Ukuthetha ngokudibanisa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuthetha malunga Unxibelelwano lomama nomntwana oluyinxalenye yenkqubo yendalo yendalo yokukhulelwa. Okuncamathisela kubhekisa kwinkqubo yendalo athi ngayo umama afumane iimvakalelo kwiimvakalelo zosana lwakhe, anxibelelane naye kwaye akhulele isazisi sikamama. Umanyano phakathi komfazi nosana lwakhe ngexesha lokukhulelwa lwaziwa njengebhanti yoomama okanye usana ngaphambi kokubeleka.
Phantse bonke abafazi baqala ubudlelwane bomama xa esazi ukuba ukhulelwe, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi zomelezwa ngenxa ye-ultrasound yokuqala, xa ubona umntwana kwisikrini. Xa umntwana eqala ukuhamba, kwaye umama uyaziva, isinamathiselo se-intrauterine siqinisa
Utshintsho lwe-Neural lokuncamathisela ekukhulelweni
A Ukususela kwiintsuku ezili-15 zobomi bombungu, utshintsho lwehomoni luqala emfazini, ezisebenza kwingqondo yakho kunye nawo wonke umzimba wakho. Ukukhulelwa kwehomoni kubangela inkqubo ye-neurobiological eya kuthi iqwalasele ingqondo yoomama. Izifundo ezininzi zamva nje zityhila imijikelezo yobuchopho ebandakanyeka ekuphenduleni kwabasetyhini kwizimvo ezibonakalayo nezokuva ezivela kusana olungekazalwa.
Phakathi kwenyanga yesibini neyesine yokukhulelwa, iprogesterone inyusa amaxesha ali-10 ukuya kwali-100 kwingqondo yoomama, ukunciphisa kakhulu impendulo yayo kuxinzelelo. Umbungu ukhupha imiqondiso leyo khuthaza imveliso yee-neurotransmitters Kumama njenge-oxytocin, prolactin kunye ne-dopamine.
Utshintsho lwe-Neuroendocrine luvumela ukugcinwa kwesixa esikhulu se-occytocin, ihomoni yothando kunye nokuthembana, ukulungiselela abafazi kwimiceli mngeni yokuba ngumama. Inkqubo ye- Utshintsho lweplastikhi olufunyenwe yinkqubo yemithambo yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo yomeleza iqhina lokuncamathela kunye nonyana wakhe eqinisekisa ukuba uphila. Abasetyhini abahlakulela ukunamathela okuqinileyo kokubeleka ngaphambi kokubeleka banesibindi esomeleleyo nosana lwabo ngexesha lokuncancisa.
Xa i-intrauterine bond isenzeka
Nangona iihormone kunye notshintsho olwenzeka ngaphakathi luwenza umsebenzi wawo, Umama kufuneka amise iqhina lokuncamathisela ekukhulelweni. Ukuba umama uvaliwe ngokwasemphefumlweni, umntwana ongekazalwa akasayi kuyazi into amakayenze. Elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokuba eli khonkco lisekwe ziinyanga ezintathu zokugqibela zokukhulelwa, ngakumbi ezimbini zokugqibela. Kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba iingcinga zikamama malunga nokuba ngumzali okanye usana ziyoyikeka okanye zigqweswe ngokugqibeleleyo, kwaye ibhalansi iphelela ekunciphiseni, okanye ukwaliwa. Izixhobo zangaphakathi kunye nokukhula ngokweemvakalelo kukamama kuya kuthatha isigqibo
Ngenxalenye yalo usana luqala ukukhulisa ulwalamano kunye nonina malunga neenyanga ezisibhozo ubudala, iqala ukukhulisa uxinzelelo lokwahlulahlula, into yendalo kuphuhliso lwayo. UMargaret Mahler uqinisekisa ukuba bonke abantwana badlula kwinqanaba lokwahlukana kunye nokuzikhethela.
Izifundo zamva nje ziqinisekisile ukuba isimilo somntwana phakathi kweenyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 sinokuxelwa kwangaphambili kude kube kudala ngokwazi iipateni zoomama zokuncamathela ekukhulelweni. UJohn Bowlby kwii-50s, weza wabiza iintlobo ezi-3 zokuncamathisela ebantwaneni, ngokwesibophelelo esidalwe phakathi kwabo nabazali babo, abanonopheli okanye abagcini. Emva kwexesha yandiswa yaya ku-1 ngaphezulu. Ukuba ufuna ukubazi sincoma Oku kubhaliwe.
Ukuncamathela ekukhulelweni, nasemva kokukhulelwa
Ngexesha lokukhulelwa nasemva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, umama udlula kwinqanaba elikhethekileyo ebomini bakhe. Amava amatsha, iingcinga, uloyiko kunye neminqweno, ekubizelwe kuyo. Inkwenkwezi yomama (Stern, 1997). Amava okukhulelwa yi Inqanaba elivelisa inkcazo yabasetyhini.
La Ukhuseleko lweemvakalelo lokuba umntu okhulelweyo akhule njengomama uya kuba nefuthe kubudlelwane uyila nendodana okanye intombi yakho okokhulelweyo. Ukukhulelwa lixesha eliguqukayo apho kunokwenzeka khona ukomelela kunye nokuba sesichengeni. Eli bhinqa liphinda libuyele kwimbali yalo yokuhlangana, kwaye lonyuse umngcipheko woxinzelelo okanye ukuphinda kusebenze kwakhona kwezifo zangaphambili.
Uphononongo olucatshulwe nguCorrea noJadresic (unyaka ka-2000) lubonakalisile ukuba kwiintsuku ezingama-30 emva koziso, i Umngcipheko wokulaliswa esibhedlele kukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwabasetyhini wawungamaxesha angama-35 ngaphezulu kunaphambi kokukhulelwa. Phakathi kwezi ngxaki ababhali bafumanise i-postpartum dysphoria, uxinzelelo lwasemva kokubeleka kunye neengqondo zasemva kokubeleka kwipesenti encinci.