ESpain kunemfundo elawulwayo, ake sithi kuvamile. Indlela yokusebenza, ethi ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane ilandelwe izinkulisa, izikole nezikhungo. Kodwa futhi kunezinye izindlela zokufundisa, enikeza izingane amathuluzi okuzifundisa wona.
Sizokhuluma i-Kumon, Montessori, Waldorf, Doman eyaziwa kakhulu. Lezi zindlela zingasetshenziswa futhi ngokuhlangana nemisebenzi yangaphandle. Okuhlanganisa ezinye izimfundiso yilokho konke kuthuthukisa ukuzimela nokuzimela lomzimba wabafundi kusukela ekuqaleni, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kothisha abakhethekile.
Indlela yaseJapan Kumon
Lolu hlelo lwasungulwa uthisha wezibalo waseJapan ukusiza indodana yakhe, eyayinenkinga ngezibalo. I- Indlela yeKumon ithinta izibalo kanye nokufunda, futhi inhloso yawo ukuthi umfundi abe namakhono anele kulezi zindawo ezimbili ukuze enze kahle kakhulu ezifundweni zakhe.
Le ndlela ihlukaniswe ngamazinga ahlukene: kusuka emfundweni yezingane zisencane kuya esikoleni esiphakeme. Ekuqaleni, umfundi unikezwa isivivinyo, ukubheka ukuthi kufanele aqale kuliphi izinga, futhi kuhlelwe ngendlela yokuthi aze abe nolwazi lweleveli eyodwa, angakwazi ukudlulela kwelilandelayo. Ezinye izikole bayifakile njengomsebenzi wesikhashana, ngoba kwanele ukukuprakthiza kabili ngeviki, isigamu sehora, nemizuzu embalwa ezinye izinsuku ukuthola imiphumela emihle.
Abazali kufanele baqaphe izingane zabo umsebenzi wasekhaya nsuku zonke, futhi balungise izivivinyo zabo, ngesifanekiso abazosinikeza esikhungweni.
UMontessori noWaldof
Lezi zindlela ezimbili ezihlukile ze ukufundisa mhlawumbe yibo abaziwa kakhulu. Kokubili, inhloso ukuthi abafundi babe nenkululeko ephezulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, futhi bafunde nokuzicabangela. Indlela yeMontessori isuselwa ku- unikeze izingane imvelo nezinto zokwakha okubasiza ukuthi bathuthukise ulwazi lwabo bebodwa, okuvumela izingane zisencane kakhulu ukwanelisa ilukuluku labo lemvelo.
Emakilasini, abafana namantombazane, abahlanganiswe ngeminyaka engafani, banenkululeko yokuhamba, futhi ukufinyelela mahhala ezintweni zokwakha. Bakhululekile ukukhetha uhlobo lomsebenzi abafuna ukuwenza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Uthisha ufeza indima yokubuka nokuqondisa, kepha uyangenelela okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka emsebenzini wabo.
Indlela UWaldorf ubalekela ukufundisa okuqondisiwe, okuphezulu nokuncintisana, futhi isekela isu layo ekhonweni lezingane lokulingisa, ukucabanga nokuzama, ukuzivumelanisa nentuthuko yazo nokuvusa intshisekelo yokwazi umhlaba. Abafundi bale ndlela abazisebenzisi izincwadi, ngokubonisana kuphela. Imisebenzi yobuhlakani, yobuciko neyenziwayo iyahlanganiswa ukufeza ukuqeqeshwa kwabo okuphelele.
Enye indlela yokufundisa uDoman
UGlenn J. Doman wasungula i-Institutes for the Development of Human Potential ngawo-50. Lo dokotela ukuqinisekisile ukuthi kukhona ezinye izindlela lapho ufundisa izingane ukufunda, ukuthi indlela yama-syllabic ayiyona efanelekile impela, nokuthi izingane ziyakwazi ukubona izinhlamvu namagama uma zanele ngokwanele, futhi zifunde ukufunda ngaphambi kweminyaka emithathu.
Indlela yeDoman yakhelwe umzali ukuthi zijwayeze nengane yakho, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nezidingo zengane. Ngokuyisisekelo, kumayelana nokukhombisa ingane uchungechunge lwamakhadi ayisihlanu anamagama, abhalwe ngamagama amakhulu futhi ahambelana nomkhakha ofanayo ngokushesha, kathathu ngosuku. Kumele kwenziwe njengomdlalo, futhi ufunde igama ngalinye ngomdlandla, ngokuzwakalayo nangokucacile. Njengoba ingane ikhula, imisho iyehla ngosayizi ngandlela thile futhi amagama ayakhulisa.
Le ndlela Ingasetshenziswa ezinkulisa nasezikoleni zama-nursery ukufundisa izingane ukufunda. Ezikoleni ezilandela le ndlela, kusetshenziswa 'izingcezu' zobuhlakani, lokhu kuyunithi lemininingwane elincane elingacutshungulwa ngomzuzwana owodwa.