Besele sithethile Malunga nolo phando lupapashwe kwi-JAMA Pediatrics elicebisa ukulibaziseka kokubanjwa kwethambo kwimizuzu embalwa emva kokubeleka, kodwa ndicinga ukuba lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuchaza ngokweenkcukacha izibonelelo ezifumanekayo. Le ngxelo iqinisekise ukuba isenzo silula njengokulibazisa umzuzu wokubetha nokusika, inokuthintela ukunqongophala kwentsimbi ngexesha lobuntwana bomntwana. Umsebenzi wangaphambili wabonisa ukuba yimizuzu emibini kuphela enefuthe ekukhuleni komntwana kwiintsuku ezilandela ukuzalwa.
Yintoni intambo yenkaba? UMaría José uchaze kakuhle kule posi imisebenzi elinayo, lilungu elibaluleke kakhulu njengoko libonelela ngesondlo kumntwana osuka kwiplacenta. Uyondla kwaye ubonelele ngeoksijini, kwaye uyaqhubeka nokuhambisa ioksijini emntwaneni xa imiphunga yakhe ingekasebenzi okanye ingasebenzi njengomthengisi. Ngumcimbi wemizuzu, kodwa ukuba uqinisa alukho, intambo iyaqhubeka nokusebenza njenge-nexus. Kutheni ubeka ugxininiso olungaka? Kubaluleke kangakanani ukulinda ukusika inkaba?
Ewe kubalulekile, kodwa ndiza kuya phambili: ukuba siyayivumela ukuba iwele ngaphandle kokubambana, unokulinda kuphela imizuzu emithathu, nangona kukho amaxesha apho inkqubo ithatha ixesha elide (ukuya kuthi ga kwimizuzu engama-20) ayisiyiyo kanaphakade leyo. Uncedwa yi-placenta, ayenzi enye into ngaphandle kokwenza omnye wemisebenzi yayo ebalulekileyo, kwaye isebenze njengeNdalo ecwangcisiweyo; Ukuba intambo isaphethe ioksijini, umntwana uya kuba nemithombo emibini yonikezelo. Kukholelwa ukuba ukunyanzelwa kwangethuba kunokuphazamisa ezi nkqubo zenkxaso yobomi, zikhokelela ekonzakaleni.
Umtya we-Umbilical: emva kokuziswa, linda ukuba uyeke ukubetha.
Umkhwa wokuvumela yonke into ukuba ithathe ikhosi yayo yendalo kuthintela i-anoxia ye-cerebral, kunye nendima yayo kwimpilo-ntle yeentsana ezizalwe zinengxaki yokubandezeleka kosana olungekazalwa akufuneki kujongelwe phantsi. Ngokwolu lwazi lupapashwe kwiwebhusayithi ye-EPEN, I-WHO ifaka ngokukhawuleza ekubambeni okanye kungabikho nto. Akukho mda wexesha, imizuzu emi-2? banokwanela okanye banganeli; intambo yesisu kufuneka iyeke ukubetha yodwa, kwaye kufanelekile ukuba iingcali eziza kuziswa nazo zilinde ukuhanjiswa kweplasenta.
Intambo engasasebenziyo imisebenzi yayo imhlophe, iyayishiya injongo yayo xa ingasafuneki. Sele kukho amazwi amaninzi acela ukuba iNdalo ivunyelwe ukuba ithathe ikhosi yayo, kukho uthotho lwezinto ezingafanelekanga ukuba zibe njalo, kodwa ziyinxalenye yenkqubo: ukwahlulwa komama nosana, ukuncancisa, ukusika kade kwentambo ... Kwiinkalo ezininzi zeenkqubo zomzimba kungcono ukuba ungangeneleli, kodwa iingcali kufuneka zikulungele ukwenzeka kwezinto ezinokwenzeka. Kwisifundo esasisesandleni, inkolelo yokuba kwakufuneka ukubamba kwangethuba ukuthintela ukopha kumama yahlala ngolunye usuku, kwaye yayihambelana nokubonakala kwe-jaundice ye-neonatal; Ngendlela, umngcipheko we-jaundice awufani ngokuxhomekeke kwinto esiyenzayo ngentambo yesambil.
Kuthekani ukuba ayikhonkxwanga? Kwaye ubambeke mva kakhulu?
Ukuphononongwa kwezilingo ezilawulwa ngokungekho mthethweni, ezilawulwayo kubonakala ngathi kugqibe ukuba uphawu lwe-polycythemia alunakunxulunyaniswa nokusika kwentambo kade. Sisiphazamiso esibangelwa kukugqitha kweeseli ezibomvu ekujikelezeni kwegazi, ezinokuthi zithintele ukujikeleza, kwaye zinokuchaphazela amalungu.
