Ngithukile lapho ngithola lolu cwaningo olusha ngu Adrian raine, wase-University of Pennsylvania, usosayensi owaziwayo ophambili emkhakheni owaziwa ngokuthi i-neurocriminology. Kepha lokhu kuhlangene ngani izinkinga zokuziphatha ezinganeni futhi i omega-3 fatty acids? Uma unginika imizuzu embalwa, ngizokutshela, ngoba le ndaba ayimoshwa.
U-Adrian Raine kudala wafunda ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-biology nemvelo uma kukhulunywa nge ukungaziphathi komphakathi kanye nobugebengu. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi kunobufakazi obuqinile bomzimba bokuthi ukuphazamiseka kwezingxenye ezilawula imizwa ebuchosheni kungaziveza ngokuqubuka kodlame, ukwenza izinqumo ngokuxhamazela, nezinye izici zokuziphatha ezihambisana nobugebengu, ucwaningo oluningi lukaRaine Kubandakanya ukubheka ukungenelela kwezinto eziphilayo kungakuvikela kule miphumela yokuziphatha. Ucwaningo olusha olwenziwe yilo mcwaningi nabanye ososayensi abakulayini, lukhombisa ukuthi omega-3 fatty acids ingaba nemiphumela ye- ukuthuthukiswa kwemizwa yesikhathi eside engakwazi ekugcineni ukunciphisa izinkinga zokungazibandakanyi nomphakathi nolaka ezinganeni.
Ngenkathi uRaine esengumfundi othweswe iziqu, yena nabanye asebenza nabo benza ucwaningo lwesikhathi eside lwezingane esiqhingini esincane saseMauritius. Abaphenyi balandele ukukhula kwezingane ezazibambe iqhaza ohlelweni lokucebisa njengoba zineminyaka emi-3 kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezingane ezazingazange zibambe iqhaza. Lolu hlelo lokucebisa lubandakanya ukukhuthaza okwengeziwe kwengqondo, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokucebisa ngokudla okunempilo. Eminyakeni eyi-11, ababambiqhaza bakhombisa ukuthuthuka okuphawuleka ekusebenzeni kobuchopho uma kuqhathaniswa nabangewona abahlanganyeli. Lapho beneminyaka engama-23, bakhombisa ukwehla kwe-34% ekuziphatheni kobugebengu.
URaine nozakwabo babenentshisekelo ezinhlelweni zalokhu kuthuthuka, njengoba ezinye izifundo zase zivele zaphakamisa ukuthi ingxenye yokudla okunempilo kwakufanele ifundwe kahle.
"Sibonile ukuthi izingane ebezingenawo umsoco omubi ezineminyaka emithathu ubudala bezingavumelani nomphakathi futhi zinolaka eminyakeni engu-3, 8 nengu-11 ubudala", Kusho uRaine. “Lokho kusenze sabheka emuva kulokhu kungenelela sabona ukuthi yini egqamile ngengxenye yokudla okunempilo. Ingxenye yalokhu kucebisa ukuthi izingane zithola izinhlanzi ezimbili ngaphezulu nohhafu wezinhlanzi ngesonto. "
Olunye ucwaningo olwalwenzeka ngasikhathi sinye lwaluqala ukukhombisa ukuthi i-omega-3 fatty acids ibalulekile ekukhuleni nasekusebenzeni kobuchopho.
'I-Omega-3 ilawula ama-neurotransmitters, ithuthukisa impilo ye-neuron futhi inyuse i-dendritic branching, kepha imizimba yethu ayikhiqizi. Singayithola kuphela kwimvelo », Kusho uRaine.
Ucwaningo nge-neuroanatomy yezigebengu ezinodlame luphakamise ukuthi le kungaba yinsimu ongangenelela kuyo. Ngokusho kwabanye abacwaningi, ukucabanga kobuchopho kukhombisile ukuthi i-omega-3 fatty acid supplementation inyusa ukusebenza kwe-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, isifunda esitholwe nguRaine sinezinga eliphakeme lokulimala noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwabaphula umthetho.
