Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, a uthotho lweemvavanyo ukujonga ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle, umthetho wokuba kukho utshintsho lwe-chromosomal njenge-Down syndrome okanye nayiphi na into engalunganga. Nakuphi na ukungaqheleki okunokufunyanwa ngexesha. Oku kunokubangela ukuxhalaba kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kodwa ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo kwaye zenzani kungakunika uxolo lwengqondo. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo zokuqonda isifo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Uvavanyo lokuqonda isifo ngexesha lokukhulelwa
I-Ultrasound
Yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngakumbi i-2D, esetyenziselwa ukufaka umfanekiso womntwana. Enkosi kuye banako bamba amanqanaba e-amniotic fluid, inani leemveku, ubungakanani bazo, ukuqinisekisa ubudala bokukhulelwa, indlela amalungu akhiwa ngayo ...
Kananjalo namhlanje kukho ii-3D ultrasound apho unokufumana khona umfanekiso-ntathu usebenzisa i-ultrasound yemveli kunye ne-4D apho ungabona khona usana kubungakanani obu-3 ngexesha lokwenyani, oko kukuthi, ekuhambeni.
La I-Doppler ultrasound yi-ultrasound enombala osebenzela ukubona ukuba yintoni ukuphuma kwegazi lomntwana. Ikuvumela ukuba ujonge iingxaki nge-umbilical cord kunye negazi lakho kunye nenkqubo yengqondo.
Inkcubeko umchamo
Yiyo Uvavanyo lomchamo ukwazi ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo unayo usulelo lomchamo. Usulelo lomchamo ngexesha lokukhulelwa luqhelekile kwaye lunokwenzeka ngaphandle kweempawu, ke kuya kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi xa kukho ubukho beentsholongwane njengoko kunokubangela ukuba umntu asebenze ngaphambi kwexesha.
Amniocentesis
Yiyo uvavanyo olungenelelayo ukufumanisa utshintsho olunokwenzeka kwimfuza nokufumanisa iingxaki zempilo. Inokukhupha inani elincinci le-amniotic fluid ngenaliti entle kudonga lwesisu kunye nesibeleko. Amniotic fluid aneeseli ezisuka kwimveku engekazalwa kunye neekhemikhali ezihlalutyiweyo ukulungiselela le njongo.
Njengoluvavanyo olungenelelayo olubandakanya umngcipheko, alwenzelwanga bonke abantu basetyhini. I-Amniocentesis inokubangela iintlungu zesisu, ukopha, okanye ukuphulukana ne-amniotic fluid, kwaye kwi-1% yamatyala inokubangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kukho imbali yokungaqheleki chromosomal, ngokobudala okanye ngomngcipheko omkhulu kwiziphumo.
Uvavanyo luka-O'Sullivan
Yaziwa ngcono njenge Uvavanyo lweglucose, Isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa iswekile yegazi yowasetyhini okhulelweyo kunye nokwazi ukuba sikhona isifo seswekile. Kuquka ukusela i-glucose fluid kwaye emva koko wenze iimvavanyo ezimbini zegazi, enye ngaphambili nangemva kwayo.
Isifundo seDNA esibelekweni kwigazi loomama
Yiyo non-invasive kunye novavanyo lwangaphambi kokubeleka oluqhutywa kwiveki ye-10 yokukhulelwa. Kolu phando unako funda ii-chromosomes ngaphandle komngcipheko ngokusebenzisa isampulu yegazi. Icala elisezantsi kukuba ayikwazi ukufumana zonke izifo ze-chromosomal njengoko ezinye iimvavanyo zokuqonda isifo zinokwenza, kodwa ivumela ukubhaqa i-Down, Patau, i-Edwards syndrome kunye neziphene kwii-chromosomes zesini ezinokubakho okuphezulu. Bavumela nokwazi ngokuchanekileyo isini somntwana.
Ukuhlolwa kathathu
Uvavanyo olwenziwa kwikota yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Iqukethe uvavanyo oludibanisa iimvavanyo zegazi kunye ne-ultrasound, ukuya ukumisela malunga nokubakho umntwana anayo Uhlobo oluthile lokungalungisi okanye utshintsho lwe-chromosomal.
ICordocentesis
Yiyo uvavanyo olungenelelayo Yenziwa kwiveki ye-20, equka ukufumana igazi kosana ngenkaba. Umsebenzi wayo kukufumanisa ukungaqheleki kofuzo, ukungalunganga kosana olungekazalwa, nokungahambelani neqela legazi likanina. Ayiluvavanyo rhoqo, kuba inezinga eliphezulu lokukhupha isisu kune-amniocentesis (2-6%). Iya kuba ngabazali abaya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba bayenze okanye hayi, njengalo lonke uvavanyo olungenelelayo.
Uvavanyo lokuvuthwa kwemiphunga okanye uvavanyo lwe-quantusFLM
Yindlela yenoveli esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa inqanaba lokuvuthwa kwemiphunga yosana, kwaye ke yazi ukuba ingaba ingakulungela na ukuzalwa ngaphambi komhla ocwangcisiweyo.
Chorionic biopsy
Kuquka ukuthatha isampuli ye-placenta ukufumana ukuba kunokwenzeka izifo zemfuza kunye nokungalunganga kwimeko yokuba kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nazo. Yenziwa phakathi kweeveki ezili-11 ukuya kwezi-13 zokukhulelwa.
Kuba khumbula ... ukugcina umkhondo wokukhulelwa kubalulekile ukuze nobabini nilawulwe.