Njengoba isazi sefilosofi saseJalimane uLudwig Feuerbach sathi: "Siyilokho esikudlayo", futhi endabeni yama-fetus kuyiqiniso ngokuphelele. Futhi akunakuphikwa: umzimba wethu wakhiwe ngama-molecule ezinto ezitholakala ekudleni esikudla nsuku zonke.
Esibelethweni sikamama, umbungu ingakwazi ukudla futhi iphefumule ngenxa ye-placenta. Kufika kanje ukudla nomoya-mpilo.
Lapho esibelethweni sikamama, umbungu uyakwazi ukudla nokuphefumula ngegazi elijikeleza enkabeni, elisuka ku-placenta. Kuleli payipi elixhumanisa umntwana nomama, lapho umntwana engathola khona izinto ezidingekayo ukuze aphile, njengokungathi uyadla futhi uyaphefumula.
Phakathi nezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye zokukhulelwa, i-placenta inikeza umbungu ukugeleza okuqhubekayo kokudla nomoya-mpilo futhi iqeda lokho okudingwa yi-metabolism yengane.
Ukudla kufika kanjani ku-fetus?
Ukudla kungafinyelela ku-fetus ngokusebenzisa i-chorionic villi, eyakha ingxenye ye-embryonic ye-placenta. I-placenta yakha, ngesikhathi esifanayo, umgoqo wengxenye yegazi kanye nesisefo sokusele, okungukuthi, izinto okumelwe zikwazi ukushintshaniswa phakathi kukamama nosana esibelethweni sakhe, kuhlanganise nama-hormone kamama namasosha omzimba.
Ecebile ngama-capillary, amunca umsoco emithanjeni yegazi kamama. Ngale ndlela, umntwana uthola ukudla akudingayo, akufake emzimbeni kanina. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe balondoloze ukudla okunempilo nokulinganisela, ngoba konke okufika enganeni kuzoba nomthelela. ekukhuleni nasempilweni yabo.
Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukwazi ngokuqondile ukuthi ukudla kufinyelele isikhathi esingakanani ku-fetus, imisoco ebalulekile ivame ukumuncwa ngokushesha umntwana. Ukuze bezwe ukunyakaza, abanye omama badla into emnandi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngokungafani nama-macromolecules ayinkimbinkimbi, i-glucose isheshe ifinyelele enganeni ngokusebenzisa i-placenta kanye nenkaba.
Kwenzeka kanjani ukuphefumula kwe-fetus?
Ukuphefumula kwengane kuqala kusukela isonto leshumi nambili. Ngesikhathi isesibelethweni, umntwana ucwila oketshezini lwe-amniotic futhi akakwazi ukuphefumula ngokuzenzakalelayo ngamaphaphu, azosebenza kuphela lapho ezalwa. Umoya-mpilo ufinyelela ku-fetus i-placenta kanye ne-umbilical vein, eshiya igazi likamama, lapho ligxila khona kakhulu, futhi lidlulela egazini le-fetus, ngokuphambene nalokho, limpofu kakhulu, liyeka i-carbon dioxide kanye nemfucuza okokuqala. Kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi ukutholakala okulinganiselwe komoya-mpilo kungabambezela ukukhula kwengane nokuthi i-placenta iyazwela ku-nicotine: yingakho kunconywa ukuyeka ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngokuphambene, imisebenzi evumela umama ukuba aphefumule ngokujulile, njenge dlala ezemidlalo noma ukhwele izitebhisiBasebenza njengokuzivocavoca okunempilo kwengane.
Eqinisweni, kungathiwa izingane aziphefumuli nhlobo lapho zisesiswini. Kunalokho, zidla umoya-mpilo kanye nezinye izakhi, njengamavithamini namaprotheni, ngegazi lenkaba.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ukudla kufinyelele umbungu?
Kubonakala sengathi kusukela ngesonto lesishiyagalombili lokukhulelwa umbungu unikezwa ama-taste buds, futhi kamuva lawa ma-papillae aqala ukuxhumana nobuchopho, ngaleyo ndlela abangele ukuvuvukala. ukuthuthukiswa komqondo wokunambitha.
I-oksijini ingena kanjani ku-fetus?
I-fetus idinga ukutholakala komoyampilo njalo ngesikhathi "se-perinatal" ngaphambi nangemva kokuzalwa. Lo moya-mpilo unikezwa ngumama nge-placenta nenkaba kuze kube yilapho umntwana ezalwa futhi ekwazi ukuziphefumulela.
Yini ehamba ngenkaba?
Inkaba ixhuma umama nengane. Ngegazi eliqukethwe enkabeni umntwana uthola ukudla nomoya-mpilo phakathi nesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ekupheleni kokukhulelwa kuba ngamasentimitha angu-55 ubude.