Zuva Gumiguru 10 izuva repasi rose rehutano hwepfungwa. Iyi nhaurwa yave taboo mutsika nemagariro edu, kunyanya kune vana nevechiri kuyaruka, zvisinei zvinhu zviri kuchinja uye zvishoma nezvishoma zvinonzwisiswa kuti pane imwe nguva muhupenyu hwedu, tinogona kutambura nekusagadzikana kwepfungwa.
Chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti muSpain hapana hunyanzvi hweMwana Mental Hutano hwepfungwa, asi kune yeSpanish Association yeVana neVadiki Psychiatry (AEPNYA) uye Mubatanidzwa weVasayendisiti veMwana neVachiri Kuyaruka Mental Health yeAlicia Koplowitz Foundation. Saka kana mwanakomana kana mwanasikana wako asina kunyatsodzivirirwa.
Kudiwa kwehunyanzvi muPfungwa dzeMwana dzeMwana
Musoro weChikamu cheVana neVechidiki Psychiatry chikamu cheGregorio Marañon Hospital, Dolores Moreno, mubvunzurudzo mupepanhau ABC inotaura nezve kudiwa kwehunyanzvi hwePfungwa Psychiatry kuti ive muSpain.
Izvi zvakasarudzika zviripo mune dzimwe nyika dzakasimukira. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti inosanganisira a yakanyanya kudzvanywa chikamu chevagari uye nekuwanda kwakanyanya kwehurwere hwepfungwa. Dai paive nekudzivirira kuri nani uye kurapwa pazera diki, mazhinji ehurwere hwepfungwa hunotapura nzanga yedu nhasi, nemubhadharo wekurapa uyo izvi zvinoreva, unenge uine kudzikiswa kukuru. Zvinoenderana nedata pakati pe50 ne80% yezvirwere zvepfungwa zvinotanga muhudiki.
KuAlicia Koplowitz Foundation, vanosimbisa kukosha kwehutano hwepfungwa muvana nevechiri kuyaruka nekuti kubvunzurudza kunowedzera nekukurumidza mushure memakore mashanu, pavanopindirana nebasa rechikoro uye kusimudzira kwavo kudzidza. Kana iwe ukaona kuti mwana ane matambudziko kuchikoro, mukudyidzana, kana iwe ukaona kuti dambudziko remuviri riri kusangana nemamiriro ake epamoyo, inogona kunge iri mureza mutsvuku.
Basa remhuri muhutano hwepfungwa
Zviripachena kuti vana havagone kurapwa, uye mifananidzo yavanoratidza pasina kurapa vabereki, dzimwe nguva vanasekuru nasekuru, pasina kutaura nevadzidzisi vavo, uye kunyangwe kubvunza kuna chiremba wevana kana chiremba mukuru. Zvakawanda vabereki havabvume izvi. Kana vakatora mwanakomana kana mwanasikana wavo kunovabvunza, ivo vanongotsvaga kuvimbiswa, vasina kugadzirisa chiri kukonzera dambudziko.
Ehe munharaunda medu pane kusagadzikana pamusoro pehukama hwekudyidzana kana kuti kune maitiro evabereki anoita kuti mwana anetseke. Dzimwe nguva mwana ndiye chiratidzo chehutano hwemhuri. Uye ndeyekuti mamiriro ezvinhu anokura mwana ane zvaanoona mukukura kwavo.
Zviitiko zvakajairika zvekuongororwa kwepfungwa zvinetsekana neiyo neurodevelopment, inosanganisira kucherechedzwa kwekushomeka kwehutano kusagadzikana (ADHD), autism (kunyanya mu ichi chinyorwa une rumwe ruzivo nezvake). Zvimwe zvinonetsa zve kuzvidya mwoyo, kushungurudzika zvakanyanya, kushungurudzika munharaunda, kushushikana kwepashure nekushungurudza uye kusarudzira mutism; kana kukanganisa kunokanganisa maitiro. Tinoda kubata zvakanyanya nenyaya yekusagadzikana kwekudya uye kushandisa zvinodhaka, izvo zvinonyanya kubata vechidiki zvakanyanya.
Kudya uye kushandisa zvinodhaka
Ruzhinji rwakanyanya kutarisa pamifananidzo rwuri kukonzera izvo panguva yekuyaruka, asi nekuwedzera huwandu muhudiki, kusagadzikana kwekudya kunosanganisira kushushikana kwakanyanya uye maitiro. Isu tinotaura nezve maitiro asina kujairika ane chekuita nekurema kana chikafu. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvine chekuita nemuviri zvine mukomana nemusikana pazera ramakore manomwe kana masere, uye ivo vanotanga kuita dzimwe tsika dzekudya zvisina kukodzera uye kusadzora pakati pemakore gumi nemasere negumi nerimwe.
ari zvinodhaka uye doro pachavo zvinokurudzira kutsamira. Vana vadiki vanotanga kuyedza kuputa uye kunwa pazera diki. Homwe imwe chete yatoreva mukana wakakura wekuvimba nepfungwa pane niocotine, nekuti inosanganisira vanhu vasina kukura. Iye achiri kuyaruka uyo asingabatanidzwe mune izvi zvimiro, kusvuta kana kunwa, anonzi akasanzwisisika, uye anogona kunzwa kunge akaparadzaniswa neboka.