Ukuba kukho into thina botata nomama sifuna ukuyikhuthaza, kukuzimela kwabantwana bethu. Ukuba bafunde ukuzikhusela ukuze bafezekise amaphupha abo, bonwabe kwiindlela zabo, ezo bazikhethele ngokwabo. Ukukhuthaza ukuzimela akuthethi ukuba sizikhulule ngokupheleleyo kwimbopheleleko yethu njengabazali, okanye ukubeka abantwana kulo naluphi na uhlobo lomngcipheko.
Ngokuqinisekileyo. Imalunga nokwazi indlela yokubonelela ngezona zicwangciso zingcono, ezona zakhono zibalaseleyo ukuze abantwana bazithembe, bazive bekhuselekile, bethandwa kwaye bexhaswa. Ke ngoko, iMontessori pedagogy ihlala ingumxholo olungileyo esinokuthi siziseke kuwo ukuze sifumane izikhokelo, iingcebiso. y orientaciones para educar a nuestros niños. Desde «Madres Hoy», queremos enseñarte qué consejos podemos aplicar a los niños de entre 6 y 11 años. ¿Nos acompañas?
Amaxesha anovakalelo kubantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-6 kunye ne-11 ubudala
Njengoko besithetha nawe kumanqaku ethu angaphambili afana I-Montessori pedagogy yabantwana phakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-6 yeminyaka ubudala, abantwana, ukuya kutsho kwi-11 leminyaka ubudala, bafumana oko umfundisi odumileyo wabiza ngokuthi "amaxesha anzima."
- Amaxesha anobuzaza ngamathuba anamandla okufunda emntwaneni.. Awusayi kuphinda ube nalo eli thuba lihle lokufunxa zonke izivuseleli, ukuba wamkele kakhulu, ufumane ulwazi ngobuchule obunjalo.
- ngaphakathi koko Umntwana ngamnye unenkqubo yakhe yokuvuthwa, kunye nezingqisho zakhe, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba iplastiki yayo ye-neuronal isenamandla kakhulu. Kungoko ukubaluleka kovuselelo, kweso liso likhokelwayo ekufuneka abazali babanike lona apho sisoloko sibaxhasa, lo gama kwangaxeshanye sibabonelela ngeemeko ezintsha zokufunda.
- Ukusukela kwi-0 ukuya kwi-5 yeminyaka ubudala, abantwana baya kuphuhlisa ubukhulu babo bokukhula, ngakumbi kwinqanaba lemoto kunye nelokunxibelelana.
- Kwiminyaka ephakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-11, inkxaso echaphazelekayo kunye nemvakalelo iya kuqala. Ezi zezo minyaka apho bangeniswa kwinqanaba elitsha lentlalo, bashiya ikhaya baze badibane nolunye uluntu: isikolo. Apha, kuza kufuneka sisebenzise amanye amacebo esiza kukufundisa wona ngoku.
I-Montessori pedagogy yabantwana phakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-8 yeminyaka ubudala
Sijongene noko iingcali zikubiza ngokuba bubuntwana obuphakathi. Basengabantwana, kodwa sele benezakhono ezaneleyo zokuzinyamekela kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. “Lixesha lemilingo” kwaye thina bazali siyibona ngokucacileyo.
Abantwana ngoku banokuqonda ngakumbi kwaye amagama abo ngoku afumana umfuziselo ngakumbi, ubunzulu obunzulu ngakumbi, ngokuqonda ukuba yeyiphi imilinganiselo, isimilo, into elungileyo nengalunganga... Lixesha apho abantwana bethu baya kufuna ukuzimela ngakumbi. Ngoku banabahlobo babo bokuqala kwaye baseke amaqhina amatsha abalulekileyo kubo.
Xa umntwana ezithembile uyeka ukufuna inkoliseko ngalo lonke inyathelo alithabathayo.
UMaria Montessori
Ukubaluleka kokumisela imithetho ecacileyo
Ukuba kukho into ekufuneka abantwana bakhule ngokukhuselekileyo, kukwazi apho imida.. Ekubeni ngomso baya kuba ngabantu abaqhuba ubomi babo kwibutho labantu eliphawulwe ngemithetho ecacileyo, izithethe namasiko, kuyimfuneko ukuba bafunde ngokukhawuleza ukuba ekhaya, njengasehlabathini, kukho imida abamele bayihlonele.
Njengoko uMaría Montessori wasibonisa, Abantu abadala kufuneka bangenzi njengabazali okanye abafundisi-ntsapho abanegunya, kodwa njengabakhokeli, njengabantu abakwaziyo ukukhuthaza ukukhula nokukhula komntwana. ukubavumela ukuba bakwazi ukwenza okwabo. Siyitolika njani le nto?
- Phakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-9 yeminyaka ubudala, abantwana sele beyazi indlela yokuzibeka emhlabeni, yaye sele becinga ngekamva. Ukuze bazibone bengabantu abazithembileyo nabakhaliphileyo, kufuneka thina njengabazali sibaqaphele kwaye sibaxabise ngalo lonke ixesha.
