Kuyinyani ukuba ngaphezulu kwama-60% amawele azalwe ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37 zokukhulelwa, oko kukuthi, bangamawele ngaphambi kwexesha. Eli nani, elinikezwe liZiko leSizwe lezeNkcukacha-manani, ngo-2018, lonyuka liye phantse kwelinye xa kufikwa ekuzalweni okuninzi ngaphezu kweemveku ezimbini.
Ngezihlandlo ezahlukeneyo sithethile, kuyo yonke le bhlog, malunga iingxaki ezo zombini zinomama nosana abanazo ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Ngeli xesha siza kugxila ngakumbi xa sithetha ngabantwana ababini, nokuba ngamawele okanye ngamawele.
Amawele azalwe ngaphambi kwexesha, ngaphambi kwexesha
Ukukhulelwa okuninzi kunzima ngakumbi kunakuqala xa kusenziwa umntwana omnye. Phakathi kwezona ziqhelekileyo ngumsebenzi wokuqala kunye nokuzalwa. Ukunyuka kwenani leemveku xa ukhulelwe, umngcipheko wokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Ukuba umntwana, okanye ababini, bazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, kukho amalungu emzimbeni wakho angazukukhula ngokupheleleyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi bafuna uncedo lokuphefumla, ukutya, ukulwa nosulelo, kunye nokugcina iqondo lobushushu lomzimba wabo.
Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha Bahlulwe baba ngamacandelwana ngokusekwe kubudala babo bokuthwala, Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha zingaphantsi kweeveki ezingama-28 ubudala, zezona zisengozini ngakumbi; Kwangaphambi kwexesha, phakathi kweeveki ezingama-20 ukuya kwezingama-32, kunye nexesha eliphakathi ukuya kwelokugqibela, zizalwa ngaphambi kwama-37. Amanye amalungu akho akakulungelanga ukujongana nobomi ngaphandle kwesibeleko kwaye anokubonisa iingxaki ezichaphazela impilo yakho kwixesha elifutshane, eliphakathi nelide,
Ngelixa kuyinyani ukuba iingxaki ezinxulumene neentsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha azikho mandundu kakhulu, ezinye ukukhubazeka kwengqondo okuhlala kufunyaniswa ngaphambi kweminyaka emihlanu okanye iingxaki zokuphefumla, Xa kufikwa kumawele, izinto ziba nzima ngakumbi, ke kuyakufuneka ukuba bachithe ixesha elithile kwi-ICU yeentsana.
I-incubator efanayo yeentsana ezimbini?
Amawele amaninzi Zidinga isifukamisi xa zizalwa. Izifundo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya leyo iboniswe liqela labongikazi le-ICU yeNonatal ye-HM Belén Maternity e-A Coruña, ingqina ukuba ukuzigcina kwi-incubator efanayo kunezibonelelo ezibalulekileyo kubo.
Ukudibanisa yimikhwa kubandakanya ukugcina amawele ngaphambi kwexesha kwi-incubator efanayo okanye kwindawo yokufudumeza ngexesha lokuhlala kwabo kwiyunithi yeNonatal. Ngendlela enengqiqo, kuyafuneka ukuba bacinge ukuba ukuba abazalwana bachitha iinyanga ezininzi kunye kwisibeleko sikanina, bechukumisa kwaye besabelana ngendawo enye, akufuneki bahlale kwiikhabhathi ezahlukeneyo xa bezalwa.
Lo mkhuba wokuhombisa ivumela iintsana ukuba zigcine ubudlelwane obukhethekileyo. Ikwalungiselela ukungqinelaniswa kokulala kunye nexesha lokuvuka, ithanda into ebizwa ngokuba yindlela ye-kangaroo, esekwe kunxibelelwano lolusu nolusu, kunye nokuncancisa. Kwelinye icala, yenza inkxaso yeemvakalelo yoomama nootata.
Ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene namawele ngaphambi kwexesha
Ukongeza kwimisebenzi yokuqala, amawele angaphambi kokuba abe nezinye iingxaki. Enye yezona zaziwa kakhulu yi i-feto-fetal fetal syndrome ukuba ukhe weva, kwaye oko kwenzeka malunga ne-15% yamawele abelana nge-placenta.
Esi sifo sikhula kuphela kumawele e-monozygotic. Kwenzeka xa Imithambo yegazi ixhuma ngaphakathi kwiplasenta kwaye iguqule igazi lisuka komnye umbungu liye kolunye. Ixesha elingaphezulu, umntwana owamkelayo ufumana igazi elininzi kakhulu, elinokukhokelela ekulayisheni kakhulu inkqubo ye-cardiovascular system kwaye kubangele ukugqithisa kwe-amniotic fluid. Kwelinye icala, olona sana lungekabikho olungekazalwa alufumani gazi laneleyo kwaye lunexabiso elincinci le-amniotic fluid.
Unyango lwe-Feto-fetal syndrome iphathwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngokususa olunye ulwelo olugqithisileyo ngenaliti okanye ngotyando lweplacental. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba yimfuneko ukubangela ukubeleka, kwaye amawele azalwe kwangoko kunokuba bekulindelwe.