Kuziva mashandiro anoita huropi hwekuyaruka kuchatibatsira kuti tinzwisise zviri nani. Kutenda sainzi, uye neuroscience, isu tinogona kudzidza zvirinani shanduko dzayo uye kubatana kunoitika muhuropi hwechiri kuyaruka. Ruzivo rwese urwu rwuchatibatsira kuti tinzwisise zvirinani mafungiro ako, kuda kwenjodzi kana kunzwa kubatanidzwa uye kugamuchirwa muboka.
Mukuyaruka, huropi hunoshanduka zvakanyanya, hauchashandi senge hwevana, kana sevakuru. Tinofanira kuona iyo kuyaruka kunge a nguva yepamusoro neural plasticity.
Mashandiro anoita uropi hwekuyaruka
Chikamu chehuropi chinotora chakarebesa kukura ndiPrefrontal Cortex, chikamu chekutora sarudzo, kuzvidzora uye kuzviongorora. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei vechidiki havana hunyanzvi hwepfungwa.
Dzimwe nzvimbo dzehuropi dzinochinjawo zvakanyanya panguva yekuyaruka. Zvayo ndezve Yechinguva Cortex, inosanganisirwa mumutauro, ndangariro uye nzwisiso yemagariro mamiriro, uye iyo Parietal Cortex, inoenderana nekuronga kufamba, nzvimbo yekufamba uye multisensory kugadzirisa.
Imwe shanduko huru kwazvo muuropi mukuyaruka inoitika mu prefrontal lobes, iyo inokanganisa mabasa makuru, titendere isu kuronga uye kurongedza zvisarudzo nezviito, kugadzikana kwepfungwa uye kuzvidzora.
Zvakanakira wechidiki kana zvasvika pakudzidza
Zvidzidzo zvakasiyana zvinosimbisa kuti huropi hwevechiri kuyaruka hune mukana we dzidza zvirinani kuburikidza nemubairo. Mune ino nhanho uropi hwemunhu hune mhinduro yakanyanya kumubhadharo pane yekupedzisira, semunhu mukuru. Iyi nzira yekushanda huropi inobatsira kusagadzikana, kuratidzwa kune njodzi uye hukuru hwekuvandudza zvinodhaka.
Sekureva kweongororo yakaitwa nenyanzvi yetsinga Shohamy, mumwe mutsauko uripo pakati pehuropi hwechiri kuyaruka nehuropi hwevakuru ndechekuti iyo yekutanga yakaisa zviito zvekutsvaga mubairo mukunyanyisa. Shohamy akakoka vechidiki makumi mana nevana vari pakati pemakore gumi nematatu kusvika gumi nemanomwe, uye vakuru makumi matatu nevatatu pakati pemakumi maviri nemakumi matatu, kuti vatambe mutambo wevhidhiyo waisanganisira kusarudza kuti maruvai mapururifuru angasarudza. Kuburikidza nemifananidzo yehuropi hwevechidiki avo vakapinda mukuyedza, iyo hippocampus, yakakosha nzvimbo yekurangarira, yakatanga kushingaira. Iyi nharaunda yakashanda pamwe chete nenzvimbo yemubairo inonzi iyo striatum, uye haina kuchinjwa muvakuru.
Izvi zvinotungamira kumagumo ekuti, mukuyaruka, matunhu ese ari maviri anoshanda pamwechete, uye zvobva zvasaitika. Izvi zvinotsanangura chikonzero nei kudzidza kwanga kusiri kukosha kana kukurudzira kuchibviswa mundangariro.Social uye mamiriro ezvinhu ari kushanda vechidiki izvi zvinogona kuvabatsira kuchinjisa yavo IQ level, nekuti ivo vanoshanda zvakanyanya mueuronal synapses.
Kuyaruka, huropi hunotambura
Neuroscience inotibatsira kuti tinzwisise nzira dzinodzora kudzora kwekuchinja kwetsinga uye maitiro muuropi. Iyi sainzi inotinyevera nezve iyo kunetseka kwevechiri kuyaruka kana vakarara zvishoma. Kazhinji, vechidiki vanofanirwa kutora maawa masere kusvika mapfumbamwe ekurara pazuva. Kana wechidiki akarara kuma8: 9 dzemanheru uye isu tikamumutsa na23 kana 00 mangwanani, zvakafanana nekukumbira munhu mukuru kuti atange zuva rake na6 mangwanani.
Kumwe kwekusasimba kwehuropi hwevechiri kuyaruka ndekwekuti vanotarisana kuwedzera kwekunzwa kune ako manzwiro. Iko kusimudzira kwekubatana kwenzara kunoitika munzvimbo yemakumbo yeuropi, inova ndiyo inogara manzwiro. Ichi ndicho chikonzero vanokudza zvese. Kushungurudzika kunovarwisa nesimba rakakura kupfuura munhu mukuru, saka maitiro avo ane simba.
La hukuru hunhu hwehuropi mukuyaruka isangano nekukura. Javier Quintero, chiremba wepfungwa uye munyori webhuku rinonzi The Adolescent Brain, anotsigira kuti zvakakosha kuti unzwisise uye unzwire tsitsi nekuchinja kukuru kwehupenyu hwevechiri kuyaruka, kugadzirisa shanduko idzi semukana wekuvandudza muhukama pakati pevabereki nevana.