- Wonke umgaqo obekwe ekhaya kufuneka uqiqe. Kufuneka uchaze ukuba kutheni kunyanzeliswa. Ukuba awukwenzi oko, umntwana, engayiqondi, uya kusabela kuyo.
- Xa umntwana esenza impazamo okanye etyeshela le mithetho, umsebenzi wethu awusayi kuba kukohlwaya ngenjongo yokumhlazisa okanye ukutsalela ingqalelo kwindlela aqaqadeke ngayo okanye onemvukelo. Olu hlobo lwesalathiso "aluloncedo."
- Xa sigweba, kufuneka sichaze into ephosakeleyo eyenziwe kwaye ikukhokele kwindlela ongayenza ngayo ngcono.
Ewe kumzali oncomekayo okhuthaza ukuzimela
Umntwana ophakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-9 yeminyaka ubudala uneminyaka yobudala xa eya kwenza iingcamango ezininzi kuyo yonke into ejikelezileyo.. Kuyimfuneko ukunika izivuseleli ezilungileyo, ezakhayo nezikhuselekileyo. Banikela ingqalelo eninzi kwabanye, bobabini abadala kunye nabanye abantwana abalingana nabo, bafana "neziponji" zeemvakalelo kunye nokuziphatha.
Bakwinqanaba eliphuma "ngaphakathi ngaphandle", kamva, xa kufika ukufikisa, inkqubo iya kuguqulwa. Yonke into eyenzekayo ngaphandle iya kusingathwa kubo.
- Thetha nomntwana wakho ngesikolo, abahlobo kunye nezinto angathanda ukuzenza kwixesha elizayo.
- Mfundise ukubahlonela abanye.
- Mncede abeke iinjongo zemihla ngemihla kwaye alwe ukuze azifezekise.
- Mfundise ukuba nomonde.
- Yenzani izinto zokuzonwabisa njengosapho, ikhuthaza umanyano, unxibelelwano, umsa...
- Mfundise ukuba abe nezakhe iingcamango, agxeke, ukuya ngaphaya koko ubona kumabonakude okanye okubona kwi-Intanethi.
I-Montessori pedagogy yabantwana phakathi kwe-9 kunye ne-11 yeminyaka ubudala
Ihlabathi labantwana abancinci ligcwele umdla kunye neenkxalabo, kodwa kunye noloyiko kunye nokungaqiniseki. Sikwelo xesha apho kubalulekile ukuthanda imilinganiselo emibini ebantwaneni:
- Ukuzithemba
- Ukuzithemba
Ngamanye amaxesha sinokumangaliswa yindlela abasabela ngayo kunye nokuziphatha kwabo kule minyaka, nangona kunjalo, kude nokusabela ngendlela eyothusayo, Khumbula ukuba bajonge nje imida kunye nemingeni emitsha: eyabo, eyakho kunye neyoluntu ngokwalo.. Sinokubakhokela njani kweli nqanaba ngokweendlela zikaMontessori?
- Banike uxanduva lwemihla ngemihla abaziva beluncedo kulo.
- Baphathe njengabantu abadala abafuna uthando olukhethekileyo, abafuna ukukhokelwa kodwa bangalawulwa.
- Bavumele ukuba benze iimpazamo, ungafuni ukusombulula zonke iingxaki zabo. Ukuze babe ngabantu abadala abazimeleyo kuyimfuneko ukuba bafunde kwiimpazamo zabo.
- Baya kukucela imihla ngemihla ukuba ube nokuzimela ngakumbi ekhaya. Ukuzimela kufuneka ufunde ukuba noxanduva, kwaye le yinto ekufuneka bayibonise kuwe imihla ngemihla.
- Njengoko uMontessori esixelele, kuyimfuneko ukuba abantwana babe neembopheleleko zemihla ngemihla, ukuba bathabathe uxanduva ngezinto zabo, ukuba babe nelizwi labo kodwa bayayazi indlela yokuzihlonela kunye nehlabathi.
- Ukukubonisa ukuba banoxanduva kwaye bafanelwe ukuzimela kancinci, kufuneka bayifumane yonke imihla. Gcina igumbi lakho, yenza umsebenzi wakho wesikolo esikolweni, nceda ekhaya kwaye uhloniphe ishedyuli yakho yokubuyela ekhaya.
Ukuqukumbela, xa kuziwa ekukhuthazeni ukuzimela kwabantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-6 kunye ne-11 ubudala, kuyimfuneko ukukhathalela iimfuno zabo, ilizwe labo leemvakalelo kwaye ubenze bazive bekhuselekile, nokuba banenkxaso yethu kwinyathelo ngalinye abalithathayo.
Umntwana oziva exhaswa ngokuthe ngcembe uya kufumanisa ukuba uyakwazi ukwenza izinto ezininzi eyedwa. Olo khuseleko luya kuthetha ukuba suku ngalunye ufuna ukunyanyekelwa nguwe okanye imvume yakho ingaphantsi. Uya kufuna ukuphonononga umhlaba ukufezekisa amaphupha akho kwaye wonwabe.