Ukutheleleka kokucasulayo izibungu (izikelemu) Kwenzeka ezindaweni lapho kunezingane eziningi, njengezikole noma amapaki, lapho zithinta izinto ezingcolile (amapensela, amathoyizi, amathawula, okokulala) ezinamaqanda amancane avela kwenye ingane ethintekile eklwebhane indunu futhi engazange igeze izandla ngendlela efanele . Nakuba lesi sifo singakhathaza, sivame kakhulu futhi ukwelashwa kwaso kulula.
Lapho enye ingane ixhaphaza labo izinto ezigcwele, ungawacosha amaqanda ungaqapheli, nakuba uzongenwa isifo kuphela uma ufaka izandla emlonyeni. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i- amaqanda angasinda endaweni kuze kube amasonto amathathu, okwandisa amathuba okutheleleka.
Ziyini izikelemu futhi kungani zihlasela izingane?
I-Pinworms, igama layo lesayensi I-Enterobius vermicularis, izimuncagazi ezincane ezimhlophe ezinomumo obude, ezinobude obuphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-1 no-2. Lolu hlobo lokutheleleka luvame kakhulu ezinganeni ngenxa yemikhuba yazo yenhlanzeko, engakabi ukucophelela njengeyabantu abadala. Ngokusho kwe-Spanish Association of Pediatrics, phakathi 40% y 50% izingane ezisafunda ziye zaba nezikelemu esikhathini esithile.
Izikelemu zabantu abadala zihlala emathunjini amakhulu, kanti ezinsikazi zifaka amaqanda endaweni ye-perianal, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, okubangela ukulunywa okukhulu futhi ngokuvamile kuholela ingane ukuba iklwebhe, ngaleyo ndlela kube lula umjikelezo wokubuyisela amagciwane.
Izimpawu eziyinhloko zezikelemu zamathumbu
Izimpawu zezikelemu ziqala ukubonakala cishe inyanga eyodwa ngemva kokutheleleka, njengoba lesi yisikhathi ezidinga ukukhula emzimbeni. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Ukuluma endaweni ye-anal: Lolu phawu, olubuye lwaziwe ngokuthi ukulunywa indunu, lubi kakhulu ebusuku, njengoba lesi yisikhathi lapho abesifazane bebekela amaqanda abo.
- Ukucasuka kwesikhumba: Ukunwaya okuqhubekayo kungabangela ukulimala endaweni ye-perianal kanye nesitho sangasese.
- Ukuqwasha novalo: Ukungakhululeki ebusuku kungaphazamisa ukulala kwengane, kubangele ukucasuka.
- Ukungakhululeki okungenzeka kwesisu: Nakuba kungavamile, ezinye izingane ziba nobuhlungu besisu obuncane.
Emantombazaneni, izikelemu zingasakazeka endaweni yangasese, okubangela ukungakhululeki okwengeziwe njengokucasuka noma ukuphuma.
Ukuxilongwa kwezibungu
Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Ukuboniswa okuqondile: Izikelemu zingase zibonakale endaweni yengane, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Angabuye avele endle noma ezimpahleni zangaphansi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Graham: Kuhlanganisa ukufaka ucezu lwetheyiphu enamathelayo ebonisa ngale endaweni yendunu ekuseni kakhulu, ngaphambi kokuba ingane igeze. Le tape ibe isihlaziywa ngesibonakhulu ukuze kutholakale amaqanda.
Indlela yokwelapha izikelemu zamathumbu
Ukukhipha izikelemu kuyashesha futhi kulula. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa:
- Imithi ye-Antiparasite: Udokotela wezingane angase anikeze imithi efana ne-mebendazole noma i-pyrantel pamoate, ebulala izikelemu ezindala ngomthamo owodwa. Kudingeka ukuphinda umthamo ngemva kwamasonto amabili ukuze kuqedwe amaqanda okungenzeka noma izibungu eziye zasinda.
- Izinyathelo ezengeziwe zenhlanzeko: Ukugeza kwasekuseni, ukushintsha izingubo zangaphansi nsuku zonke nezingubo zokulala zokuwasha kanye namathawula ngamanzi ashisayo kubalulekile ukuze ugweme ukuphinda utheleleke.
- Ukwelashwa okupholisayo: Uma kwenzeka ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ukhilimu omnene ungasetshenziswa ukuze ukhulule ukulunywa.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukugwema izikelemu
Ukugwema ukutheleleka kanye nokutheleleka kabusha kungenzeka ngokulandela izinyathelo eziqinile zokuhlanzeka:
- Ukugeza izandla njalo: Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ekugezeni okufanele ngensipho namanzi, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuya endlini yangasese nangaphambi kokudla.
- Ukuhlanzeka endaweni ye-perianal: Kunconywa ukuhlanza izinqe zengane kanye ne-anus ngemva kokunyakaza kwamathumbu ngakunye.
- Izinzipho ezimfushane nezihlanzekile: Ukugcina izinzipho zakho zisikwe kahle kuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwamaqanda ngaphansi kwazo.
- Ukugeza izinga lokushisa eliphezulu: Izinto zokulala, amathawula kanye nezingubo zangaphansi kufanele ziwashwe ngamanzi ashisayo ukuze kucekelwe phansi amaqanda.
- Gwema ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu: Okufana namathawula noma izingubo zangaphansi, ngoba zingaba imoto yokutheleleka.
- Amaphijama avaliwe: Zisiza ukuvikela ingane ukuthi inganwayi ngenkathi ilele.
Lezi zinyathelo ezilula azigcini nje ngokulawula ukusabalala kwezibungu, kodwa futhi zinciphisa amathuba okutheleleka kabusha phakathi kwamalungu omndeni.
Ukutheleleka kwezikelemu emathunjini kungenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu ebuntwaneni, kodwa ngenhlanhla, kulula ukwelapha nokuvimbela. Ukugcina imikhuba efanele yenhlanzeko futhi ngokuya kudokotela ngezimpawu zokuqala, izinkinga zingagwenywa futhi inhlalakahle yabancane iqinisekisiwe.