Ukususela ekuzalweni, uninzi lwabantwana luva kwaye luve izandi. Ngapha koko, sele beziqonda ezi zandi ngaphambi kokuba bazalwe. Indlebe yosana ikhule ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki ezingama-25 zokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo oku akwenzeki kubo bonke abantwana, kukho amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana azalwa enesithulu sokuva kwindlebe enye okanye zombini. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba ububone ubuthulu ngokukhawuleza.
Ukususela ngo-2007, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi uye wakhuthaza uSuku lweeNdlebe lwaMazwe ngaMazwe, olukhunjulwa qho nge-3 kaMatshi, ukuba khuthaza ukubonwa kwangoko kwalo naluphi na uhlobo lokungeva okanye ingxaki Inganikezelwa ebantwini nakubantwana kwihlabathi liphela.
Amaxesha okufumana iingxaki zokuva usana olunokwenzeka
Nangona usana luneva elivuthiweyo ukusukela ngexesha lokuzalwa, kungathatha ixesha ukuba ibe yi-100%. Olunye ulwelo lwe-amniotic lungahlala ngaphakathi, kwaye kuthatha iintsuku ezininzi ukufunxwa. Vula Iintsana zihlala zivavanyelwa ukuva kwinyanga yokuqala. Umntwana uhambisa amehlo akhe aya kwilizwi lakho, uya kwahlula kwaye alazi ilizwi lomntu nakwesiphi na esinye isandi.
Phambi kweeveki ezi-4 umntwana sele esebenzisa ukukhala kwakhe ukunxibelelana nawe, Kwaye angayenza kuba uyeva kwaye azazi yena kunye nempendulo yakho ekukhaleni kwakhe. Malunga neeveki ezi-6 uqala ukulungelelanisa ukubona nokuva kwakhe. Ukuba uyabona ukuba obu budlelwane abenzeki, sicebisa ukuba ugqirha wabantwana enze uphononongo olunzulu ngakumbi lokuva komntwana.
Iintsana baqala ukufunda ukuthetha nokufumana ulwimi kwiinyanga ezi-6 zokuqala zobomi. Bayakwazi ukufumana izandi ezininzi kunezabantu abadala. Phambi kokuthetha igama elinye uya kube sele ebhobokile iifonim, kunye nemincili. Kunyaka wokuqala uya kugxila kwiifonimi zolwimi lwakho lwenkobe, eya kuba yeyona uyimamelayo kakhulu.
Uvavanya nini ukuva komntwana wam?
Uvavanyo lokuqala lokuva luya kwenziwa kusana olusandul 'ukuzalwa, ngaphambi kokuba aphume esibhedlele. Ukuba akunjalo, kuya kufuneka uyenzile ngaphambi kwenyanga yokuqala. Iingxaki zokuva ziyanyangeka ukuba zibanjwe kwangethuba, ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe neenyanga ezintathu ubudala. Kwaye ungabashiyi njengoko umntwana ekhula, ukulahleka kwendlebe kunokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha.
Zingasetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya ukuva komntwana, ngokusekwe kubudala bakhe, ukukhula, kunye nempilo. Kukho iimvavanyo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya ukuva kweentsana, kuzo zombini kufuneka uphumle okanye ulale. Uvavanyo lokukhupha i-otoacoustic luvavanya ukuba ngaba iinxalenye ezithile zendlebe ziyasabela kwisandi. Olunye uvavanyo, impendulo yokuvavanya kuvavanya impendulo kwisandi se-auditory neva kunye ne-brainstem, ehambisa isandi ukusuka kwindlebe ukuya kwingqondo.
La Ukuva yinto ebalulekileyo ekukhuleni komntwana ngokwasentlalweni, ngokweemvakalelo nangokuqonda. Nokuba ilahleko encinci okanye inxenye inokuchaphazela ukubanakho ukuthetha nokuqonda ulwimi. Ukuba ungenelelo lusekuqaleni, Abantwana abanengxaki yokuva bakhulisa izakhono zolwimi ezibanceda banxibelelane ngokukhululekileyo kwaye bafunde ngokusebenzayo.
Oonobangela bokulahleka kosana ukuva
Ezinye ze oonobangela abaqhelekileyo Izizathu zokuba umntwana aphulukane nendlebe okanye aphulukane ngokupheleleyo nokuva zezi: wazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha okanye enengxaki yokuhambisa, wahlala kwigumbi lokhathalelo lweentsana, waba noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-bilirubin kwaye wafuna utofelo-gazi, wafumana amayeza anokubangela ukulahleka kwendlebe, une Imbali yosapho. Unokusuleleka rhoqo kwindlebe, okanye i-meningitis okanye i-cytomegalovirus.
La ukulahleka kwendlebe okubangelwa kukuphazamiseka kugqithiso yesandi kwindlebe yangaphakathi. Iintsana nabantwana abancinci ngamanye amaxesha bakhulisa ukuphulukana nokuva okuqhubayo kusulelo lweendlebe. Oku kuhlala kubumnene, okwethutyana, kwaye kuyanyangeka ngamayeza okanye ngoqhaqho.
La ukulahleka kwendlebe, inokuba nobulali, ukumodareyitha, ukuqatha okanye inzulu. Ngamanye amaxesha iyaqhubeka kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ayifani. Inxulumene nokungalungisi, ukungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukonakala kwindlebe yangaphakathi, kwaye, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kunye neengxaki kwi-cortex yokuva kwengqondo.