Ukuphela kwe-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa kuvame ukugcwala injabulo nokukhathazeka mayelana nokufika kwengane okuseduze. Ngaphandle kwalokho yisikhathi esingakhululeki kakhulu uma sikhuluma ngokomzimba, futhi ngokomzwelo kuyakhathaza. Uma ukulesi sigaba sokukhulelwa kwakho, ungase ube namaqakala avuvukele, uzwe ingcindezi ngaphansi kwesisu sakho kanye ne-pelvis, futhi ube nemicabango ephindaphindiwe mayelana nokuthi ingane yakho izozalwa nini.
Njengoba ufinyelela evikini lakho lama-37 lokukhulelwa, ukusikwa kungase kubonakale kuyisipho esihle kunazo zonke emhlabeni njengoba ekugcineni uthola ukuhlangana nengane yakho. Kodwa odokotela batusa ukulinda kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho isiphelele, ngaphandle uma kunezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo zakho noma zengane yakho.
Kunini lapho kuphephe khona ukubeletha?
Ukukhulelwa okuphelele kuthatha amasonto angu-40. Emasontweni ambalwa adlule, umzimba wowesifazane ulungiselela ukubeletha kuyilapho umntwana eqeda ukukhula kwezitho zakhe, njengobuchopho namaphaphu, futhi afinyelele isisindo sokuzalwa esifanele. Amathuba okuba nezinkinga zezingane ezisanda kuzalwa aphansi ekukhulelweni okugcina phakathi kwamaviki angama-39 nama-41..
Kodwa khumbula ukuthi abekho abesifazane ababili noma ababili abakhulelwe okufanayo. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izingane zizozalwa ngokwemvelo ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-39, kanti ezinye ngemva kwamasonto angu-41, ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu.
Kusuka kuliphi isonto umntwana angazalwa ephephile?
Lapho umntwana ezalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ziba nkulu izingozi empilweni nasekuphileni kwayo. Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-37 zithathwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma izalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-28, ingane ibhekwa njengengaphambi kwesikhathi kakhulu. Izingane ezizalwa phakathi kwamasonto ayi-10 nama-25 zinethuba elincane kakhulu lokusinda ngaphandle kwezinkinga ze-neurodevelopmental. Izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angama-23 zinethuba elingu-5-6% kuphela lokusinda.
Namuhla, izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi nangaphambi kwesikhathi ngokwedlulele zinentuthuko yezokwelapha ezivuna zona ukuze zisize ekusekeleni ukukhula kwesitho esiqhubekayo kuze kube yilapho izinga labo lempilo lilingana nelomntwana ozelwe ngokugcwele. Esinye sezizathu ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuthi kungani kufiseleka ukufinyelela isonto lama-40 lokukhulelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwamaphaphu omntwana..
Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningi ezihlobene nomama, ingane, kanye ne-placenta ezizodinga udokotela ukuthi alinganise izingozi zokuthwala kuze kube sekupheleni ngokumelene nenzuzo yokuvuthwa okugcwele kwamaphaphu. Ezinye zalezi zici i-placenta previa, isigaba sokuhlinzwa noma i-myomectomy yangaphambilini, preeclampsia, amawele noma amathathu, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela kanye ne-HIV. Noma kunjalo, ukuba nesipiliyoni sokuzalwa esihle nesinempilo kungenzeka ngisho nokubeletha ngaphambi kwamaviki angama-39, noma uma udokotela wakho encoma ukungeniswa emsebenzini.
Yiziphi izimbangela nezingozi zokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi?
Ezikhathini eziningi, imbangela yokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi ayaziwa. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abanomlando wesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sezinso, noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme maningi amathuba okuthi azalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Abanye izici engcupheni kanye nezimbangela bangaba:
- Ukukhulelwa okuningi
- Ukopha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa nokuhlukumeza
- Ukuthola isifo somchamo
- ukubhema ugwayi
- ukuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
- Ukuba nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwangaphambilini
- abe nesibeletho esingavamile
- Yenza ukutheleleka kwe-amniotic membrane
- Ukungadli ukudla okunempilo ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa
- abe nomlomo wesibeletho obuthakathaka
- Njengoba uke waphathwa ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla esikhathini esidlule
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma, ngokuphambene, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
- ube nengcindezi enkulu
Ziningi izingozi zempilo ezinganeni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Izinkinga ezinkulu ezibeka impilo engozini ngokuvamile zingelashwa ngempumelelo egunjini labagula kakhulu. (NICU), kodwa ingadinga ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Lezi zinkinga zingabandakanya i-neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome, ukopha ebuchosheni noma emaphashini, kanye ne-patent ductus arteriosus. Ezinye izingozi zezingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi yilezi:
- Ukubambezeleka kwentuthuko
- Kunzima ukuphefumula
- izinkinga zokubona nokuzwa
- Isisindo sokuzala esiphansi
- Ubunzima bokunamathela ebeleni likamama
- Jaundice
- Ubunzima bokulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba
Eziningi zalezi zimo zizodinga ukwamukelwa ku-NICU. Lapha odokotela bazohlola, belaphe izingane ezisanda kuzalwa, bazinikeze ukuphefumula futhi bazisize ngokuzondla. lezi ezikhathazayo qinisekisa ukuthi izingane zinezinga eliphezulu lokuphila, esiza ukululama kwakho.