Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uvile ngogonyo lwe-Prevenar 13 (ngaphambili lwalusaziwa njenge-Prevenar 7) kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba xa kufuneka ugonyole umntwana wakho ngeli chiza uyakufumana umgada ongenasimahla kuba kubiza imali eninzi umntu ngamnye iidosi (zizonke zizitofu zokugonya ezintathu). Kodwa ukugonya umntwana wakho ngePrevenar vaccine kubaluleke kakhulu kuba kuphela kwendlela yokuthintela izifo ezinokubulala iintsana nabantwana abancinci.
Yintoni isitofu sokugonya sokuqala
I-Prevenar 13 yitofu yokugonya ye-pneumococcal equlathe izicatshulwa ezilishumi elinantathu zixhaphakileyo zeStreptococcus prenumoniae bacteria. Ezi bhaktheriya zinoxanduva lokubangela izifo ezingenayo njenge-pneumonia, septicemia, kunye ne-meningitis. Isitofu sokugonya sisebenza kuba senza impendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwiibhaktheriya ngaphandle kokubangela ukugula.
Ixabisa malini isitofu sokugonya
Ngoku uninzi lwabazali luthatha isigqibo sokuba bayayifaka okanye abayi kubeka kubantwana babo, kuba nangona eli chiza libaluleke kakhulu ukuba likwazi ukunciphisa izifo ebantwaneni nakuluntu ngokubanzi, kubonakala ngathi uluntu lukhetha ukuyeka ukuluxhasa kwaye idosi nganye ixabisa malunga malunga nee-euro ezingama-75.
Isitofu sokugonya siyakuxhaswa kuphela kubazali abaneemveku ezinezifo ezinganyangekiyo kuba kule meko kubonakala ngathi bakubona kufanelekile. Kodwa inyani kukuba bonke abantwana abasempilweni, nokuba abazali babo banemali engaphezulu okanye encinci, kufuneka bagonywe ngePrevenar 13.
Zisebenza njani izitofu zokugonya?
Xa umzimba ubhencekile kwizinto zangaphandle ezinje ngeentsholongwane okanye intsholongwane, amajoni omzimba avelisa izilwa-buhlungu ezichasene nawo. Ezi ntsholongwane zinceda umzimba ukuba uqaphele kwaye ubulale izinto ezingaziwayo.. Ezi zinto ziphilayo zihlala emzimbeni ukunceda ukukhusela umzimba kwizifo ezinento efanayo, into eyaziwa ngokuba kukuzikhusela.
Amajoni omzimba aya kuvelisa izinto ezahlukileyo zokulwa into nganye ephilayo edibana nawo, yiyo loo nto kusenziwa iseti yentsholongwane eya kunceda ukukhusela umzimba kwizifo ezahlukeneyo, kuqinisekiswe ukuba umntu angahlala esempilweni ngokuchasene nezi ntlobo zeemeko.
Kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye?
Izitofu zokugonya ziqulethe izicatshulwa ezingasebenziyo okanye iintlobo zebhaktiriya okanye intsholongwane ebangela izifo. Kodwa ezi ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziguqulweyo ziya kuvuselela kuphela amajoni omzimba ukuba avelise izilwa-buhlungu eziyimfuneko, kodwa ngokwenyani aziyi kubangela nasiphi na isigulo ngokufaka isitofu sokugonya. Amachiza omzimba aya kuhlala emzimbeni ukuze umntu ezoyise ngokwendalo iintsholongwane ezikhubekisayo kwaye azihlasele, ngaloo ndlela zithintele ekubangeleni isifo.
Intsholongwane nganye iya kukhuthaza umzimba ukuba uvelise i-antibody ethile eya kuthi emva koko ilwe nezifo ukuba kukho imfuneko. Ngale ndlela, izitofu zokugonya ezahlukeneyo ziyafuneka ukukhusela izifo ezahlukeneyo. I-Prevenar 13 iqulethe izicatshulwa ezingasebenziyo zeentlobo ezili-13 ezahlukeneyo zebhaktiriya.
