Kutaura nezve bonding panguva yepamuviri kutaura nezve iyo kutaurirana kwaamai-nemwana kunova chikamu chehunhu hwemuzvarirwo hwehutachiona. Ichi chinamato chinoreva maitiro echisikirwo ayo amai vanonzwa nawo manzwiro uye nemanzwiro kumwana wavo, kusangana naye uye nekukudziridza hunhu hwavo hwamai. Kubatana uku pakati pemukadzi nemwana wake panguva yepamuviri kunozivikanwa sechisungo chemamai nemwana kana kusungirirwa kwepamuviri.
Vanenge vese vakadzi vanotanga yavo chisungo chaamai paunenge uchiziva nezve nhumbu yake, uye muzviitiko zvakawanda inosimbiswa semhedzisiro yeiyo yekutanga ultrasound, paunogona kuona mwana pachiratidziri. Apo mwana paanotanga kufamba, uye amai vachizvinzwa, kubatana kwe intrauterine kunosimba,
Neural shanduko yekubatanidzwa mune pamuviri
A Kubva pamazuva gumi nemashanu ehupenyu hwemucheche, shanduko yehomoni inotanga pamukadzi, iyo inoshanda pauropi hwako uye nemuviri wako wese. Mahormoni epamuviri anokonzeresa maitiro eurourobiological ayo anogadzirisa huropi hwamai. Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzichangobva kuitika dzinotaridza maseketi ehuropi ane chekuita nemhinduro dzevakadzi kuzvinhu zvinoonekwa uye zvekunzwa kubva kumucheche asati azvarwa.
Pakati pemwedzi wechipiri newechina wekubata, progesterone inowedzera kakapetwa kagumi kusvika zana muzana muuropi hwaamai, zvichinyanya kudzora mhinduro yayo kunetsekana. Iyo fetus inoburitsa zviratidzo izvo kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwemaurotransmitter muna amai sa oxytocin, prolactin uye dopamine.
Shanduro yeNeuroendocrine inobvumidza kuchengetwa kwemahombekombe akawanda eiyo occytocin, iyo mahormone erudo uye kuvimba, kugadzirira vakadzi kumatambudziko ekuva amai. Iyo epurasitiki shanduko inosangana nehunyanzvi system yevakadzi vane nhumbu inosimbisa chinosungirwa chisungo nemwanakomana wake achivimbisa kurarama kwake. Vakadzi vanokudziridza kusimba kwakasimba kwepamuviri vane hukama hwakasimba nemwana wavo panguva yekuyamwisa.
Kana chisungo chemuviri chichiitika
Kunyangwe mahormone uye neural shanduko dzinoita basa radzo, amai vanofanirwa kumisikidza chisungo chekubata pamuviri. Kana amai vakavharwa pamoyo, mwana asati azvarwa haazive zvekuita. Iyo yakakwana nguva yekuti iyi link isungiswe ndiyo yekupedzisira mwedzi mitatu yekuzvitakura, uye kunyanya maviri ekupedzisira. Asi zvinogona kuitika kuti fungidziro dzaamai nezvekuva mubereki kana mucheche dzinotyisa kana dzakanyanya kunaka, uye chiyero chinopedzisira chaiswa mukubatana kwakanyanya, kana kurambwa. Izvo zvemukati zviwanikwa uye kukura kwehukama hwaamai kunozoita sarudzo
Nokuda kwayo mwana anotanga kukudziridza chinongedzo naamai paanosvika makore masere ekuberekwa, inotanga kukura kunetseka kwekuparadzanisa, chimwe chinhu chakasikwa mukukura kwayo. Margaret Mahler anosimbisa kuti vana vese vanopfuura nepanhanho yekuparadzaniswa uye kusarudzika.
Ongororo dzichangoburwa dzakasimbisa kuti hunhu hwemwana pakati pemwedzi gumi nemisere nemakumi masere hunogona kufanotaurwa pachine nguva mberi nekuziva chete madzimai maitiro ekubatirira pamuviri. John Bowlby muma12, akasvika pakunzi mazita matatu ekubatanidza muvana, maererano nechisungo chakagadzirwa pakati pavo nevabereki vavo, vachengeti kana vachengeti. Gare gare yakawedzerwa kusvika kune imwezve. Kana iwe uchida kuvaziva tinokurudzira chinyorwa ichi.
Kusungirirwa mukuzvitakura, uye post nhumbu
Munguva yekuzvitakura uye mushure mekuzvarwa kwemwana, amai vanopfuura nhanho yakasarudzika muhupenyu hwavo. Sangana nemanzwiro matsva, fungidziro, kutya uye zvishuwo, kwayakadaidzirwa. renyeredzi remadzimai (Stern, 1997). Chiitiko chepamuviri ndeche danho rinogadzira kutsanangurwa kwevakadzi.
La Kuchengetedzwa kwepfungwa uko mukadzi ane nhumbu anokura kubva kwaari saamai kunokanganisa chisungo izvo zvauri kusika nemwanakomana wako kana mwanasikana kubva pawakazvitakura. Kubata pamuviri inguva inoshanduka apo kukwana kukuru uye kusagadzikana kunoitika. Mukadzi anodzokorodza nhoroondo yake yehukama, uye anowedzera mukana wekushushikana kana kugadziriswazve kwechirwere chekare.
Chidzidzo chakataurwa naCorrea naJadresic (gore 2000) chakaratidza kuti mumazuva makumi matatu mushure mekusununguka, iyo njodzi yekugara muchipatara yezvirwere zvepfungwa mumadzimai yaive makumi matatu neshanu pakureba kupfuura nhumbu isati yavapo. Pakati pezvinetso izvi vanyori vakaona postpartum dysphoria, isiri-psychotic postpartum kushushikana uye postpartum psychosis mune diki kwazvo muzana.