La i-placenta ephansi noma i-previa Kuyindida eyenzeka ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa lapho i-placenta yehla (yehla) ngokuphelele noma ingxenye engxenyeni engezansi yesibeletho, lapho igxilisa khona futhi ingavimbela ukuvuleka komlomo wesibeletho kwangaphakathi komlomo wesibeletho.
Kulesi sihloko sizofunda kungani kwenzeka i-placenta previa, amazinga ayo ahlukene okubonakaliswa, imiphi imiphumela enayo kumama nengane yakhe, kanye nokwelashwa okukhonjisiwe kulesi simo.
Iyini i-placenta ephansi noma i-previa?
Ekukhulelweni okujwayelekile i-placenta ixhunywe engxenyeni engenhla noma esemaceleni yesibeletho. Kodwa ezimweni ezithile, i-placenta ingashintsha ukuma ngokwehlela phansi kwesibeletho, ivale umlomo wesibeletho futhi iwuvimbe ngokuphelele noma kancane.
Kungani ikhiqizwa?
I-Placenta previa ngokuvamile kwenzeka phakathi kwenyanga yesibili noma yesithathu yokukhulelwa futhi ihlasela owesifazane oyedwa kwabangama-200 abakhulelwe. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka kwabesifazane ababhemayo, asebekhulile, abanomlando wokuhlinzwa noma abakhipha izisu, abanokukhubazeka kwesibeletho noma izifo (ezifana nama-fibroids), ukukhulelwa okuningi, izifo, noma ukudla izidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine.
Izinhlobo ze-placenta previa kanye nezimpawu
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I-Placenta previa itholwa kusetshenziswa i-ultrasound ye-transvaginal noma yesisu, yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kukho konke ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile okuhlelwe nguchwepheshe.
Lokhu kuthinteka kungazibonakalisa ngamazinga ahlukene:
- I-placenta previa ephelele: lapho i-placenta ivala umlomo wesibeletho ngokuphelele.
- Ingxenye ye-placenta previa: uma ivala ingxenye yomlomo wesibeletho ishiya umkhawulo omncane ongavimbekile.
- Placenta previa emaphethelweni: uma ifinyelela ku-os yangaphakathi yomlomo wesibeletho kodwa ingasimbozi.
- i-placenta yangemuva noma ephansi: uma i-placenta ifakwe endaweni ephansi ifinyelela engxenyeni engezansi yesibeletho. Lona ubucayi obuncane kunabo bonke.
Olunye lwezimpawu eziyinhloko ze-placenta ephansi noma i-previa ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane okugqama ngokubabomvu ngokugqamile. Ngokuvamile lesi sibonakaliso asihambisani nobuhlungu futhi kwenzeka ngemva kwamasonto angu-20 okukhulelwa. Kwesinye isikhathi ungabona amachashaza egazi avela ngaphambi komcimbi obangela ukulahleka kwegazi okwengeziwe.
I-prognosis ye-placenta previa muhle. uma ulashwa ngendlela efanele futhi ingozi yokufa ehambisana nale nkinga iphansi kakhulu, phakathi kuka-2% no-5%. Kunoma yikuphi, kungcono ukuhola imikhuba yokuphila enempilo ekhuthaza ukukhula okuhle kwengane kanye nokukhulelwa okunempilo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukopha kungase futhi kuhambisane nokufinyela ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwesibeletho okubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphuma kwegazi kungavela ezimweni ngemva kocansi noma ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Kwezinye izikhathi kubonakala kuze kube yilapho umntwana ezalwa. Ngokufigqiwe, kungathiwa asikho isigameko esiqondile esidala ukuthi singcwele.
Ukuze uvimbele izinkinga ezingenzeka, kuyalulekwa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela phakathi ne-trimester yesibili noma yesithathu yokukhulelwa inqobo nje uma ukopha kunamandla phakathi nesikhathi esishiwo.
Imiphumela kanye nokwelashwa
Ngokuvamile i-placenta previa iphuma emavikini angu-28 ekukhulelweni lapho umlomo wesibeletho unwebeka. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungenzeka kungenzeki, ngakho-ke uchungechunge lwezindlela zokwelapha kufanele lwenziwe ukuze kugwenywe ezinye zezingozi ezihambisana nazo, njengokungami kahle kwengane ukuze ibelwe, izinkinga zokukhula kanye ne-neurodevelopment, ukopha kombungu, njll.
Isibonakaliso somtholampilo esivezwa abesifazane abakhulelwe abane-placenta previa ukopha okungenabuhlungu, ukuguquguquka okuningi kanye nezikhawu ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngakho akulona uphawu lokuya esikhathini futhi kuwuphawu oluhlukile lokuba khona kwe-placenta previa. Esimweni esinjalo, kuyodingeka kwenziwe uchungechunge lokungenelela ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kukamama nengane.
Ezimweni eziningi, izincomo zeziguli ezine-placenta previa ukuphumula kombhede ngokuphelele. Futhi yeka ukubhema uma kwenzeka umama enomkhuba futhi kwezinye izimo kungase kuboniswe ukuphazamiseka kokuya ocansini.
Ngalolu lwazi uzokwazi ukufunda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu, izici kanye nokuhlonza i-placenta ephansi noma i-previa kanye nokwelashwa okungase kube khona.