Ugonyo kufuneka lube kumayeza ama-3
Ugonyo kufuneka lwenziwe ngeedosi ezintathu kwaye xa abazali bathenga isitofu sokugonya, idosi enye kufuneka inikezelwe kwiinyanga ezi-2 zomntwana, enye kwiinyanga ezi-4 kunye nedosi yokugqibela kwiinyanga ezili-12.
Eli chiza liyacetyiswa nakubantwana abadala kuneenyanga ezili-12 nangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu. abangakhange bagonywe ngexa babeziintsana okanye abangazange banikwe ikhosi epheleleyo yeedosi ezintathu, kule meko kuya kusetyenziswa idosi enye kuphela. Abantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu kunye nabantu abadala bafuna isitofu sokugonya se-pneumococcal ngesiqhelo kwidosi enye yokugonya kwe-pneumococcal ebizwa ngokuba yi-Pneumovax II.
Ligcinwa njani iyeza lokugonya?
Isitofu sokugonya kufuneka sigcinwe kude apho abantwana bangenakufikelela khona. Ayinakusetyenziswa emva komhla wokuphelelwa kwayo ovela kwipakethe yemveliso (lusuku lokugqibela lwenyanga lubonakalisiweyo). Kuya kufuneka uyigcine kwifriji kubushushu be phakathi ko-2 no-8ºC kodwa akufuneki uyiqumbe.
Ngowuphi owona mngcipheko?
Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana iingxaki ukuba ngaba banesifo sepneumococcal. Abantwana abasemngciphekweni omkhulu bakwabandakanya iingxaki zentliziyo ezingapheliyo, iingxaki zemiphunga, isibindi kunye nesifo sezintso, isifo seswekile, amajoni omzimba abuthathaka ngenxa yezifo okanye unyango.
Ulawulwa njani?
Isitofu sokugonya se-Prevenar 13 sinikwa njengesitofu kwinyama ethangeni yeentsana ezingaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala nakwingalo ephezulu yabantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzazile
Eli chiza likhusela kuphela kwizifo ezibangelwa ziintlobo ezili-13 zeStreptococcus pneumoniae ezibandakanyiweyo kwisitofu sokugonya, kodwa ayikhuseli ngokuchasene namanye amaqela e-pneumococcal bacteria okanye ezinye izinto ezibangela i-meningitis, septicemia, okanye i-otitis media.
Akufanele ilawulwe ukuba ...
Ukuba abantu banamajoni omzimba angasebenziyo Ngenxa yesiphene semfuza, kuba bane-HIV, ngenxa yokuba benonyango olungqongqo olucinezela amajoni omzimba, abanakho ukuvelisa impendulo eyaneleyo yokuzikhusela kwesi sitofu.
Eli yeza lokugonya akufuneki lisetyenziswe kubantu abanomkhuhlane okanye abagula ngequbuliso, kubantu abaneemvakalelo okanye izinto ezaliwa komzimba.
Unonophelo olulodwa kufuneka lwenziwe ...
Ukongeza, ulumkiso olukhulu kufuneka lwenziwe kubantwana abanembali yosapho yokuxhuzula ngenxa yokuba, nangona benokukunika iyeza lokugonya, ugqirha kufuneka avavanye ukuba banikwe idosi yeparacetamol okanye ibuprofen ukukhusela umntwana ekuqhubekeni nokuba umkhuhlane emva kokugonya. Kuyimfuneko ukulandela imiyalelo enikezelwa ngugqirha okanye ngumongikazi ngalo lonke ixesha.
Abantu abasemngciphekweni wokopha emva kwenaliti (njengabantwana abane-hemophilia okanye amanqanaba asezantsi eeplatelets egazini), kufuneka inikezwe phantsi kolusu kwenye indawo kwisihlunu.
Imiphumela
Zonke izitofu zinokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokuchaphazela abantu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezaziwayo, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezikhoyo ziya kwenzeka kuye nawuphi na umntwana ofumana iyeza lokugonya. kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba kungabikho ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zivelayo. Ukuze wazi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga funda iphetshana ngaphambi kokuhambisa iyeza lakho kumntwana wakho okanye ubuze ugqirha wakho zonke izinto ezikuxhalabisayo.