da halaye na Edwards ciwo Suna kama da wata cuta mai tsanani, bisa ga kididdiga, yara masu fama da wannan cuta ba su kai shekara ta farko ta rayuwa ba. Har ila yau, an san shi da trisomy 18, cuta ce da ke da mummunar hasashe.
Edwards ciwo yana bayyana kansa ta hanyar dogon jerin alamomi da cuta. Wannan shi ne saboda cuta ce da ke canza yanayin ci gaban jikin jariri.
Menene Edwards Syndrome
Menene halaye na Edwards ciwo? Cuta ce da ta zama ruwan dare gama gari wacce aka sanya wa suna bayan masanin ilimin halitta wanda ya gano ta. An kiyasta cewa yana shafar 1 a cikin kowane 5 da aka haihu, galibi mata. Edwards ciwo shine na biyu a cikin trisomies, a baya Ciwon Down.
Ciwon daji ne wanda ke haifar da lahani na kwayoyin halitta. Canjin yana faruwa daidai akan chromosome 18, sakamakon trisomy ko kwafi. Don haka, cutar kuma ana kiranta da "trisomy 18". A yawancin lokuta, ciki ba ya kai ga mutuwa saboda trisomy kanta yana haifar da zubar da ciki ba tare da bata lokaci ba a cikin na biyu da na uku.
Yayin da akwai alamomi da dama. akwai uku Edwards syndrome subtypes, bisa ga hanyar da trisomy ke faruwa. Bayan al'amarin, suna raba hoto mai ban tsoro: jikin jariri ba ya haɓaka da kyau, yana haifar da lahani na jiki da yawa. Kididdigar ta yi magana da kansu: kawai 7,5% na jariran da aka gano suna rayuwa fiye da shekara guda.
Nau'in trisomy
A cikin abin da ciwo ko canji a cikin chromosome, akwai daban-daban halaye na Edwards ciwo. Don haka, ya kasu zuwa uku:
Cikakken ko classic trisomy: shine nau'i na yau da kullum wanda cutar ke nunawa, tare da trisomy na chromosome 18 da ke cikin dukkanin kwayoyin halitta. Shi ne mafi tsanani subtype duk. Ƙarƙashin trisomy
Wani nau'i ne da ba kasafai ba wanda ciwon ya bayyana kuma yana faruwa ta hanyar rashin cikar kwafin chromosome. Gabaɗaya, waɗannan lokuta suna faruwa ne saboda rugujewar chromosome 18 da haɗin ɓangaren da aka raba zuwa wani chromosome na daban. Saboda haka, alamun sun bambanta sosai tunda suna da alaƙa da sassan chromosome waɗanda aka kwafi. Wannan nau'in nau'in ba shi da tsanani fiye da na baya.
A ƙarshe, akwai mosaic trisomy. wanda ke faruwa a lokacin da ba a sami ƙarin chromosome 18 a cikin dukkan ƙwayoyin jikin jariri ba, amma a wasu akwai kwafi 2 wasu kuma 3. Duk da cewa a cikin wannan yanayin haɗarin mutuwa da wuri yana da yawa sosai, yara masu irin wannan nau'in suna iya yin yawa. suna da cututtuka masu tsanani ko masu laushi, ko babu ko kaɗan.
Alamomin cutar Edwards
Daga cikin alamomi da halayen Edwards Syndrome sune kamar haka:
- Malformations a cikin kodan.
- Lalacewa a cikin zuciya.
- Wahalar cin abinci.
- Esophageal atresia (ba a haɗa esophagus da ciki)
- Omphalocele (hanji yana fitowa daga jiki ta hanyar cibiya)
- Matsalar numfashi
- Arthrogryposis (kasancewar kwangila a cikin haɗin gwiwa, musamman ma a cikin sassan).
- Rashin girma bayan haihuwa da jinkirin ci gaba.
- Cysts a cikin plexuses choroid, wanda ke samar da ruwa na cerebrospinal; Ba sa haifar da matsala amma alamar haihuwa ce ta ciwon Edwards.
- Microcephaly
- Micrognathia (mandible karami fiye da yadda ake tsammani).
- Harelip
- Lalacewar cikin kunnuwa.
- Faɗin idanuwan, ƙanana, faɗuwar fatar ido.
- Kirji yana fitowa a cikin yankin sternum.
- gajeriyar kashin mahaifa
- Rashin radius, wanda yake a cikin goshin hannu.
- Hannu sun rufe kuma sun manne da yatsu masu haɗuwa.
- Yatsu da ƙusoshi marasa haɓaka.
- Convex ƙafa
- Kasancewar madauri da ke haɗa yatsun kafa.
- A cikin maza, ƙwanƙolin ba sa saukowa da kyau.
- Kuka mai rauni
- Tsananin rashin hankali.
Da sEdwards ciwo ana iya gano shi ta hanyar yin amniocentesis. Kasa da kashi 10% na yaran da ke fama da ciwon ana haife su da rai. Kuma idan sun yi, 90% suna mutuwa a farkon shekara ta rayuwa, yawanci a cikin makon farko.