu.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi nxazonke I-1 ye-9 ngayinye abesifazane ukhulelwe ngemva kweminyaka engu-40. Futhi lesi sibalo sikhula kakhulu.
Kodwa… Uyini umkhawulo wangempela wokuba ngumama? Sibonga imitholampilo ekunikezayo nge- isikhungo sokukhiqiza esiza abantulayo, isikhathi sokuba ngumama selulwe kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokubonisa amanani aqondile, sizohlola izici ezithile.
Ingakanani iminyaka efanele yokukhulelwa?
Owesifazane uba nezinguquko eziningana kusukela esigabeni sokuthomba kuze kufike ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Kubhekwa ukuthi isikhathi kuvundile iqala kusukela lapho isikhathi sakho sifika (ngesinye isikhathi usebusheni), nakuba inkathi yokuzala ephezulu izofakwa phakathi Iminyaka emi-20 nengu-25 mayelana. Ngaleso sikhathi, amathuba okukhulelwa anjalo 1 ku4 (okungukuthi kusuka ku-a 25%).
Uma owesifazane esefinyelele eminyakeni engu-30, ukuzala kowesifazane kuzoncipha kancane kancane. Lokhu kuzoqala ukuba semqoka kusukela eminyakeni engu-35.
Kusukela eminyakeni engu-40 ubudala, ukuntula inzalo kwabesifazane kuyaqalwa, kuze kube yilapho ithuba lokuvundiswa lingeke libe likhulu kunoyedwa. 8%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kucatshangelwa ukuthi izinga lama-ovules liphansi kuleyo minyaka eyishumi, nokuthi ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu iyanda, amathuba angempela okuba nomntwana ngaleso sikhathi aphakathi. 3 no-4%.
Ingakanani iminyaka yobudala yokukhulelwa?
Ukukhulelwa amaqanda akho kuzoxhomeka ngenxa yezinto eziningi. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi owesifazane ngamunye uhlukile, ngakho-ke, icala ngalinye kufanele liphathwe ngabanye. Kuyenzeka uthole abesifazane abanenkinga yokukhulelwa beneminyaka ephakathi kuka-20 no-25, abanye abangakhulelwa uma sebehlanganisa iminyaka engu-37.
Nazi ezinye izici ezingaba nomthelela ekuvundeni:
- Ukudla nokuzivocavoca: Ukudla ukudla okunomsoco kanye nemikhuba yezemidlalo kungandisa amathuba okukhulelwa.
- Isisindo: Kukhona ucwaningo oluthola ukuthi abesifazane abane-BMI ephakeme (isifinyezo se-Body Mass Index) banezinga eliphezulu lokungazali. Okusho ukuthi kuzobabiza kakhulu ukukhulelwa.
- Imikhuba emibi: ukusetshenziswa kotshwala noma ugwayi kuhlobene nokuncipha kwe-ovarian reserve yabesifazane, okubangela izinga lokungazali.
- Ukucindezeleka: ababaningi abakwaziyo, kodwa izimo ezidalwe yingcindezi nokukhathazeka ziyasithinta ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba. Ngakho-ke bangenza izinto zibe nzima uma kuziwa ekukhulelweni.
- Ezinye izici: ukuba ngaphansi kwamazinga aphezulu okungcoliswa kwemvelo, kanye nokuchayeka ezintweni ezithile ezinjengopende, amapulasitiki noma izibulala-zinambuzane, kwandisa ubunzima ekufezeni ukukhulelwa.
Nakuba kungeyona iminyaka yobudala, kunconywa ukuthi abesifazane bazame ukukhulelwa ngaphambili iminyaka 35, njengoba ngale ndlela amathuba okuwufinyelela azoba phezulu.
Njengoba sesibonile, ngemva kweminyaka engu-40 kuyoba nzima ukukhulelwa uwedwa. Nokho, ngemva 45 kuyoba cishe akunakwenzeka ukuyifinyelela.
Izinketho zokuzala: inketho yokuba ngumama kusukela eminyakeni engama-40
Lapho eneminyaka engu-40 ubudala, owesifazane uzobe esenendawo encane kakhulu ye-ovarian reserve kunaseminyakeni edlule. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inani lamaqanda atholakalayo ukuze kuzuzwe ukukhulelwa lizoba lincane. Ngendlela efanayo, izinga leqanda ngalinye lizophazanyiswa ukuguga kwama-ovari.
Njengokungathi lokhu akwanele, kufanele sengeze kulokhu ukuguqulwa kwe-aneuploidy nokuvamile okwenzeka kuma-ovules ngenxa yobudala bawo. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi lezi zimo zandisa ingozi yokukhishwa kwesisu okuzenzakalelayo, noma ukuthi ingane izalwe igula. Ukuvimbela noma yiziphi zalezi zimo ukuthi zingenzeki, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umntwana unempilo engaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40, kukhona amasu okuzala, njenge IVF nge-PGD o IVF namaqanda abanikeli. Ngaphezu kobunzima bokukhulelwa ngaleso sikhathi, kufanele sengeze izingozi zamasonto angu-40 okukhulelwa kuze kube yilapho umntwana ezalwa.
Lezi ngezinye zezingozi ezivame kakhulu: izinga lokukhishwa kwezisu okuzenzakalelayo likhuphukela ku-30%, isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic, izinkinga ze-thromboembolic, ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi, i-preeclampsia, ukukhubazeka komntwana, izinga lokubeletha elingaphezu kwama-35%, ukopha ngemva kokubeletha noma ukufa kwe-fetus intrauterine.
Manje uyazi okwengeziwe mayelana umkhawulo wokuba ngumama kanye nethuba lesibili ukuthi izinketho zokuzala zingasinika khona.