Ngokuqinisekileyo uvile ngaphezulu kwesihlandlo esinye malunga novavanyo luka-Apgar kodwa bambalwa abaziyo ukuba olu vavanyo luqulathe ntoni kwaye luyintoni. Namhlanje siza kuthetha Uvavanyo lwe-Apgar, xa olu vavanyo lwenziwa, luyintoni kwaye iziphumo zalo zitolikwa njani.
Uvavanyo lwe-Apgar, yintoni kwaye lwenziwa nini?
Bubungqina bokuba iintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa zenziwa ukuba kuvavanywe ngokubanzi imeko yazo yempilo. Yenziwe ngomzuzu wokuqala ukufumanisa ukuba umntwana uyinyamezele kangakanani inkqubo yokubeleka kunye nokukhokela naluphi na uncedo lwezonyango olunokufuneka. Uvavanyo luphindaphindiwe kwimizuzu emi-5 ukuvavanya ukuba umntwana uvela njani ngaphandle kwesibeleko, esiya kuba sisalathiso sempilo yosana. Kwezinye iimeko ezinqabileyo, kwenziwa kwakhona kwimizuzu eli-10 emva kokuzalwa.
Uvavanyo yenziwa ngugqirha, umongikazi, okanye umbelekisi. Umzamo wokuphefumla, umbala wesikhumba, i-reflexes, ithoni yemisipha, kunye nenqanaba lentliziyo ziyavavanywa. Amanqaku e-0, 1 okanye amanqaku ama-2 anikwa iparameter nganye emva koko ongezwe. Iziphumo zovavanyo ziya kuba lilonke inani elipheleleyo elinokuhamba ukusuka kwi-0 liye kwi-10, kokukhona kuya kuba ngcono ukuba umntwana azivelele. Amanqaku aqhelekileyo aphakathi kwesi-7 nesi-9. 10 kunqabile kakhulu, kuba kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba iintsana ziphulukane nenqaku elithile emva kokuzalwa. Ukuba amanqaku angaphantsi kwe-7, umntwana uya kufuna uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko, nangona oko kungathethi ukuba uyagula okanye uneengxaki zempilo.
Kuqhelekile ukuba amanqaku angaphantsi kwe-7 avele emva kobunzima, umngcipheko omkhulu, ukuyeka okanye ukuhambisa ngaphambi kwexesha. Uya kudinga ioksijini kunye neendlela ezicacileyo zomoya ukukunceda uphefumle, kunye nokuvuselelwa komzimba ukugcina intliziyo yakho ibetha ngesiqhelo.
Ibizwa ngokuba nguApgar ngumyili wayo, ugqirha wobuchwephesha UVirginia Apgar, ngubani ophumeleleyo enkosi kule ndlela yokunciphisa ukusweleka kweentsana.
Zijongwa njani iiparameter?
Kulo umgudu wokuphefumla, Uya kusinika iziphumo zokukhula kunye nempilo yemiphunga yakho:
- Kuya kuba ngu-0 ukuba umntwana akaphefumli (i-apnea).
- 1 iya kunikwa ukuba umntwana uphefumla ngokungaqhelekanga, ukhefuzela.
- Okwesibini kuxa umntwana elila kakhulu.
Ku izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, kuvavanywa ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana.
- I-0 iya kuba ngamatyala apho umntwana engenantliziyo.
- Eyokuqala iya kuba xa izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo lingaphantsi kwe-1 beats ngomzuzu (izinga lentliziyo leentsana liya kuba phezulu kubantu abadala).
- Iya kuba zi-2 kwiintsana ezinesantya sentliziyo esingaphezulu kwe-100 beats ngomzuzu.
Ukuvavanya i ithoni yemisipha, Siza kuba neziphumo zamandla okuhamba kunye nokuhamba kwamalungu.
- I-0 iya kunikwa xa kungekho thoni yezihlunu.
- I-1 iya kuba xa kukho ithoni yemisipha.
- Kwaye i-2 xa intshukumo esebenzayo ifunyenwe.
Kwimeko Iimpawu, Uya kubona ukuphendula okuzenzekelayo nokungazibandakanyi kosana olusanda kuzalwa kwisikhuthazo esithile. Oku kubonakala ngokubonakalisa, njengoko kunokuba njalo ukuncwina, ukuthimla, ukukhaba, ukulila kunye nokungakhathali.
- I-0 iyakuba xa usana lungasabeli kwisikhuthazi.
- Ukulinganiswa kwe-1 kuya kunikwa xa usana olusandula kuzalwa lwenza ubuso obuncinci kwisikhuthazi.
- Kwaye nge-2 xa umntwana ephendula ngamandla kubo.
Ku umbala wesikhumba, iqondo le-oxygenation liyajongwa. La manqaku aya kuba ngabantwana abamhlophe. Kwimeko yeentsana ezimnyama, ezinye iiparameter ezinje ngeentende zezandla neenyawo, ii-corneas, imilebe kunye neembumba zomlomo ziya kujongwa.
- I-0 kuxa umbala wesikhumba wosana uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- I-1 kuxa umzimba upinki kodwa iziphelo ziluhlaza.
- Kwaye u-2 xa wonke umbala wesikhumba sakhe upinki.
Kutheni ukhumbula ... olu vavanyo lulula lunokusindisa ubomi beentsana ezininzi ezisandul 'ukuzalwa, kwaye oko akuthethi ukuba umntwana onamanqaku asezantsi uyagula okanye uneengxaki zexesha elide.