Nasi isicatshulwa esivela kwisithuba esibonisiweyo esivela kwi-EPEN:
Inye kuphela imeko echaziweyo apho kunokubakho umngcipheko wokuba umntwana afumane igazi elininzi kunokuba kufanele: ekuhanjisweni kwamanzi, ukuba amanzi angaphezulu kweedigri ezingama-37 kwaye i-placenta-cord-baby trinomial iphantsi kwamanzi ingakhokelela ekuvuseleleni . Inqaku linye kuphela kodwa akukho phando ngalo. Kuyacetyiswa ukubamba emva kwemizuzu emi-5 okanye ukhuphe iphuli kwimeko apho. Xa amanzi engasagubungeli intambo okanye engaphantsi kwama-5'37 akukho bungozi.
Izibonelelo zokulibaziseka kokubambezeleka / ukungabinakubotywa kwenkaba.
Ukongeza kwinto yokuba i-hyperbilirubinemia ngenxa yokubanjwa kade ayiboniswanga, kukho ezinye iziphumo ezibi zokubotshwa kwangoko kwentambo: Iintsana ziyacotha ukusabela, zibuthathaka, 'umthombo' weplanethi uphazanyiswe kwangethuba kakhulu, uyeka utofelo-gazi, ehambelana nokusilela kwentsimbi ekhankanyiweyo. Ngokuchasene noko, izibonelelo:
Ukuba igazi eliyi-placenta liqhubeka nokumpompa lithathwa njengesinongo, kuyacaca ukuba oku kuyinzuzo, ukongeza imiphunga ayinakunyanzelwa kwaye ayimfuneko ukwenza ukukhala, ngaloo ndlela kwahlula umntwana kwi Umama wayo.
Ezi ngcebiso ziluncedo ekulandeleni xa usana luzisiwe ngecandelo lokuhlinzwa.
Umfanekiso - Ubomi bukaTbsdy
Macarena, enkosi ngale posi. Kodwa ndicinga ukuba uncedo lokuqunjelwa kade alucaci. Ngapha koko, i-WHO icebisa kuphela kumazwe anempilo okanye isondlo. Kumazwe aphucukileyo afana nala wethu, ukungayinqamli intambo ide iyeke ukubetha kunokuba yinto engenziwanga. Kwiimeko ezithile kunokubangela umphumo ochaseneyo nalowo ufunwayo: Inxalenye yegazi lomntwana ibuyela umva kwi-placenta, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa inani elipheleleyo legazi lomntwana. Kukho ukonyuka kwamatyala abantwana abane-polycythemia (ihaba yemveliso yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi) phakathi kwamatyala okubambezeleka kokubotshwa.
Ukulibazisa ukubambelela ngentambo okugqithisileyo kuthintela igazi lomqolo ekuqokeleleni, oko ke kuthintele ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elizayo kweeseli ezinesiqu. I-80% yegazi lentambo ingena emntwaneni ngemizuzu yokuqala emva kokubeleka. Ke ngoko, kubonakala ngathi, ngokweengcali endiye ndadibana nazo, elona xesha lilungileyo lokusika umbilini, ukuvumela umntwana ukuba afumane elona xabiso liphezulu legazi kwaye kwangaxeshanye, aqokelele oko kusekho kwintambo.
Molo Augustine, enkosi ngezimvo zakho. Jonga, ngokwamaxwebhu esiwajongileyo, kwaye nokuba leliphi ilizwe othetha ngalo, kubonakala ngathi lelona xesha lilungileyo lokucofa intambo linokuba phakathi komzuzu omnye ukuya kwemithathu emva kokuzalwa.
Umzekelo, esi sithuba (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/120076/1/WHO_RHR_14.19_spa.pdf?ua=1Ityikitywe ngamacandelo ama-3 (kubandakanya iWHO) afundeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: «Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi ucebisa ukubanjwa kade kwembambo. Ukubambezeleka kokubambezeleka kwenkaba (kwenziwe phakathi komzuzu omnye ukuya kwemi-1 emva kokubeleka) kuyacetyiswa kuzo zonke izinto ezithunyelwayo, ngaxeshanye ukuba ukhathalelo lomntwana olusandul 'ukuzalwa luqale ”.
Okanye olu xwebhu lwePAHO lulandelayo: http://publications.paho.org/spanish/Capitulo_1_OT_195.pdf. Ukusuka apho ndikhetha umhlathi “Nokuba zithini izizathu zokutshintsha kwendlela yokubambezela intambo, kucacile ukuba kuncinci kakhulu okanye, endaweni yoko, abukho ubungqina benzululwazi obuthethelela ukubotshwa kwangoko njengenkqubo yenzuzo enkulu usana olusandul 'ukuzalwa okanye unina.
Kwelinye icala, ekungeneni kwe-EPEN, ukhankanya uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo, olugqiba ekubeni abukho ubungqina phakathi kokubambana kade kunye ne-polycythemia (https://www.elpartoesnuestro.es/informacion/6-el-cordon-umbilical).
Singayithanda loo nto, ukuba ucinga ukuba kufanelekile, ungasinika amakhonkco aluncedo. Ukubulisa 🙂