Ukugula kwabantwana kuyinto eqhelekileyo kwaye uninzi lwabantwana ludla ngokugula izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nobuntwana. Kunyaka wabo wokuqala wokuzalwa, iintsana zinokubandezeleka kwizifo eziqhelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi ziya kuba zizifo ezingezizo, kodwa kuxhomekeke kwimpilo yomntwana ngokubanzi kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho, zinokuwohloka zibe yinto enkulu.
Ngexesha lonyaka wokuqala abantwana bavezwa kuzo zonke iintlobo zeearhente zangaphandle, kubangela izifo ezahlukeneyo zebhakteria kunye neentsholongwane. Lo nyaka wokuqala unokwahlulwa ube ngamanqanaba amabini, elokuqala ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-3 kwaye owesibini, ukusuka kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kunyaka wokuqala. Inqanaba lokuqala kula mabini lelona liyingozi, kuba nakuphi na ukusuleleka kunokuba nzima kwaye kukhokelele kwinto enzulu ngakumbi.
Kuwo wonke lo nyaka wokuqala, abantwana baya kugonywa kwaye ngaloo ndlela bomeleze amajoni abo omzimba kunye nokhuselo oluya kubakhusela kwizifo. Kodwa kude kube ziinyanga ezimbini bengalufumani ugonyo lokuqala, ngenxa yesi sizathu usulelo lunokuba yingozi kakhulu kwimveku. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba ukuncancisa kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yeentsana, ukuze bagonywe ngobisi lukanina.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo kunyaka wokuqala
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ukuba abantwana abancinci basesichengeni kakhulu, isifo ekuqaleni esinokubonakala siqhelekile kwaye siqhelekile, emntwaneni sinokuba yingozi kakhulu. Akufanelekanga ukungahoyi iimpawu, ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci kakhulu, kunye naziphi na iimpawu ezahlukeneyo okanye indlela yokuziphatha kumntwana wakho, yiya kugqirha wabantwana ngaphandle kokuthandabuza.
Akufanele uthelekise impilo yomntwana wakho naleyo yomnye umntwana, usana ngalunye luzalwa luneempawu ezizodwa, ezinobunzima obahlukeneyo, amanqanaba ohlukeneyo okukhula kwamajoni abo omzimba nangaphezulu. Ke ngoko, into esebenzayo omnye umntwana ayifanelanga ukuba ilunge kwabanye abantwana.
Izifo eziqhelekileyo ukuba abantwana bahlala behlupheka kunyaka wabo wokuqala ekufuneka siwuqwalasele zezi:
- Usulelo oluchaphazela iindlela zomoyaKwelinye icala, umoya ohamba phezulu onje ngebronchi, impumlo, umqala kunye netrachea. Kwaye iindlela ezisezantsi ziyimiphunga.
- I-Otitis, esisifo esichaphazela iindlebe.
- Usulelo lolusu
- Iingxaki gamazinyo.
- Usulelo lomchamo.
Izifo zokuphefumula
Izifo ezichaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla ziyahluka kwaye zineentlobo ezahlukeneyo zobukhali. Abantwana bahlala benengxaki ye-pharyngitis, ukubanda, umkhuhlane okanye i-laryngitis, kubalulekile ukuba unake iimpawu kuba ukukhohlela nefiva zezona mpawu ziphambili losulelo lokuphefumla. Ezi mpawu zinokuba luphawu lokubanda kunye ne-bronchiolitis, ke kuya kufuneka uye kugqirha ukuze umntwana wakho avavanywe ngokukhawuleza.
Banokubonakala izifo ezosulelayo ezinje nge-pneumonia, isifuba, imiphunga kunye nosulelo lwemiphunga.
I-Otitis ibangelwa kukudumba kwendlebe, ihlala ibangelwa lusulelo kwaye ihlala ibonakala ngathi iziphumo zomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane. Abantwana abancinci bathambekele kakhulu ekuphatheni i-otitis kwaye kubo kuyabacaphukisa kuba kubangela iintlungu ezininzi.
Usulelo lolusu
Izifo ezichaphazela ulusu zinokubangelwa lulusu ngokwalo ifanitshala kunye namangolwane Ekhaya. Banokubonakala ngokungasebenzisi iimveliso ezithile kulusu olubuthathaka lwabantwana, nokuba bachukumise inxeba ngezandla ezimdaka. Ukuthintela olu hlobo losulelo, kubalulekile ukuba ulumke kakhulu xa ucoca, hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngaphambi kokuchukumisa usana okanye usebenzise iimveliso ezithile.
Phakathi kosulelo lolusu kukho dermatitis atopic kunye ne-diaper rash, phakathi kwabanye.
Gastroenteritis
I-Gastroenteritis ihlala ibangelwa yi intsholongwane okanye usuleleko lwebacteria kwaye ibangela ukudumba kunye nokucaphuka. Kuhlala kungenxa yokusetyenziswa kokutya okuvelisa ukungahambelani komzimba okanye iyeza elithile elenza utshintsho kwizityalo zebacteria. Ngokubanzi ayisiyongxaki inkulu kodwa kwimeko yabantwana abancinci, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uye kugqirha ukuvavanya ityala.
Usulelo lomchamo
Ngokwesiqhelo usulelo lomchamo luhlala luvela ngenxa yomkhuhlaneNangona kunjalo, umtya wovavanyo wenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba usulelo alubangelwa zezinye izizathu.
Nangona ezi zezinye zezifo zixhaphakileyo abantwana abanazo, kubalulekile ukubeka esweni ngokusondeleyo iimpawu kwaye ukuba unokuthandabuza, yiya kugqirha wabantwana ngokukhawuleza.