Yau ita ce Ranar Duniya ta Spina Bifida, mummunan lalacewar haihuwa wanda ke shafar cikakken samuwar kashin baya ko laka. Da spina bifida mafi yawan lalacewar jijiyoyin jijiyoyi, tare da anencephaly, rashin cikakkiyar samuwar kwakwalwa, da hydrocephalus, yawan ruwa a cikin kwakwalwa. Dukansu suna haifar da matsaloli daban-daban na jijiyoyin jiki.
Mun riga mun san hakan karatuttukan karatu da na'uran zamani suna ba da damar ci gaba da gano cututtukan mahaifa a cikin jarirai, idan ya cancanta, yi aikin cikin mahaifa wanda ke ba da tabbacin ingancin rayuwa a cikin yaran da aka haifa da wannan matsalar. Waɗannan ci gaban da sauran waɗanda ke faruwa a cikin magani sune muke son faɗi a rana irin ta yau.
Ci gaban da aka samu a farkon gano cututtukan kashin baya na yara
Karatu daban daban sun tabbatar da hakan ya riga ya yiwu a gano ɓarna na ɓarna, a cikin farkon farkon ciki, godiya ga nazarin sababbin sigogi a cikin sikanan tayi. A halin yanzu, yawanci ana gano shi daga mako na 17. Wannan matsalar ta rashin haihuwa na faruwa ne cikin tara cikin kowane ɗayan ciki 10.000.
Bangaren kiwon lafiyar masu amfani da Merck a Berlin ya gwada mata dubu 15.000 da ‘yan tayi 16.000. Nazari ne mai zuwa kuma mai yawa na IT game da fassarar intracranial, wanda aka bincika fa'idar auna sigogin duban dan tayi wanda yake nuni zuwa bangaren bayan kwakwalwar tayi a karon farko a cikin watanni uku. Don haka, ana iya ci gaba da gano cututtukan kashin baya daga makonni 11 da 13 na ciki, maimakon yin hakan a sati na 17.
Wannan aikin binciken an buga shi a cikin Jaridar Ultrasound. Yanzu likitoci da ƙungiyoyin ƙwararru a duk duniya dole ne su kimanta sakamakon kuma suyi amfani da su don inganta aikin asibiti.
Saka hannu da wuri a cikin jarirai masu cutar kashin baya
Saboda ana iya gano spina bifida yayin ciki, jariran da aka haifa da wannan nakasar bututun na jijiyar jiki na iya samun kulawa kai tsaye Sa hannu da wuri yana da mahimmanci, kuma wannan ana aiwatar dashi gaba ɗaya cikin awanni 24 da haifuwarsu. Yin aikin ya ƙunshi sakin jiki na jijiyoyin baya. Wani lokaci nasarar aikin ba zai hana gurguntar da nakasa kafafun jariri ba. Amma yana hana ƙarin lalacewar jijiya daga kamuwa da cuta ko rauni.
da Ayyukan ciki sune wadanda ake yi tare da jaririn a cikin mahaifar mahaifiya. Irin wannan tsoma bakin ya zama muhimmin haske na fata ga iyalai da aka gano da cutar sankarau na yara. Ana gudanar da ayyukan cikin gida tsakanin mako 18 zuwa 30 na ciki.
Mafi yawan “na kowa"shine lokacin da aka gano ɓoyayyen spina bifida, wanda gabaɗaya baya buƙatar magani. Meningocele, wanda bai hada da layin baya ba, ana sauya shi ta hanyar tiyata, to yawanci babu shanyewar jiki, kuma waɗannan yaran gabaɗaya suna samun ci gaba.
Ci gaban bincike da karatu daban-daban
A cikin sassan jami'o'i da asibitoci daban-daban, ana gudanar da bincike don gano cutar ta kashin baya da wuri-wuri kuma a gyara ta yadda ya kamata. Menene ƙari ana binciken kwayoyin halittu, masu nazarin jijiyoyin jiki da kuma mahalli wannan yana tasiri sakamakon rashin lafiyar jiki a cikin yara tare da spina bifida; ana yin kimanta tasirin spina bifida akan ci gaban jiki da wayewa yayin ƙuruciya.
Musamman, ana yin aiki da yawa, tare da sakamako masu kyau na aikin tiyata don gyara myelomeningocele, mafi tsananin nau'in cututtukan kashin baya. Yin aikin tiyata ya rage kasancewar kwayar cutar ta tsakiyar kwakwalwa da kashi ɗaya cikin uku. Adadin yaran da zasu iya tafiya da kansu ya ninka sau biyu.
Waɗannan shirye-shiryen binciken suna haɓaka wasu binciken da ke mai da hankali kan tsarin ci gaban amfrayo da matsayin abinci mai gina jiki kafin lokacin haihuwa. A wannan ma'anar, muna so mu tuna cewa, a yau, 21 ga Nuwamba, Ranar Spina Bifida ta Duniya, rana ce da za a wayar da kan mata masu ciki cewa wannan mummunan yanayin yana da sauƙin hanawa: dole ne ku sha kashi mai kyau na folic acid da kuma kula da wannan ɗabi'a a lokacin daukar ciki.