Bade abantwana bafikelele kwiminyaka esemthethweni, luxanduva lwabazali. Ngumthetho lowo. Nangona kunjalo, lo mgca wokwahlula unokwandiswa ngokuxhomekeke kumthetho welizwe ngalinye. Ukuthetha malunga nokunyamekela kwabazali, kuyimfuneko ukwazi nzulu iimbopheleleko zabazali abanabantwana abaneminyaka esemthethweni.
Ukwazi umthetho welizwe ngalinye kwimibandela yentsapho kubaluleke kakhulu, ngokukodwa kwiimeko zokwahlukana, zoqhawulo-mtshato okanye xa omnye wabazali engazifezi iimbopheleleko zabo. Nangona ubudala bomntu omkhulu bumisela umzekelo yaye luluphawu lwenguquko xa kufikelelwa kumbandela wokunyamekela abantwana, ukuba neminyaka eli-18 ubudala akusoloko kuthetha ukuba abazali abasenazo iimbopheleleko.
Ziziphi iimbopheleleko zabazali
Uxanduva lwabazali luthetha uluhlu lwamalungelo kunye nezibophelelo abazali abanazo phezu koonyana neentombi zabo. Xa behlala kunye, umthetho ucinga ukuba xa omnye wabo wenza isigqibo, omnye uyavumelana. Isiqendu 39.3 soMgaqo-siseko waseSpain simisela uxanduva lwabazali lokubonelela ngoncedo lwazo zonke iintlobo kubantwana abazalelwe okanye ngaphandle komtshato, ngexesha lobuncinci babo. Mhlawumbi ku ukwahlukana, bobabini abazali baqhubeka benembopheleleko ekwabelwana ngayo, kuphela ngoku kuya kufuneka bavumelane ngokuyisebenzisa ukuba baye bayimisela. Nangona kukho ezinye iimeko: ngesigqibo sabazali okanye ijaji kwaye ihlala inomdla womntwana, kunokwenzeka ukuba uxanduva lomzali luhambelana nomzali omnye kuphela. Into engatshintshiyo ziimbopheleleko zabazali kubantwana babo.
Kwimeko yomzali omnye, imbopheleleko yomzali iya kwenziwa nguloo mzali yaye ukuba kukho abazali ababini kodwa ngumntwana ongaphandle komtshato, iya kuba yimfanelo yalowo umazileyo umntwana okanye, ukuba bobabini abazali bavumelana, . misela uxanduva lomzali ekwabelwana ngalo.
Phakathi iimfanelo zabazali kubantwana, kukho ukhathalelo olubanzi, ukuhlalisana naye, uqinisekisa uphahla, ukutya kunye nemfundo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iimfuno zomntwana zithathelwa ingqalelo ngokweempawu zabo zengqondo, ubuchule kunye nophuhliso lokukhula. Abazali kufuneka baqinisekise kwaye bahloniphe ilungelo labantwana kunye nabafikisayo lokuba baviwe, babakhokele ekusebenziseni amalungelo abo, bahlonele kwaye baququzelele ilungelo lomntwana lokusebenzisana nootatomkhulu nootatomkhulu, izalamane okanye abantu abanobudlelwane obungokweemvakalelo kunye nokumela nokulawula umntwana. ilifa. Umthetho uhlala umiselwa ngenjongo yokugcina iimfuno zomntwana okanye ofikisayo ngaphezu kwamanye amaqela.
Ngoku, unini Iimbopheleleko zabazali abanabantwana abakwiminyaka esemthethweni bayabambelela?
abantwana abakwiminyaka esemthethweni
Umthetho waseSpeyin umisela ukuba xa abantwana beneminyaka eli-18 ubudala, igunya labazali phezu kwabo bantwana liyaphela. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukugcinwa kwabazali phezu kwabo kuyaphela, nto leyo ethetha ukuba iimbopheleleko kunye namalungelo abazali ngokunxulumene nabantwana babo bayaphela, kokubini kwinto eyenzayo kumntu kunye ne-patrimonial. Ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba abasenaso Iimbopheleleko zabazali abanabantwana abakwiminyaka esemthethweni?
Kwaye kulapho umthetho ukwaqhelana neemfuno zokwenyani. Nangona ngandlela-thile ibeka umda ocacileyo, iphinda iqonde imeko nganye ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Le yimeko yolutsha olungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-18 ababhengezwe njengabangakwaziyo ukusebenza. Kule meko, i Iimbopheleleko zabazali abanabantwana abakwiminyaka esemthethweni iya kuqhubeka ngexesha. Oku kungenxa yokuba olu lutsha alukwazi kuzixhasa ngokuzimeleyo.
Kwelinye icala, simele sicinge ngemeko yangoku yolutsha oluninzi lwaseSpeyin, olungakwaziyo ukufumana umsebenzi oluvumela ukuba lukwazi ukuzimela geqe kwezoqoqosho. Umthetho waseSpeyin umisela ubudala bomntu omdala njengomda wokusebenzisa igunya labazali kodwa, enyanisweni, abazali baqhubeka bezalisekisa iimbopheleleko ezithile kubantwana babo abadlule kwiminyaka eli-18 ubudala nakwinkqubo ekhulayo yokuzimela geqe. Okwangoku, abantu abatsha banobunzima obuninzi bokuzimela kwaye bahlala kumakhaya abo osapho ixesha elide, yiyo loo nto iimbopheleleko zabazali malunga nokubonelela ngokutya, inkathalo nokhuseleko ebantwaneni.
Kukho amatyala amaninzi abantu abatsha abasebenzisa ilungelo labo phambi komthetho. Kuloo meko, ijaji iya kuvavanya imeko ethile, ukuba oselula uyafunda nokuba uye wanyamekela ukukhangela umsebenzi.