Ikhula njani iglaucoma yobuntwana?

I-glaucoma yobuntwana yimeko enakho ifuthe kuphuhliso lwamehlo apho kuchaphazela i-optic nerve. Izilonda ezibangelwa yi-glaucoma zihlala zinxulunyaniswa noxinzelelo olukhulu ngaphakathi kwamehlo, ke kufuneka inyangwe kwangoko.

Kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeglaucoma. Ukuba ikhona ekuzalweni okanye emva nje kokuzalwa, ibizwa njalo glaucoma lokuzalwa ephambili. Ukuba ibonakala ngexesha lobuntwana okanye kwinqanaba lokufikisa libizwa njalo iglaucoma yolutsha. Yimeko enqabileyo ebantwaneni, kodwa ukuba ibonakala inokubangelwa lilifa.

Ikhula njani iglaucoma yobuntwana?

I-glaucoma yobuntwana ichaphazela ikakhulu iintsana nabantwana abancinci. Ngokwesiqhelo kuvela kunyaka wokuqala wobomi kwaye ihlala ibonakala kwangoko emva kokubeleka okanye kwiinyanga zokuqala emva kokuzalwa.

Izikhalazo zokuqala eziboniswayo zezi uxinzelelo kwiso kwaye iimpawu ziya kubonakala ngokungahambi kakuhle ekukhanyeni (photophobia), ukukrazula okugqithisileyo kunye notshintsho kwi ukumila kwamehlo nobungakanani. Olu tshintsho lukhulu kubukhulu beliso kungenxa yoxinzelelo lolwelo oluqokelelekayo, apho luziveza njengolunokuba bhetyebhetye kakhulu ngenxa yobudala kwaye lukhule ngokupheleleyo.

Xa kukho uxinzelelo olukhulu esweni, iphela ikhula ngokobukhulu kwaye kule meko inokuthelekiswa nayo umngxuma wesango (buffalmos). Olu xinzelelo lunokubangela ukonzakala kwimithambo-luvo ye-optic, enokubangela Ukuphulukana nokubona.

I-Glaucoma inokubonakala ngathi ngumntwana ubudala kwaye ngenxa yezinye izizathu zesekondari. Ezinye iintlobo zezifo zingakhokelela kutshintsho kulwakhiwo lweliso kwaye zikhokelele ku uxinzelelo lwamehlo olwandisiweyo. Kubantwana abaneminyaka emithathu ubudala banokuyiphuhlisa kwaye bafane ne-glaucoma kubantu abadala.

Kule meko kuya kubakho uxinzelelo, kodwa ngaphandle kotshintsho kubungakanani beliso, kuba ukukhula kwayo kuyekile. I-Glaucoma inokuvela ngenxa yabantwana abazelwe ngaphandle kwe-iris (aniridia), ukudumba kweli lungu (uveitis) kunye nokungalunganga kwicandelo elingaphandle leso (i-dysgenesis).

Iimpawu kunye neempawu

Olunye lweempawu ezibaluleke kakhulu kuxa umntwana ebonakalisa amehlo akhulisiweyo. Abanye abazali baya kwingcali ngenxa yeempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuba nembali yosapho.

Ukwenza isifundo, kufuneka kwenziwe uviwo olupheleleyo phantsi kwe-anesthesia kwaye ujonge indlela uxinzelelo kunye nobungakanani bento yamehlo, ngaphandle kwembonakalo ye-optic nerve. Olunye uviwo kukwenza uvavanyo olubonakalayo, kodwa kuphela ukusukela kwiminyaka emithandathu, njengoko intsebenziswano yomncinci ifuneka.

Luluphi unyango olunayo iglaucoma?

Kwiimeko ezininzi utyando lolona nyango lulungileyo ukulungisa iziphene. Kule meko, iya kwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia ngokubanzi kwaye apho ngaphakathi kwamehlo kufuneka kuvulwe umjelo wamanzi olwelo.

Zikhona ukuhluza ukuhluza eyenza umjelo wokuhambisa amanzi kwiliso kwaye uqhaqho lwe-laser apho i-ray yokukhanya iya kudala umngxunya omncinci kwizicubu zamehlo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuhla kwamehlo kunye namayeza omlomo kuya kwanela ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwiso.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, unyango lotyando alwanelanga ukulawula isifo kwaye luyafuneka emva kokongezwa kwamathontsi. Olu nyango ngokubanzi lumiselwe ubomi, kuba uxinzelelo lwamehlo kwiimeko ezininzi alupheli. Ukuba uxinzelelo alulawulwa, iimpembelelo ezingenakulungiswa zinokufikelelwa, njengokulahleka kwamehlo.