Kukho abantwana abathetha iilwimi ezininzi, Ngubani onokuthetha ngaphezu kweelwimi ezimbini, kunjalo iipolyglots. Oku kufunda phantse kuhlala kuza kuba bevela Iintsapho ezixubileyo kwaye bahlala kwelinye ilizwe ngaphandle kolwimi lwabazali babo. Kukho abantu abathi ebomini babo bafumane ulwazi lweelwimi ezingama-30, ezinye zazo zisasazekile kwaye zahlukile njengeJamani, isiMandarin okanye isiThai.
Namhlanje siza kukuxelela izibonelelo, uninzi lwazo lucacile, kodwa kunye nezinye izinto ezingalunganga ukuba abantwana bafunde ngaphezulu kolwimi olunye. Siza kubhekisa kokubini kwiilwimi ezininzi zomthonyama, nasekufundeni, ngaphandle kokuntywiliselwa, ngaphezu kweelwimi ezimbini.
Inkqubo yokufumana ulwimi
Ngokophando olwenziwe yiYunivesithi yaseGeorgetown eWashington, ulwazi nokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezahlukeneyo kuyanyaniswa ukukhula kwemimandla ethile yengqondo kwaye inegalelo ekuphuculeni kobunye ubuchule bokuqonda, njengokuqwalaselwa kunye nememori yexesha elifutshane.
Nangona kubonakala ngathi ayifani nathi, kuba phantse sonke sifunde ulwimi njengabantwana, ukufunda nokusebenzisa ulwimi iinkqubo ezinzima zokuqonda. Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuqonda zingenelela ekufumaneni ulwimi: ukusuka kwimemori yokubhengeza, ukukhumbula imisebenzi ehleliyo, isigama okanye imigaqo-nkqubo yegrama, kwimemori yenkqubo, ophetheyo ukwenza izihlunu ngendlela efanelekileyo yokubiza amagama kunye nokugxininisa.
Ke ukukhula ngeelwimi ezininzi kuya kuba yeyona ndlela ilula kwaye ekhawulezayo yokufunda ulwimi lwangaphandle, kwaye luthathwa njengolwimi lwasemzini olungaphandle kolwimi lweenkobe. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba intombazana ethetha iilwimi ezininzi enabazali baseSpain ihlala eJamani, ulwimi lwenkobe iya kuba sisiSpanish, kwaye iya kuzuza isiJamani ngokwendalo kwaye ngokuhambelana nokufumana olu lwimi, hayi ngolunye uhlobo. Ukuba omnye wabazali bakho uthetha nawe ngesiBasque, umzekelo, oku kuyakuba lulwimi lwakho lweenkobe.
Ukungancedi kubantwana abathetha iilwimi ezininzi
Siza kuqala ngokusilela kweelwimi ezininzi, ngokungaziwa. Kodwa ziziphene ekulula ukuzilungisa kwaye zenzeke kumgangatho omkhulu okanye omncinci.
- Abantwana abathetha iilwimi ezininzi thetha kamva. Nangona kungekho bungqina bobunzululwazi boku, abazali abaninzi baqikelela ukuba kukho ukulibaziseka kweenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu xa kuthelekiswa nabantwana abanolwimi olunye abakwiminyaka efanayo. Le nyaniso yile iyaqondakala, kuba inkwenkwe okanye intombazana ijongene nemeko yokufunda ekufuneka beyiphindaphindile imizamo yabo.
- Umxube wolwimi. Iilwimi ezininzi abantwana batshintshiselana ngamagama phakathi kweelwimi ezahlukeneyo abazifundayo Oku yi into yethutyana kwaye ngokwenza nokubeka iliso kusonjululwa ngaphandle kwengxaki.
- Inzame ezingaphezulu zabazali. Xa kufanelekile ukulungisa kwiilwimi ezininzi, kubandakanya izakhono zokufunda nokubhala, kufuna umgudu ongakumbi kubazali. Ngale ndlela sicebisa incwadi: Iilwimi ezininzi ukusuka ezalwa, ngu-Anna Solé Mena xa sinolwazi. Kuyo, ezi ntlobo zamathandabuzo zisonjululwe, ngokwembono yombhali, ongumama wabantwana abafundiswe kwiilwimi ezininzi.
Izinto eziluncedo ngeelwimi ezininzi
Akukho namnye kuthi ophulukana neenzuzo zokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezininzi, ezifundiweyo okanye ezingezizo ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ukufunda iilwimi zasemzini kunegalelo ulwazi lokwahluka ngokwenkcubeko, ukuququzelela ukuziqhelanisa noluntu kwaye kukwakhuthaza ukuzithemba nokuzithemba. Abantwana abathetha iilwimi ezininzi banokuguquguquka kwengqondo ngakumbi, bathambekele ekubeni babe nobuchule ngakumbi, inqanaba labo lokuqwalaselwa okukhethiweyo liphezulu kunye namandla abo ememori.
Kwangoko umntwana ebandakanyiwe ekufundeni ulwimi lwasemzini, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba babe inqanaba eliphezulu lokhuphiswano kuyo. Kwixesha elide, kuthetha ukuba nakho ukufikelela kwimisebenzi engcono kunye nokufikelela ngakumbi kwezinye iinkcubeko.
Ulwazi lolwimi lwasemzini lubonisa izibonelelo zempilo yengqondo, kwaye oko kukuthi ukuthetha iilwimi ezimbini kunokukhokelela ukulibazisa ukuxilongwa kweengxaki zesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-5. Kwaye ukuba kuthethiwe ezintathu, eli xabiso lifikelela kwi-avareji yeminyaka eyi-6,4. Le nyaniso ibonisa ukuba impilo yinto ebalulekileyo yemikhwa elungileyo, isondlo, umzimba kunye nokuqonda.