Ucwaningo olusha lukaRaine lunikeze isilingo esilawulwa ngokungahleliwe lapho izingane zizothola njalo izithasiselo ze-omega-3. Izingane eziyikhulu, ezineminyaka engu-8 kuya kwengu-16, ngayinye zithola isiphuzo esiqukethe igramu elilodwa le-omega-3 kanye ngosuku izinyanga eziyisithupha, zibhangqwe nezingane eziyikhulu ezathola isiphuzo esifanayo ngaphandle kwesengezo. Izingane nabazali kuwo womabili amaqembu badlule ochungechungeni lokuhlolwa kobuntu kanye nemibuzo yemibuzo ekuqaleni kwesifundo.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, abacwaningi benze ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula ukubona ukuthi izingane eziseqenjini lokuhlola zinamazinga aphezulu e-omega-3 fatty acids kunalawo asezilawulweni. Babuye baphinda nokuhlolwa kobuntu. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemuva kwalokho, abacwaningi baphinde bathatha imibuzo ukuze babone ukuthi umphumela walezi zithasiselo wawuhlala isikhathi eside yini.
Ukuhlolwa kwabazali kuhlose ukubuza abazali ukuthi ngabe izingane zabo zijwayele "ukuveza ngaphandle" indlela yokuziphatha enobudlova nokungahambisani nomphakathi, njengokulwa, kanye nokuziphatha "kokufaka ngaphakathi", njengokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka noma ukuzihlukanisa. Izingane zacelwa nokuthi zizilinganise ngalezi zici.
Ngenkathi imibiko yezingane igcinwa kuwo womabili la maqembu, isilinganiso esichazayo sokuziphatha okuchazwe ngabazali nokungaziphathi kahle kwehlile kuwo womabili amaqembu ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Kodwa-ke, lawo mazinga abuyela esisekelweni seqembu elilawulayo lapho isengezo sikhishwa futhi sahlolwa ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kamuva.
"Uma kuqhathaniswa nesisekelo ezinyangeni zero"kusho uRaine, 'Womabili la maqembu akhombisa ukuthuthuka ekuqedeni nasekusebenziseni izinkinga zokuziphatha ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Lowo ngumphumela we-placebo.
“Okwakuthakazelisa kakhulu yilokho okwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-12. Iqembu lokulawula libuyela kwesisekelo, ngenkathi iqembu le-omega-3 liqhubeka nokwehla. Ekugcineni, sabona ukwehliswa kwamaphesenti angama-42 kokuziphatha kwangaphandle kanye nokwehla kokuziphatha okungu-62%. '
Mayelana namarekhodi okungena ezinyangeni eziyisithupha nezingu-6, abazali baphinde baphendula imibuzo ephathelene nezici zabo zokuziphatha. Ngokumangazayo, abazali baphinde bakhombisa ukuthuthuka ekuziphatheni kwabo okungahambisani nomphakathi nolaka. Lokhu kungachazwa ngoba abazali bathathe okunye kokungezelela, noma ngenxa nje yempendulo enhle ekuziphatheni kwabo kwezingane okuthuthukile.
Abaphenyi baxwayisa ngokuthi lokhu kuhlala kungumsebenzi wokuqala ukuthola iqhaza elibanjwa umsoco kusixhumanisi phakathi kokukhula kobuchopho nokuziphatha okungafaneleki emphakathini. Izinguquko ezibonwe esikhathini sonyaka owodwa sokuhlolwa kungenzeka zingapheli, futhi imiphumela ingahle ingatholakali ngaphandle komongo owehlukile waseMauritius.
Ngaphandle kwale migede, noma kunjalo, kunesizathu sokuqhubeka nokuhlola indima ye-omega-3 fatty acids njengokungenelela kokuqala kokuziphatha okungahambisani nomphakathi.
"Njengesici esivikelayo ekwehliseni izinkinga zokuziphatha ezinganeni, ukudla okunomsoco kuyindlela ethembisayo, akubizi kakhulu, futhi kungaba lula ukuphatha"kusho abacwaningi.
Ucwaningo lushicilelwe ephephabhukwini Ijenali ye-Psychology Yezingane kanye Nezifo Zengqondo.