Eminyakeni edlule, amathuba okukhulelwa ancipha. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abaningi bakhetha ukulinda ngaphezu kwe-35 ukuzama ukuthola ingane. Yini etholakalayo nalokho okulahlekile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
“Kulezi zinsuku, sekujwayelekile ukuthi abesifazane bathathe isinqumo sokuhlehlisa ukuba kwabo omama, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezizathu zomsebenzi. Ngalesi sizathu, eminyakeni yamuva nje kube nokushintsha okuphawulekayo eminyakeni lapho abesifazane benquma ukuba nengane yabo yokuqala: bayanda abantu besifazane ababonakala uma sebeneminyaka engamashumi amathathu ubudala futhi banquma ukwenza lo msebenzi okokuqala ", kusho uSandra UMiasnik, udokotela wezifo zabesifazane nodokotela wezifo zokuzala eCegyr (Centre for Gynecology and Reproduction Studies).
Kodwa-ke, uchwepheshe uxwayisa ngokuthi lokhu kubambezeleka kungaletha inkinga, ngoba laba besifazane "mhlawumbe kabanaki ukuthi ukuzala kuqala ukwehla eminyakeni engama-35 bese kufinyelela kuma-40, lokhu kwehla kuyashesha." Lokhu kuguqulwa kwamandla okuzala kungenxa yokwehla kwenani nekhwalithi yama-ovules njengoba iminyaka ihamba.
Ebuzwa mayelana nokuthi ungabonisana nini nodokotela, uMiasnik uchaza ukuthi umuntu angaqala ukukhuluma ngokungabi nenzalo ngemuva kokufuna ngempumelelo owesifazane okhulelwe izinyanga eziyi-12. Ngalo mqondo, uchwepheshe uqokomisa: «Iminyaka yowesifazane ibaluleke kakhulu ngokwamandla akhe okuzala, ngakho-ke kuphakanyiswa ukuthi uthintane nesazi sokukhiqiza ngemuva kokuqeda unyaka wokusesha ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala nangemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha emdala kunale minyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibhangqwana enesizathu esaziwayo kufanele isondele ekubonisaneni ngokushesha okukhulu, kungakhathalekile ukuthi isikhathi sidlulile.
Izindlela
Kusukela kwazalwa usana lokuqala lokuhlola umntwana uLouise Brown, eminyakeni engama-30 eyedlule, izindlela zokukhulelwa azange zande ngobuningi kuphela, kodwa ukusebenza kwazo kukhula usuku nosuku. Njengamanje, kunamaqembu amabili amakhulu lapho izindlela ezahlukahlukene zihlelwe ngaphansi kwazo. Lokhu kungaba yinkimbinkimbi ephezulu noma ephansi.
Phakathi kwalezo eziyinkimbinkimbi ephansi, okuvame kakhulu ukufaka isisu nge-intrauterine, okubandakanya ukwethulwa kwe-cannula ngomlomo wesibeletho ukuze kufakwe isidoda esithuthukisiwe (ngenqubo yokukhetha isidoda esihle kakhulu esibizwa ngokuthi yi-swim-up). futhi eduze kwamashubhu. Lokhu kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kweqanda, okuhlelwe ngudokotela, futhi kuvame ukuhambisana nokukhuthaza ama-ovari ukwandisa isibalo samaqanda atholakalayo.
IMiasnik futhi isebenza ukuthi indlela eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu esetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla yi-In Vitro Fertilization kanye ne-ICSI technique (intracytoplasmic sperm injection). Kuqukethe ukuvuselela ama-ovari ukuthi akhiqize inani elikhulu lamaqanda, afune izinhlayiya zama-ovari eziqukethe la maqanda (le nqubo yenziwa egumbini lokuhlinzwa nangaphansi kwe-anesthesia) bese kuthi elabhorethri, udokotela wombungu afake iqanda ngalinye ngesidoda kusuka izithandani. Ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu ngemuva kwesifiso sobufoli, imibungu etholakalayo idluliselwa emgodini wesibeletho. Ngokuvamile nangokuya ngecala elithile, kudluliswa imibungu ephakathi kwemibili kuya kwemithathu. Ezinsukwini eziyishumi nambili kamuva, ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa kuzokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kombungu kwenzeka noma cha.
Ngokunjalo, udokotela waseCegyr uqokomisa ukubaluleka kwenye indlela, njengomnikelo weqanda. «Izinkomba zayo ezivame kakhulu yizimo zabesifazane abanezinga eliphansi lama-ovari noma ukuphendula okuphansi noma okungekho ukuphendula ekukhuthazeni ama-ovari ekwelashweni kwangaphambilini. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa amaqanda anikelwe ngabesifazane abasebasha abafundelwa izifundo zomzimba nezingokwengqondo. Kwi-Vitro Fertilization noma i-ICSI kwenziwa ngesidoda esivela kumlingani wowesifazane owemukelayo bese imibungu etholakalayo idluliselwa esibelethweni sesiguli ”. Ngokusho kukaMiasnik, le ndlela yokwelashwa imele enye indlela ebalulekile yokwamukelwa ukuze uhlale isibopho nengane kusukela ekukhulelweni, ekubelethweni nasekubeleni.
Indima kadokotela
«Imibhangqwana ebhekene nenkinga yokungazali futhi edinga ukwelashwa, ithole ukuthi into engokwemvelo kwabaningi njengeqiniso lokukhulelwa kwengane ebudlelwaneni bezithandani, idinga ukungenelela komuntu wesithathu. Lokhu kuyabacindezela, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi bazizwe bekhululekile futhi behamba kahle ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, "kusho uchwepheshe oboniswe yi-Infobae.com.
USandra Miasnik uphinde agcizelele ukuthi kubalulekile ukukwazi ukwakha uhlaka oluhle lokuxhasa bobabili nokuthi impilo yezocansi yalaba abashadayo kumele igcinwe kanjalo futhi ingabi "yimpilo yokuzala". "Kungumsebenzi wabo bonke odokotela, ngaphandle kwalokhu okukhethekile, ukwazi ukuthi bangaziphelezela kanjani iziguli zabo hhayi kuphela kusuka kokuphilayo kepha futhi nakwezomzwelo", ucabanga.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ulandisa ukuthi ingxenye enhle kakhulu yomsebenzi wakhe kulapho kutholakala ukukhulelwa nokuthi kaningi, isibopho esiphakathi kweziguli kanye nochwepheshe siyaphikelela ngemuva kokuzalwa. “Kuyaduduza ngempela ukuba nezivakashi nokubona izithombe zalo mndeni omusha. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, inkumbulo yalokho okwabiwa nabashadikazi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, amabinzana, ukushukuma komzimba, ukukhathazeka nokubabona beba ngabazali kuwumuzwa onamandla nakithina odokotela, ”kuphetha yena.