I-Meningitis sisifo esiyingozi eye yalawulwa enkosi kwizitofu zokugonya eziphuhlisiwe. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba kukho ezahlukeneyo iintlobo ze-meningitis, ishedyuli yokugonywa ihlaziywa rhoqo ukulwa neentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Kubalulekile ukwazi zonke iinkcukacha zesi sifo esichaphazela abantwana ukwenzela ukunyamekela impilo yabancinci.
Yintoni i-meningitis
La i-meningitis Sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa ziintsholongwane okanye iibhaktheriya. Ezi bhaktheriya zichaphazela i-meninges, oko kukuthi, iinwebu ezijikeleze ingqondo kunye nentambo yomgogodla kwaye yiyo loo nto iyingozi kakhulu kuba ibangela usulelo kunye nokudumba.
Kukho amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-meningitis kuba ibhaktheriya inokuchaphazela kuphela i-meninges - kwaye ke sithetha nge-meningitis - okanye ibhaktheriya inokungena egazini kwaye kukho into ebizwa ngokuba yi-meningococcal sepsis, eyingozi kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-meningitis inokubangela umonakalo wobuchopho kwaye ide ikhokelele ekufeni.
Ngaphaya kosulelo oluqhelekileyo olubangelwa kukosuleleka ngamathe, phakathi iintlobo ze-meningitis Kukho ezo zibangelwa ngumngundo, amathumba kunye nezinye iintsholongwane ezifana ingqele, herpes zangasese kunye neHIV, nangona zinqabile.
Los iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-meningitis Zizo:
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu.
- Intloko ebuhlungu.
- Ukuqina kwentamo.
- Ukugabha ngesiquphe
- Ukozela.
- Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo.
- Ukungcangcazela, ukuqaqadeka kunye/okanye ukuxhuzula.
- Amabala abomvu-mfusa esikhumbeni
Iintlobo ze-meningitis
I-Meningitis yohlulwe yangamaqela amabini amakhulu: intsholongwane kunye nebhaktiriya. Ngoko ke, i iintlobo ze-meningitis Ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimvelaphi yazo.
Phakathi kwezo zikhoyo meningitis yentsholongwane, sisifo esine-prognosis enhle ngokuqhelekileyo ayishiyi i-sequelae kwaye ayifuni isitofu sokugonya okanye i-prophylaxis.
Las meningitis yebhaktiriya Ziyingozi kwaye zifuna ukuba isigulana silaliswe esibhedlele njengoko zinokukhokelela kumonakalo wobuchopho kunye nokufa. Yiyo loo nto kuye kwaphuhliswa uthotho lwezitofu ezihlasela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhaktheriya. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:
- I-Meningococcus B.
- Meningococcus C.
- I-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo b.
- Iinyumoniya.
Amayeza okugonya i-meningitis
La isitofu sokugonya i-meningitis Yeyona ndlela yokuthintela esi sifo. I-Spanish Association of Pediatrics icebisa isitofu kwiintsana ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-2 ubudala. Ngokweminyaka yobudala, umthamo owenziweyo. Okufanelekileyo kukuqalisa ugonyo lokuqala phakathi kweenyanga ezi-2 nezi-5, kunye nesicelo sedosi e-4 kwaye emva koko ufake iidosi ezi-3 phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 nezi-23. Phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-10 iminyaka, iidosi ezi-2 zilawulwa kwaye ziyafana kwimeko yolutsha kunye nabantu abadala.
Ngethamsanqa, izitofu zokugonya ziye zaphuhliswa phantse kubo bonke iintlobo ze-meningitis iintsholongwane kwaye zibandakanyiwe, kwelona nani likhulu, kwishedyuli esemthethweni yogonyo lwaseSpain. Awona aziwa kakhulu ngamayeza okugonya i-haemophilus Influenza B, i-meningococcus C kunye ne-pneumococcus.
Ngombulelo kwinkangeleko yesitofu sokugonya i-meningitis kunye nokwahluka kwayo, igophe losulelo lwe-bacterial meningitis lehlile kakhulu e-Spain, nangona kwiminyaka yakutshanje izehlo zokufuduka ziye zanda iimeko. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ubuzaza besi sifo kuba sinokubangela ezi ngxaki zilandelayo:
Ukuba ukuxilongwa kwe-meningitis Ukuba kusemva kwexesha okanye isigulane asifumani unyango olwaneleyo, esi sifo sinokubangela ukulimala kunye ne-sequelae kwisigulane. Ezona zibalulekileyo zezi:
- I-Hypoacusis (ukungeva).
- I-Hydrocephalus.
- Ukuxhuzula
- I-Subdural hemorrhage.
- Umonakalo wobuchopho.
- I-edema yeCerebral.
- I-venous sinus thrombosis.
- I-cranial nerve palsy.
- Ukuxhuzula.
- Umothuko weSeptic.
- Ukungonelanga kwezintso.
Kumanqanaba okuqala, i-meningitis kunokuba nzima ukuyifumanisa. Ukufumanisa ukuba yi-bacterial meningitis, i-lumbar puncture yenziwa kwi-spine ukuze ufumane kwaye uhlalutye isampuli ye-cerebrospinal fluid. Ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ezifana ne-ultrasound okanye i-computed axial tomography (CT).