Ucwaningo lubizwa “Izinguquko ekwabiweni kwamasonto onke kokuzalwa. Ukuhlaziywa kwesikhashana ngo-1940-2010 ". Nakhu onakho okushicilelwe kuyiSpanish Journal of Sociological Research. Ku-abstract, sithola ukuthi umsebenzi ungena ezincwadini ezikhombisa ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kokuzalwa konyaka kuye kwavela kanjani kumamodeli alawulwa yizici zomphakathi.
Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi emphakathini waseValencian, umkhakha wezempilo unomthelela ekwabiweni kwamasonto onke kokuzalwa, ngoba amabutho ezokwelapha aphethe isikhundla se-hegemonicNgamanye amagama: ukuzalwa okuningi kwenzeka ezinsukwini eziphakathi neviki (ikakhulukazi ngoLwesibili nangoLwesithathu) lapho kudokotela bekhona. Okusho ukuthi ukulethwa (nezinsuku / amasonto okugcina okukhulelwa) kuhlelwa ngokweqile.
Izinguquko ezingokwenhlalo nezamasiko emashumini eminyaka adlule ziholele ekuveleni kwamagugu amasha nokuziphatha emphakathini eSpain, njengesibonelo, umsebenzi ucaphuna amacala odokotela abaya kuphela ekulethweni okuhleliwe nasezigabeni zokuhlinzwa.
Ngisho nezimo zabesifazane abacela ukulethwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenhloso yokuthi "kungabi nokuhlupheka" ziyacashunwa, yize ukuphikisa lo mbono, uNati wabhala "ngezinzuzo" ezihlobene nalokhu kungenelela, ngokungafani nezinzuzo zomsebenzi. Uhlelo lwethu lwezempilo luyaziqhenya amanani aphezulu kakhulu esigaba sokuhlinzwa (25,20% ngo-2005), Futhi kunjalo akuzona zonke izingxenye zokubeletha ezidingekayo (ngaphezulu, abanye bayaphoqwa); Ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa ukuthi uzazise kahle, usebenzise isikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Emphakathini waseValencian, izingane zizalwa ngoLwesibili nangoLwesithathu.
Ngokuqhubeka nocwaningo, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi “lapho ukuzalwa kwenzeka 'kungahlelwanga', isilinganiso phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 zeviki kufanele silandele amathuba okusabalalisa umfaniswano ohlukile, kanye nenani elilindelekile lezinsana esingalindela usuku ngalunye ngesonto, kungaba ngamaphesenti ayi-14,28 ”, kepha empeleni bagxila ezinsukwini ezimbili. Ucwaningo luphinde luqinisekise "imingcele ethile emandleni okwenza izinqumo ngabazali" ngoba ukuzalwa kwezingane zabo kubekelwa izidingo nezifiso zabasebenzi bezempilo.
Umbuzo engizibuza wona, futhi "engiwuphonsa" emoyeni uthi: Likuphi iqhaza likamama okhulelwe, ngisho ingane okuyiyo ekugcineni enquma ukuthi izalwa nini? Impendulo ilula: bahlala ezandleni zochwepheshe bezempilo; ngakolunye uhlangothi okufanele babambe iqhaza labo ekunakekeleni izinkinga, kepha hhayi indima ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba (masingakhohlwa) ukubeletha kuyinqubo yomzimba.
Ngiphetha ngenothi elithakazelisayo kusuka endaweni yokubuka kwabantu, ngisho nomphakathi: "Izinhlobo zenhlangano yezenhlalo (kanye nobudlelwano bamandla odokotela neziguli) zinemithelela engeyona ingozi ekuguqukeni kwezinto eziphilayo, imiphumela yalo msebenzi ibuye ibe nomthelela emkhakheni we-actuary and demographic". Kungaletha nokuphazamiseka okungalindelekile kumasampula akhelwe ucwaningo lwesayensi yezenhlalo kanye nokuhlolwa kwemitholampilo.
Kimina kuyacaca ukuthi ulwazi lunikeza amandla, futhi esimweni somama abakhulelwe, lwandisa amandla abo okwenza izinqumo kanye nobuholi babo; kodwa-ke ekuhlelweni komsebenzi emkhakheni wezokwelapha, kungenzeka kuphela ukuthonya okuvela enhlanganweni yezikhungo zesibhedlela, noma izinqubomgomo zomkhakha.
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